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Acraea Manca
''Acraea manca'' is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Tanzania. Description Very similar to ''Acraea acrita'' qv. Taxonomy ''Acraea manca'' is a member of the ''Acraea acrita'' species group. The clade members are: *''Acraea manca'' *''Acraea acrita'' *'' Acraea chaeribula'' *''Acraea eltringhamiana'' *''Acraea guluensis'' *''Acraea lualabae'' *''Acraea pudorina'' *''Acraea utengulensis'' Classification of Acraea by Henning, Henning & Williams, Pierre. J. & Bernaud *''Acraea'' (group ''acrita'') Henning, 1993 *''Acraea'' (''Rubraea'') Henning & Williams, 2010 *''Acraea'' (''Acraea'') (subgroup ''acrita'') Pierre & Bernaud, 2013 *''Acraea'' (''Acraea'') Groupe ''egina'' Pierre & Bernaud, 2014 Pierre & Bernau, 2014 Classification et Liste Synonymique des Taxons du Genre ''Acraea'pdf/ref> References External links Images representing ''Acraea manca''at Bold In typography, emphasis is the strengthening of words in a text with a font in a dif ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Friedrich Thurau
Friedrich Thurau (1843–1913) was a German entomologist. He specialised in butterflies. His collection of Palearctic lepidoptera is in Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin. Works partial list *''Colias nastes ''Colias nastes'', the Labrador sulphur, is a butterfly in the family Pieridae. In Europe, it is found in the north of Norway and Sweden and on rare occasions in northern Finland. It is also found in North America, specifically in Alaska, Canada, ...'' Bsd. var. ''werdandi'' Zett. und ihre Aberratione. ''Berl. ent. Z.'' 48, pp. 13-116*Neue Rhopaloceren aus Ost Afrika. Ergebnisse der Nyassa-See-un Kenya-Gebirgs-Expedition der Hermann und Elise geb. Heckmann-Wentzel-Stiftung ''Berl. ent. Z''. 48 : 117-143 (1903). *Neue Lepidopteren aus Ost- und Central-Afrika, im Königl. zoologischen Museum zu ''Berlin Berl. ent. Z.'' 48 : 301-314 (1903) ''Berl. ent. Z.'' online References * Groll, E. K. (Hrsg.): Biografien der Entomologen der Welt : Datenbank. Version 4.15 : Senckenberg Deu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acraea Guluensis
''Acraea guluensis'' is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in northern Uganda and southern Sudan. Taxonomy ''Acraea guluensis'' is a member of the ''Acraea acrita'' species group. The clade members are: *''Acraea guluensis'' *''Acraea acrita'' *'' Acraea chaeribula'' *'' Acraea eltringhamiana'' *''Acraea lualabae'' *'' Acraea manca'' *'' Acraea pudorina'' *''Acraea utengulensis'' Classification of ''Acraea'' by Henning, Henning & Williams, Pierre. J. & Bernaud *''Acraea'' (group ''acrita'') Henning, 1993 *''Acraea'' (''Rubraea'') Henning & Williams, 2010 *''Acraea'' (''Acraea'') (supraspecies ''acrita'') Pierre & Bernaud, 2013 *''Acraea'' (''Acraea'') Groupe ''egina'' Pierre & Bernaud, 2014 Pierre & Bernau, 2014 Classification et Liste Synonymique des Taxons du Genre ''Acraea'pdf/ref> References Le Doux, C., 1932 Neue Acraeinae (Lepid. Rhopal.) aus Afrika. ''Mitteilungen der Deutschen Entomologischen Gesellschaft'' 3:4-7. External links ''Acraea guluen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acraea (butterfly)
''Acraea'' is a genus of brush-footed butterflies (family Nymphalidae) of the subfamily Heliconiinae. It seems to be highly paraphyletic and has long been used as a "wastebin taxon" to unite about 220 species of anatomically conservative Acraeini. Some phylogenetic studies show that the genus ''Acraea'' is monophyletic if ''Bematistes'' and Neotropical ''Actinote'' are included (see Pierre & Bernaud, 2009). Most species assembled here are restricted to the Afrotropical realm, but some are found in India, Southeast Asia, and Australia.Silva-Brandão et al. (2008) Biology The eggs are laid in masses; the larvae are rather short, of almost equal thickness throughout, and possessing branched spines on each segment, young larvae group together on a protecting mass of silk; the pupa is slender, with a long abdomen, rather wide and angulated about the insertion of the wings, and suspended by the tail only. '' A. horta'', '' A. cabira'', and '' A. terpsicore'' illustrate typical life ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Butterflies Described In 1904
