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Auriculariaceae
The Auriculariaceae are a family of fungi in the order Auriculariales. Species within the family were formerly referred to the "heterobasidiomycetes" or "jelly fungi", since many have gelatinous basidiocarps (fruit bodies) that produce spores on septate basidia. Around 100 species are known worldwide. All are believed to be saprotrophic, most growing on dead wood. Fruit bodies of several ''Auricularia'' species are cultivated for food on a commercial scale, especially in China. Taxonomy History The family was established in 1897 by German mycologist Gustav Lindau to accommodate species of fungi having "gymnocarpous" basidiocarps (with the hymenium exposed) and "auricularioid" basidia (more or less cylindrical basidia with lateral septa). It included not only the genus ''Auricularia'', but also '' Platygloea'', '' Jola'', '' Saccoblastia'', and ''Stypinella'' (= '' Helicobasidium''). In 1922, British mycologist Carleton Rea recognized the family as containing the genera ''Auricu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Auriculariales
The Auriculariales are an order of fungi in the class Agaricomycetes. Species within the order were formerly referred to the "heterobasidiomycetes" or "jelly fungi", since many have gelatinous basidiocarps (fruit bodies) that produce spores on septate basidia. Around 200 species are known worldwide, placed in six or more families, though the status of these families is currently uncertain. All species in the Auriculariales are believed to be saprotrophic, most growing on dead wood. Fruit bodies of several ''Auricularia'' species are cultivated for food on a commercial scale, especially in China. Taxonomy History The order was established in 1889 by German mycologist Joseph Schröter to accommodate species of fungi having "auricularioid" basidia (more or less cylindrical basidia with lateral septa), including many of the rusts and smuts. In 1922, British mycologist Carleton Rea recognized the order as containing the families Auriculariaceae and Ecchynaceae, as well as the rus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heterobasidiomycetes
Heterobasidiomycetes, including jelly fungi, smuts and rusts, are basidiomycetes with Septum, septate Basidium, basidia. This contrasts them to homobasidiomycetes (alternatively called holobasidiomycetes), including most mushrooms and other Agaricomycetes, which have aseptate basidia. The division of all basidiomycetes between these two groups has been influential in fungal Taxonomy (biology), taxonomy, and is still used informally, but it is no longer the basis of formal classification. In modern taxonomy homobasidiomycetes roughly correspond to the monophyletic class Agaricomycetes, whereas heterobasidiomycetes are paraphyletic and as such correspond to various taxa from different Taxonomic rank#Ranks in botany, taxonomic ranks, including the Basidiomycota other than Agaricomycetes and a few Basal (phylogenetics), basal groups within Agaricomycetes. Distinction between homo- and heterobasidiomycetes In addition to having septate basidia, heterobasidiomycetes also frequently pos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Exidiopsis
''Exidiopsis'' is a genus of fungi in the family Auriculariaceae. The genus has a widespread distribution and contains around 30 species. One species, '' Exidiopsis effusa'', is responsible for the formation of hair ice Hair ice, also known as ice wool or frost beard, is a type of ice that forms on dead wood and takes the shape of fine, silky hair. It is somewhat uncommon, and has been reported mostly at latitudes between 45 and 55 °N in broadleaf forest ... on dead wood. Species *'' Exidiopsis albopruinata'' *'' Exidiopsis alliciens'' *'' Exidiopsis badia'' *'' Exidiopsis banlaensis'' *'' Exidiopsis calcea'' *'' Exidiopsis cartilaginea'' *'' Exidiopsis citrina'' *'' Exidiopsis diversa'' *'' Exidiopsis effusa'' *'' Exidiopsis endoramifera'' *'' Exidiopsis galzinii'' *'' Exidiopsis griseobrunnea'' *'' Exidiopsis gypsea'' *'' Exidiopsis jianfengensis'' *'' Exidiopsis leucophaea'' *'' Exidiopsis macroacantha'' *'' Exidiopsis molybdea'' *'' Exidiopsis mucedinea'' *'' Exidi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fibulosebacea
''Fibulosebacea'' is a genus of fungi in the family Auriculariaceae. The genus is monotypic In biology, a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group (taxon) that contains only one immediately subordinate taxon. A monotypic species is one that does not include subspecies or smaller, infraspecific taxa. In the case of genera, the term "unispe ..., containing the single species ''Fibulosebacea strigosa'', found in Europe. References External links {{Taxonbar, from=Q5446503 Auriculariales Fungi of Europe Monotypic Basidiomycota genera ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tremellochaete
''Tremellochaete'' is a genus of fungi in the family Auriculariaceae. Species produce pustular or lobed, effused, gelatinous basidiocarps (fruit bodies) on wood, typically covered in small sterile spines or pegs. Taxonomy The genus was originally created in 1964 by Estonian mycologist Ain Raitviir to accommodate ''Tremellochaete japonica'', a species that appeared morphologically intermediate between the older genera ''Exidia'' and '' Heterochaete''. ''Tremellochaete'' was subsequently treated as a synonym of ''Exidia'' by some authors until shown to be distinct as a result of molecular research, based on cladistic analysis of DNA sequences A nucleic acid sequence is a succession of bases signified by a series of a set of five different letters that indicate the order of nucleotides forming alleles within a DNA (using GACT) or RNA (GACU) molecule. By convention, sequences are us .... Several additional species have now been referred to ''Tremellochaete''. References Ex ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protodaedalea
