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Australian Treasury
The Treasury, fully Department of the Treasury, is the Australian Government ministerial department responsible for economic policy, fiscal policy, market regulation, and the Australian federal budget. The Treasury is one of only two government departments that have existed continuously since Federation in 1901, the other being the Attorney-General's Department. The most senior public servant in the Treasury is the department secretary, currently Steven Kennedy who was appointed in September 2019. Ministerial responsibility for the department lies with the Treasurer, currently Jim Chalmers who took office in the Albanese government in May 2022. History The Australian Treasury was established in Melbourne in January 1901, after the federation of the six Australian colonies. In 1910, the federal government passed the ''Australian Notes Act 1910'' which gave control over the issue of Australian bank notes to The Treasury and prohibited the circulation of state notes and withdr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canberra
Canberra ( ) is the capital city of Australia. Founded following the federation of the colonies of Australia as the seat of government for the new nation, it is Australia's largest inland city and the eighth-largest city overall. The city is located at the northern end of the Australian Capital Territory at the northern tip of the Australian Alps, the country's highest mountain range. As of June 2021, Canberra's estimated population was 453,558. The area chosen for the capital had been inhabited by Indigenous Australians for up to 21,000 years, with the principal group being the Ngunnawal people. European settlement commenced in the first half of the 19th century, as evidenced by surviving landmarks such as St John's Anglican Church and Blundells Cottage. On 1 January 1901, federation of the colonies of Australia was achieved. Following a long dispute over whether Sydney or Melbourne should be the national capital, a compromise was reached: the new capital would be buil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Departmental Secretary
In Australia, a departmental secretary is the most senior Civil service, public servant of an Australian Government or States and territories of Australia, state government department. They are typically responsible for the day-to-day actions of a department. Role A departmental secretary is a non-political, non-elected public servant head (and "responsible officer") of government departments, who generally holds their position for a number of years. A departmental secretary works closely with the elected Minister (government), government minister that oversees the Commonwealth List of Australian Commonwealth Government entities, department or state government department in order to bring about policy and program initiatives that the government of day was elected to achieve. A departmental secretary works with other departments and agencies to ensure the delivery of services and programs within the nominated area of responsibility. The secretary is also known as the chief ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stuart McFarlane
Stuart Gordon McFarlane (4 May 1885 – 31 December 1970) was a senior Australian public servant. He was Secretary of the Department of the Treasury between 1938 and 1949. Life and career Stuart McFarlane was born at Maldon, Victoria on 4 May 1885. McFarlane began his career in the Commonwealth public service as a clerk in the Finance Branch of the Department of the Treasury in 1903. Between 1911 and 1926, he worked in the Postmaster-General's Department The Postmaster-General's Department (PMG) was a department of the Australian federal government, established at Federation in 1901, whose responsibilities included the provision of postal and telegraphic services throughout Australia. It was .... He went on to serve as Assistant Secretary of the Finance Branch between 1926 and 1932, and then Assistant Secretary in the Administration Branch. He was appointed Secretary of the Treasury in March 1938. During his time in the public service, McFarlane travelled quite ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harry Sheehan
Sir Henry John Sheehan (27 December 188326 March 1941) was a senior Australian public servant and banker. Sheehan is best known for his time as head of the Department of the Treasury and as Governor of the Commonwealth Bank. Life and career Harry Sheehan was born in St Kilda, Melbourne on 27 December 1883. Sheehan began his Commonwealth Public Service The Australian Public Service (APS) is the federal civil service of the Commonwealth of Australia responsible for the public administration, public policy, and public services of the departments and executive and statutory agencies of the Go ... career in 1903 in the Department of the Treasury. Between 1932 and 1938, Sheehan was head of the department. Sheehan died of cancer on 26 March 1941 in Sydney. A memorial service was held at St Stephen's Church. Awards Sheehan was made a Commander of the Order of the British Empire while Assistant Secretary to the Treasury in June 1928. He was appointed a Knight Bachelor in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
James Heathershaw
James Thomas Heathershaw (7 May 187125 July 1943) was an Australian public servant and the third Secretary of the Department of the Treasury. Early life Heathershaw was born on 7 May 1871 in Beaufort, Victoria. He was the twelfth child of Henry and Amelia Nancy (née Robilliard), and attended Flinders School in Geelong. Career Heathershaw joined the Victorian Public Service in March 1889, transferring to the newly-formed Federal Treasury in 1902. In 1926, Heathershaw was appointed Secretary of the Treasury, becoming Australia's third Treasurer. He stood down from the role in 1932 due to poor health and went back to being Assistant Secretary in charge of pensions, compensation and insurance, before officially retiring in December 1935; he had even delayed his retirement date by some nine months to finish reorganising the Treasury's pensions department. Personal life and death Heathershaw married Rosa Ethel Rodway at the Primitive Methodist Church in Carlton, on 7 March 1901; ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
James Collins (public Servant)
James Richard Collins (14 March 186918 June 1934) was a senior Australian public servant, best known for his time as head of the Department of the Treasury Life and career James Collins was born on 14 March 1869 in Sebastopol, Victoria. Collins joined the Commonwealth Public Service The Australian Public Service (APS) is the federal civil service of the Commonwealth of Australia responsible for the public administration, public policy, and public services of the departments and executive and statutory agencies of the Go ... in 1901, having before federation assisted to prepare the Victorian colonial budget in 1893 and in 1900 organising and running the first Victorian Old Age Pensions Office. Between 1916 and 1926, Collins was the Secretary of the Australian Government Department of the Treasury. His official duties included a financial mission to London in 1920. That same year he also traveled to Brussels as the sole Australian delegate to the 1920 International Fin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Allen (public Servant)