Butterflies are insects in the macrolepidopteran clade Rhopalocera from the order Lepidoptera, which also includes moths. Adult butterflies have large, often brightly coloured wings, and conspicuous, fluttering flight. The group comprises the large superfamily Papilionoidea, which contains at least one former group, the skippers (formerly the superfamily "Hesperioidea"), and the most recent analyses suggest it also contains the moth-butterflies (formerly the superfamily "Hedyloidea"). Butterfly fossils date to the Paleocene, about 56 million years ago. Butterflies have a four-stage life cycle, as like most insects they undergo complete metamorphosis. Winged adults lay eggs on the food plant on which their larvae, known as caterpillars, will feed. The caterpillars grow, sometimes very rapidly, and when fully developed, pupate in a chrysalis. When metamorphosis is complete, the pupal skin splits, the adult insect climbs out, and after its wings have expanded and dried, it flie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Consortium For The Barcode Of Life
The Consortium for the Barcode of Life (CBOL) was an international initiative dedicated to supporting the development of DNA barcoding as a global standard for species identification. CBOL's Secretariat Office is hosted by the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, in Washington, DC. Barcoding was proposed in 2003 by Prof. Paul Hebert of the University of Guelph in Ontario as a way of distinguishing and identifying species with a short standardized gene sequence. Hebert proposed the 658 bases of the Folmer region of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome-C oxidase-1 as the standard barcode region. Hebert is the Director of the Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, the Canadian Centre for DNA Barcoding, and the International Barcode of Life Project (iBOL), all headquartered at the University of Guelph. The Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD) is also located at the University of Guelph. CBOL was created in May 2004 with support of the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acraea Utengulensis
''Acraea utengulensis'', the Tanzanian fiery acraea, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in northern and central Tanzania and Zambia. Taxonomy ''Acraea utengulensis'' is a member of the ''Acraea acrita'' species group. The clade members are: *''Acraea utengulensis'' *''Acraea acrita'' *'' Acraea chaeribula'' *'' Acraea eltringhamiana'' *'' Acraea guluensis'' *'' Acraea lualabae'' *'' Acraea manca'' *'' Acraea pudorina'' Treated as a form of ''Acraea pudorina'' by Per Olof Christopher Aurivillius in Adalbert Seitz's ''Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde'' (in English: The Macrolepidoptera of the World) (1907). See the ''Acraea acrita'' species complex. Classification of Acraea by Henning, Henning & Williams, Pierre. J. & Bernaud *''Acraea'' (group ''acrita'') Henning, 1993 *''Acraea'' (''Rubraea'') Henning & Williams, 2010 *''Acraea'' (''Acraea'') (subgroup ''acrita'') Pierre & Bernaud, 2013 *''Acraea'' (''Acraea'') Groupe ''egina'' Pierre & Bernaud, 2 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acraea Pudorina
''Acraea pudorina'', the Kenyan fiery acraea, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in central and southern Kenya and Tanzania. Description Very similar to ''Acraea acrita'' qv. Taxonomy ''Acraea pudorina'' is a member of the ''Acraea acrita'' species group. The other clade members are: *''Acraea acrita'' *'' Acraea chaeribula'' *''Acraea eltringhamiana'' *''Acraea guluensis'' *''Acraea lualabae'' *'' Acraea manca'' *''Acraea utengulensis ''Acraea utengulensis'', the Tanzanian fiery acraea, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in northern and central Tanzania and Zambia. Taxonomy ''Acraea utengulensis'' is a member of the ''Acraea acrita'' species group. The cl ...'' Classification of Acraea by Henning, Henning & Williams, Pierre. J. & Bernaud *''Acraea'' (group ''acrita'') Henning, 1993 *''Acraea'' (''Rubraea'') Henning & Williams, 2010 *''Acraea'' (''Acraea'') (supraspecies ''acrita'') *''Acraea'' (''Acraea'') Groupe ''egi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acraea Lualabae
''Acraea lualabae'' is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (Shaba). Description In 1912, Harry Eltringham wrote: Description in Seitz ''A. lualabae'' Neave is very similar to the two following species Acraea chaeribula">A. chaeribula'', ''Acraea acrita">A. acrita'' , scarcely differing except in the forewing having two to four discal dots in cellules 3 to 6. Both wings above orange-yellow with large black dots; apical spot of the forewing about 8 mm. in breadth, indicated beneath also; marginal band of the hindwing on both surfaces with large light spots; hindwing above blackish at the base. Congo: Lualaba. Taxonomy ''Acraea lualabae'' is a member of the ''Acraea acrita'' species group. The clade members are: *''Acraea lualabae'' *''Acraea acrita'' *''Acraea chaeribula'' *''Acraea eltringhamiana'' *''Acraea guluensis'' *''Acraea manca'' *''Acraea pudorina'' *''Acraea utengulensis ''Acraea utengulensis'', the T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acraea Eltringhamiana
