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Arte Della Lana
The Arte della Lana was the wool guild of Florence during the Late Middle Ages and in the Renaissance. It was one of the seven '' Arti Maggiori ''("greater trades") of Florence, separate from the ''Arti Minori'' (the "lesser trades") and the ''Arti Mediane ''(the "middle trades"). The Arte della Lana dealt in woollen cloth and cooperated with the other corporations of bankers and merchants in administering the commune, both under the podestà and the Republic of Florence. The powerful Albizzi family were prominent members of the guild. History At the height of the industry the Arte della Lana directly employed 30.000 workers and indirectly about a third of Florence's population, and produced 100,000 lengths of cloth annually. The Arte della Lana saw all the processes from the raw baled wool through the final cloth, woven at numerous looms scattered in domiciles throughout the city. Like other guilds, the ''Arte'' served only to coordinate the activities of its own members, who ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arte Lana Della Robbia OPA Florence
Arte (; (), sometimes stylized in lowercase or uppercase in its logo) is a European public service channel dedicated to culture. It is made up of three separate companies: the Strasbourg-based European Economic Interest Grouping ARTE, plus two member companies acting as editorial and programme production centres, ARTE France in Paris (formerly known as La Sept) and ARTE Deutschland in Baden-Baden (a subsidiary of the two main public German TV networks ARD and ZDF). As an international joint venture (an EEIG), its programmes focus on audiences in both countries. Because of this, the channel has two audio tracks and two subtitle tracks, one each in French and German. 80% of Arte's programming is provided by its French and German subsidiaries, each making half of the programmes. The remainder is provided by the European subsidiary and the channel's European partners. Selected programmes are available with English, Spanish, Polish and Italian subtitles online. In Janua ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Podestà
Podestà (, English: Potestate, Podesta) was the name given to the holder of the highest civil office in the government of the cities of Central and Northern Italy during the Late Middle Ages. Sometimes, it meant the chief magistrate of a city state, the counterpart to similar positions in other cities that went by other names, e.g. ''rettori'' ("rectors"). In the following centuries up to 1918, the term was used to designate the head of the municipal administration, particularly in the Italian-speaking territories of the Austrian Empire. The title was taken up again during the Fascist regime with the same meaning. The podestà's office, its duration and the residence and the local jurisdiction were called ''podesteria'', especially during the Middle Ages, and in later centuries, more rarely during the fascist regime. Currently, ''podestà'' is the title of mayors in Italian-speaking municipalities of Graubünden in Switzerland, but is not the case for the rest of the C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orsanmichele
Orsanmichele (; "Kitchen Garden of St. Michael", from the Tuscan contraction of the Italian word ''orto'') is a church in the Italian city of Florence. The building was constructed on the site of the kitchen garden of the monastery of San Michele which no longer exists. Located on the Via Calzaiuoli in Florence, the church was originally built as a grain market in 1337 by Francesco Talenti, Neri di Fioravante, and Benci di Cione. Between 1380 and 1404, it was converted into a church used as the chapel of Florence's powerful craft and trade guilds. On the ground floor of the square building are the 13th-century arches that originally formed the loggia of the grain market. The second floor was devoted to offices, while the third housed one of the city's municipal grain storehouses, maintained to withstand famine or siege. Late in the 14th century, the guilds were charged by the city to commission statues of their patron saints to embellish the facades of the church. The sculptur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bernardo Buontalenti
Bernardo Buontalenti (), byname of Bernardo Delle Girandole ( 1531 – June 1608), was an Italian stage designer, architect, theatrical designer, military engineer and artist and inventor of italian ice cream. Biography Buontalenti was born in Florence. He entered the service of the Medici as a youth and remained with them the rest of his life. He is said to have been instructed in painting by Salviati and Bronzino, in sculpture by Michelangelo Buonarroti, in architecture by Giorgio Vasari, and in miniature painting under Giulio Clovio. He executed a number of miniatures for Francesco, the son of Cosimo I. More than a painter, he was celebrated as an architect; in this role he was much employed in the design of fortifications, villas, and gardens and is considered one of the most important architects of the Mannerist period. He was also a great mechanic, and an excellent mathematician. In 1562 he travelled to Spain. His first known work is from 1568, the Palazzo di Bianca Cap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guildhall
A guildhall, also known as a "guild hall" or "guild house", is a historical building originally used for tax collecting by municipalities or merchants in Great Britain and the Low Countries. These buildings commonly become town halls and in some cases museums while retaining their original names. Guildhalls as town hall in the United Kingdom In the United Kingdom, a guildhall is usually a town hall: in the vast majority of cases, the guildhalls have never served as the meeting place of any specific guild. A suggested etymology is from the Anglo Saxon "''gild'', or "payment"; the guildhall being where citizens came to pay their rates. The London Guildhall was established around 1120. For the Scottish municipal equivalent see tolbooth. List of guildhalls in the United Kingdom *Andover Guildhall * Barnstaple Guildhall * Bath Guildhall * Beverley Guildhall *Bewdley Guildhall * Blakeney Guildhall * Boston Guildhall * Brecon Guildhall * Bristol Guildhall * Bury St Edmunds Guildha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arte Di Calimala
The Arte di Calimala, the guild of the cloth finishers and merchants in foreign cloth, was one of the greater guilds of Florence, the ''Arti Maggiori'', who arrogated to themselves the civic power of the Republic of Florence during the Late Middle Ages. The ascendancy of the''Calimala''ran from the organization of Florentine guilds, each with its ''gonfaloniere'' in the thirteenth century, until the rise of the Medici usurped all other communal powers in the fifteenth century. Their presence is commemorated in the via di Calimala, leading away from the city's Roman forum (now Piazza della Republica) through the Mercato Nuovo to the former city gate, the Por Santa Maria, as the Roman ''cardo''; the main street, as old as Florence itself, was a prime location for trade, even though, unpaved, crowded, and much narrower than its present state, it was truly a ''callis malis,'' an "ill passage-way". The name ''Calimala'' is of great antiquity and obscure etymology. Though the original ea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guild