George Thomas Allen (23 August 185220 April 1940) was a senior Australian public servant, one of the inaugural heads of departments in the Australian Public Service at Australia's federation. Life and career George Allen was born on 23 August 1852 in Geelong, Victoria. He was educated at Flinders Street School. Between 1901 and his retirement in 1916, Allen was the Secretary A secretary, administrative professional, administrative assistant, executive assistant, administrative officer, administrative support specialist, clerk, military assistant, management assistant, office secretary, or personal assistant is a w ... of the Department of the Treasury. In his first two years in the role, Allen only had 20 staff. Allen died, never married, in his home in Kew, Melbourne, on 20 April 1940. Awards In January 1913, Allen was made a Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George, while Secretary of the Australian Government Treasury. References 1852 birt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crisis Management
Crisis management is the process by which an organization deals with a disruptive and unexpected event that threatens to harm the organization or its stakeholders. The study of crisis management originated with large-scale industrial and environmental disasters in the 1980s.ASIS International, "Organizational Resilience: Security, Preparedness, and Continuity Management Systems-Requirements with Guidance for Use, ASIS SPC.1-2009, American National Standard", 2009 It is considered to be the most important process in public relations. Three elements are common to a crisis: (a) a threat to the organization, (b) the element of surprise, and (c) a short decision time. Venette argues that "crisis is a process of transformation where the old system can no longer be maintained". Therefore, the fourth defining quality is the need for change. If change is not needed, the event could more accurately be described as a failure or incident. In contrast to risk management, which involves a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Regulation
Regulation is the management of complex systems according to a set of rules and trends. In systems theory, these types of rules exist in various fields of biology and society, but the term has slightly different meanings according to context. For example: * in biology, gene regulation and metabolic regulation allow living organisms to adapt to their environment and maintain homeostasis; * in government, typically regulation means stipulations of the delegated legislation which is drafted by subject-matter experts to enforce primary legislation; * in business, industry self-regulation occurs through self-regulatory organizations and trade associations which allow industries to set and enforce rules with less government involvement; and, * in psychology, self-regulation theory is the study of how individuals regulate their thoughts and behaviors to reach goals. Social Regulation in the social, political, psychological, and economic domains can take many forms: legal restriction ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Australian Prudential Regulation Authority
The Australian Prudential Regulation Authority (APRA) is a statutory authority of the Australian Government and the prudential regulator of the Australian financial services industry. APRA was established on 1 July 1998 in response to the recommendations of the Wallis Inquiry. APRA's authority and scope is determined pursuant to the . Regulatory scope APRA was established on 1 July 1998. It oversees banks, credit unions, building societies, friendly societies, general insurance, health insurance, reinsurance, and life insurance companies, and most members of the superannuation industry. It ensures that these institutions keep their financial promises; that is, that they will remain financially sound and able to meet their obligations to depositors, fund members and policy holders. APRA currently supervises institutions holding A$8.6 trillion in assets for Australian depositors, policyholders and superannuation fund members. APRA is largely funded by levies on the financial inst ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Macroeconomic
Macroeconomics (from the Greek prefix ''makro-'' meaning "large" + ''economics'') is a branch of economics dealing with performance, structure, behavior, and decision-making of an economy as a whole. For example, using interest rates, taxes, and government spending to regulate an economy's growth and stability. This includes regional, national, and global economies. According to a 2018 assessment by economists Emi Nakamura and Jón Steinsson, economic "evidence regarding the consequences of different macroeconomic policies is still highly imperfect and open to serious criticism." Macroeconomists study topics such as GDP (Gross Domestic Product), unemployment (including unemployment rates), national income, price indices, output, consumption, inflation, saving, investment, energy, international trade, and international finance. Macroeconomics and microeconomics are the two most general fields in economics. The United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 17 has a target to enha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taxation In Australia
Income taxes are the most significant form of taxation in Australia, and collected by the federal government through the Australian Taxation Office. Australian GST revenue is collected by the Federal government, and then paid to the states under a distribution formula determined by the Commonwealth Grants Commission. Australia maintains a relatively low tax burden in comparison with other wealthy, developed nations, at 27.8% of GDP in 2018. History When the first Governor, Governor Phillip, arrived in New South Wales in 1788, he had a Royal Instruction that gave him power to impose taxation if the colony needed it. The first taxes in Australia were raised to help pay for the completion of Sydney's first gaol and provide for the orphans of the colony. Import duties were put on spirits, wine and beer and later on luxury goods. After 1824 the Government of New South Wales raised extra revenue from customs and excise duties. These were the most important sources of revenue for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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