''Protodaedalea'' is a genus of fungi in the family Auriculariaceae. Species produce bracket-like basidiocarps In fungi, a basidiocarp, basidiome, or basidioma () is the sporocarp of a basidiomycete, the multicellular structure on which the spore-producing hymenium is borne. Basidiocarps are characteristic of the hymenomycetes; rusts and smuts do not ... (fruit bodies) on wood with a lamellate (gilled) undersurface. The genus currently comprises two species, both known from Asia. References External links Auriculariales Agaricomycetes genera {{Agaricomycotina-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proterochaete
''Proterochaete'' is a genus of fungi in the family Auriculariaceae. The type and only species, '' Proterochaete adusta'', produces thin, effused, corticioid basidiocarps (fruit bodies) with a smooth or spiny surface on wood. The species was originally described from North America and is also known from northern Europe and Asia. Taxonomy The genus was created as a result of molecular research, based on cladistic analysis of DNA sequences, which showed that ''Proterochaete adusta'', previously referred to the genus ''Sebacina ''Sebacina'' is a genus of fungi in the family Sebacinaceae. Its species are mycorrhizal, forming a range of associations with trees and other plants. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are produced on soil and litter, sometimes partly encrusting stems ...'', formed its own unrelated and distinct clade. References External links Auriculariales Agaricomycetes genera {{Agaricomycetes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sclerotrema
''Sclerotrema'' is a genus of fungi in the family Auriculariaceae. The type and only species, ''Sclerotrema griseobrunnea'', produces effused, corticioid basidiocarps (fruit bodies) on wood with a smooth surface. The species was originally described from Russia and is also known from Canada. Taxonomy The genus was created as a result of molecular research, based on cladistic analysis of DNA sequences, which showed that ''Sclerotrema griseobrunnea'', previously referred to the genus ''Exidiopsis ''Exidiopsis'' is a genus of fungi in the family Auriculariaceae. The genus has a widespread distribution and contains around 30 species. One species, '' Exidiopsis effusa'', is responsible for the formation of hair ice Hair ice, also known a ...'', formed its own unrelated and distinct clade. References {{Reflist, 1, refs= {{cite journal , vauthors=Malysheva V, Spirin V , year=2017 , title=Taxonomy and phylogeny of the Auriculariales (Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota) with stereoid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Exidia
''Exidia'' is a genus of fungi in the family Auriculariaceae. The species are saprotrophic, occurring in attached or recently fallen dead wood, and produce gelatinous basidiocarps (fruit bodies). The fruit bodies are diverse, pustular, lobed, button-shaped or cup-shaped. Several species, including the type species ''Exidia glandulosa'', have sterile pegs or pimples on their spore-bearing surface. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution and around 20 species are currently recognized worldwide. Initial molecular research indicates the genus is artificial. Taxonomy ''Exidia'' species were originally placed in the genus ''Tremella'' along with many other gelatinous fungi. The genus ''Exidia'' was separated from ''Tremella'' by Fries in 1822, based mainly on fruit body shape. Fries initially included species now assigned to ''Auricularia'' within the genus. Recent molecular research has indicated that ''Exidia'' as currently circumscribed is an artificial grouping, the species not b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Auricularia
''Auricularia'' is a genus of fungi in the family Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Idea ... Auriculariaceae. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are typically gelatinous and ear-shaped, with a slightly downy to conspicuously hirsute upper surface and an under surface that is smooth, wrinkled or veined. All species grow on wood. Several ''Auricularia'' species are edible and commercially cultivated on a large scale in China and East Asia. Taxonomy The genus was first introduced in 1780 by French mycologist Jean Baptiste François Pierre Bulliard, Pierre Bulliard for a range of different fungi producing fruit bodies with an ear-like shape. In 1822 Christian Hendrik Persoon restricted the genus to two gelatinous species, ''Auricularia mesenterica'' (which became the type species) a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amphistereum
''Amphistereum'' is a genus of fungi in the family Auriculariaceae. Species produce cupulate to effused, leathery basidiocarps (fruit bodies) on wood. Microscopically, fruit bodies have a dimitic hyphal system. The genus is currently only known from North and South America. Taxonomy The genus was created as a result of molecular research, based on cladistic analysis of DNA sequences A nucleic acid sequence is a succession of bases signified by a series of a set of five different letters that indicate the order of nucleotides forming alleles within a DNA (using GACT) or RNA (GACU) molecule. By convention, sequences are us ..., which showed that two species previously referred to the genus '' Eichleriella'' formed a related, but distinct grouping. References {{Taxonbar, from=Q115801299 Auriculariales Agaricomycetes genera ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adustochaete
''Adustochaete'' is a genus of fungi in the family Auriculariaceae. Species produce effused basidiocarps (fruit bodies) on wood, typically covered in small sterile spines or pegs. The genus was created as a result of molecular research, based on cladistic analysis of DNA sequences A nucleic acid sequence is a succession of bases signified by a series of a set of five different letters that indicate the order of nucleotides forming alleles within a DNA (using GACT) or RNA (GACU) molecule. By convention, sequences are us ..., to accommodate two species from Brazil and Mexico that are not closely related to the older and superficially similar genus '' Heterochaete''. Two additional species, from Brazil and China, have since been described. References External links Auriculariales Agaricomycetes genera {{Fungus-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