''Acraea eltringhamiana'' is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Zambia (from the northern part of the country to Lake Bangweulu) and the south-eastern part of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. ''Acraea eltringhamiana'' is a member of the ''Acraea acrita'' species group. The clade members are: *''Acraea eltringhamiana'' *''Acraea acrita'' *'' Acraea chaeribula'' *''Acraea guluensis'' *''Acraea lualabae'' *'' Acraea manca'' *'' Acraea pudorina'' *''Acraea utengulensis ''Acraea utengulensis'', the Tanzanian fiery acraea, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in northern and central Tanzania and Zambia. Taxonomy ''Acraea utengulensis'' is a member of the ''Acraea acrita'' species group. The cl ...'' *''Acraea'' (group ''horta'') Henning, 1993 *''Acraea'' (''Acraea'') Henning & Williams, 2010, *''Acraea'' (''Acraea'') (subgroup ''insignis'') Pierre & Bernaud, 2013 *''Acraea'' (''Acraea'') group ''egina'' Pierre & Bernaud, 2014 Pierre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Butterfly
Butterflies are insects in the macrolepidopteran clade Rhopalocera from the Order (biology), order Lepidoptera, which also includes moths. Adult butterflies have large, often brightly coloured wings, and conspicuous, fluttering flight. The group comprises the large superfamily (zoology), superfamily Papilionoidea, which contains at least one former group, the skippers (formerly the superfamily "Hesperioidea"), and the most recent analyses suggest it also contains the moth-butterflies (formerly the superfamily "Hedyloidea"). Butterfly fossils date to the Paleocene, about 56 million years ago. Butterflies have a four-stage life cycle, as like most insects they undergo Holometabolism, complete metamorphosis. Winged adults lay eggs on the food plant on which their larvae, known as caterpillars, will feed. The caterpillars grow, sometimes very rapidly, and when fully developed, pupate in a chrysalis. When metamorphosis is complete, the pupal skin splits, the adult insect climbs o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acraea Chaeribula
''Acraea chaeribula'' is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in southern Tanzania, Malawi, Zambia and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (Haut-Lomani, Lualaba, Haut-Shaba). Description ''A. chaeribula'' Oberth. (55 b) is very similar to certain forms of the next species Acraea_acrita.html" ;"title="''Acraea acrita">''Acraea acrita'' , only differing in the very large and deep black apical spot on the upperside of the forewing. Discal dots 3 to 6 of the forewing are absent and the marginal band of the hindwing is light-spotted. The ground-colour is in the male orange- yellow, in the female sometimes dull dark brown, only yellowish behind the cell of the forewing. Rhodesia, southern Congo, Nyassaland and German East Africa. The habitat consists of ''Brachystegia'' woodland.( Miombo ) Taxonomy ''Acraea chaeribula'' is a member of the ''Acraea acrit''a species group. The other clade members are: *''Acraea chaeribula'' *''Acraea acrita'' *''Acraea eltring ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clade
A clade (), also known as a monophyletic group or natural group, is a group of organisms that are monophyletic – that is, composed of a common ancestor and all its lineal descendants – on a phylogenetic tree. Rather than the English term, the equivalent Latin term ''cladus'' (plural ''cladi'') is often used in taxonomical literature. The common ancestor may be an individual, a population, or a species (extinct or extant). Clades are nested, one in another, as each branch in turn splits into smaller branches. These splits reflect evolutionary history as populations diverged and evolved independently. Clades are termed monophyletic (Greek: "one clan") groups. Over the last few decades, the cladistic approach has revolutionized biological classification and revealed surprising evolutionary relationships among organisms. Increasingly, taxonomists try to avoid naming taxa that are not clades; that is, taxa that are not monophyletic. Some of the relationships between organisms ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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