A guild ( ) is an association of artisans and merchants who oversee the practice of their craft/trade in a particular area. The earliest types of guild formed as organizations of tradesmen belonging to a professional association. They sometimes depended on grants of letters patent from a monarch or other ruler to enforce the flow of trade to their self-employed members, and to retain ownership of tools and the supply of materials, but were mostly regulated by the city government. A lasting legacy of traditional guilds are the guildhalls constructed and used as guild meeting-places. Guild members found guilty of cheating the public would be fined or banned from the guild. Typically the key "privilege" was that only guild members were allowed to sell their goods or practice their skill within the city. There might be controls on minimum or maximum prices, hours of trading, numbers of apprentices, and many other things. These rules reduced free competition, but sometimes mainta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albizzi
The Albizzi family () was a Florentine family originally based in Arezzo, who were rivals of the Medici and Alberti families. They were at the centre of Florentine oligarchy from 1382, in the reaction that followed the Ciompi revolt, to the rise of the Medici in 1434. They were active members of the Arte della Lana, Florence's wool guild. The Guilds played a central role in the governance of the Republic of Florence during the medieval period and guild members constituted Florence's political and economic oligarchy. The most famous and influential members of the family were Maso and his son Rinaldo degli Albizzi (1370–1442) who countered the rise of Cosimo de' Medici, exiling him in 1433. Luca, another son of Maso, was head of the Florentine galleys; his diary is an important source for historians. Luca was a loyal friend to Cosimo de' Medici. As a result, Luca was permitted to stay in Florence when the rest of his clan, including his brother, were exiled under the Medici ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Medieval Commune
Medieval communes in the European Middle Ages had sworn allegiances of mutual defense (both physical defense and of traditional freedoms) among the citizens of a town or city. These took many forms and varied widely in organization and makeup. Communes are first recorded in the late 11th and early 12th centuries, thereafter becoming a widespread phenomenon. They had greater development in central-northern Italy, where they became city-states based on partial democracy. At the same time in Germany they became free cities, independent from local nobility. Etymology The English and French word "commune" ( it, comune) appears in Latin records in various forms. They come from Medieval Latin , plural form of (that which is common, community, state), substantive noun from (common). Ultimately, the Proto-Indo-European root is ''*mey-'' (to change, exchange). When autonomy was won through violent uprising and overthrow, the commune was often called (a conspiracy) ( it, cospirazione ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guilds Of Florence
The guilds of Florence were secular corporations that controlled the arts and trades in Florence from the twelfth into the sixteenth century. These ''Arti'' included seven major guilds (collectively known as the ''Arti Maggiori''), five middle guilds (''Arti Mediane'') and nine minor guilds (''Arti Minori''). Their rigorous quality control and the political role in the commune that the ''Arti Maggiori'' assumed were formative influences in the history of Florence, which became one of the richest cities of late Medieval Europe. The '' popolo minuto''—skilled workers including weavers, spinners, dyers, boatmen, laborers, peddlers and others—despite constituting a majority of the population, were barred from forming guilds. Formation of the ''Arti'' The guilds, medieval institutions that organized every aspect of a city's economic life, formed a social network that complemented and in part compensated for family ties, although in Florence the welfare side of the guilds' activitie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arti Mediane
Arti may refer to: Companies and organizations * Arti et Amicitiae, a Dutch artist's society in Amsterdam * Arti Sacrum, a Dutch artists' society located in Rotterdam, Netherlands * ''Arti'', an alternative name for the Guilds of Florence * ARTİ (Azərbaycan Respublikasının Təhsil İnstitutu), the Institute of Education of the Republic of Azerbaijan Entertainment * ''Aarti'' (film), a 1962 Indian Bollywood film * Aarti Bajaj, Indian film editor * Aarti Chhabria (born 1982), Indian actress and a former model * Aarti Mann (born 1978), American actress in ''The Big Bang Theory'' * Aarti Puri (born 8 January), also known as ''Arthi Puri'', an Indian film and television actress * Aarti Singh, Indian television actress Places * Arti, Russia, an urban locality in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia * Arți, a village in Șugag Commune, Alba County, Romania * Arti, a village in Aurangabad district, Bihar, India Other uses * Arti (Hinduism), a Hindu ritual of worship ** Arthi (Balmiki), a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arti Minori
Arti may refer to: Companies and organizations * Arti et Amicitiae, a Dutch artist's society in Amsterdam * Arti Sacrum, a Dutch artists' society located in Rotterdam, Netherlands * ''Arti'', an alternative name for the Guilds of Florence * ARTİ (Azərbaycan Respublikasının Təhsil İnstitutu), the Institute of Education of the Republic of Azerbaijan Entertainment * ''Aarti'' (film), a 1962 Indian Bollywood film * Aarti Bajaj, Indian film editor * Aarti Chhabria (born 1982), Indian actress and a former model * Aarti Mann (born 1978), American actress in ''The Big Bang Theory'' * Aarti Puri (born 8 January), also known as ''Arthi Puri'', an Indian film and television actress * Aarti Singh, Indian television actress Places * Arti, Russia, an urban locality in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia * Arți, a village in Șugag Commune, Alba County, Romania * Arti, a village in Aurangabad district, Bihar, India Other uses * Arti (Hinduism), a Hindu ritual of worship ** Arthi (Balmiki), a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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