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Aquacidia
''Aquacidia'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Pilocarpaceae. It has three species, which occur in Europe and North America. The genus was circumscribed in 2018 by André Aptroot to contain a small group of ''Bacidia'' species that formed a distinct lineage in the Pilocarpaceae. The type species is '' Aquacidia trachona'', a lichen that was originally described in 1803 by Erik Acharius as ''Verrucaria trachona''. The genus name ''Aquacidia'' refers to the habitat of the species, which is typically on rocks near water. Lichens in this genus can form thalli that cover vast areas of substrate. For example, in Holland, the lichens can form large colonies in sheltered rock crevices between boulders in dikes Dyke (UK) or dike (US) may refer to: General uses * Dyke (slang), a slang word meaning "lesbian" * Dike (geology), a subvertical sheet-like intrusion of magma or sediment * Dike (mythology), ''Dikē'', the Greek goddess of moral justice * Dikes, .... Species * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aquacidia Antricola
''Aquacidia'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Pilocarpaceae. It has three species, which occur in Europe and North America. The genus was circumscribed in 2018 by André Aptroot to contain a small group of ''Bacidia'' species that formed a distinct lineage in the Pilocarpaceae. The type species is '' Aquacidia trachona'', a lichen that was originally described in 1803 by Erik Acharius as ''Verrucaria trachona''. The genus name ''Aquacidia'' refers to the habitat of the species, which is typically on rocks near water. Lichens in this genus can form thalli that cover vast areas of substrate. For example, in Holland, the lichens can form large colonies in sheltered rock crevices between boulders in dikes Dyke (UK) or dike (US) may refer to: General uses * Dyke (slang), a slang word meaning "lesbian" * Dike (geology), a subvertical sheet-like intrusion of magma or sediment * Dike (mythology), ''Dikē'', the Greek goddess of moral justice * Dikes, .... Speci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aquacidia Viridifarinosa
''Aquacidia'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Pilocarpaceae. It has three species, which occur in Europe and North America. The genus was circumscribed in 2018 by André Aptroot to contain a small group of ''Bacidia'' species that formed a distinct lineage in the Pilocarpaceae. The type species is '' Aquacidia trachona'', a lichen that was originally described in 1803 by Erik Acharius as ''Verrucaria trachona''. The genus name ''Aquacidia'' refers to the habitat of the species, which is typically on rocks near water. Lichens in this genus can form thalli that cover vast areas of substrate. For example, in Holland, the lichens can form large colonies in sheltered rock crevices between boulders in dikes. Species *''Aquacidia antricola ''Aquacidia'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Pilocarpaceae. It has three species, which occur in Europe and North America. The genus was circumscribed in 2018 by André Aptroot to contain a small group of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aquacidia Trachona
''Aquacidia'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Pilocarpaceae. It has three species, which occur in Europe and North America. The genus was circumscribed in 2018 by André Aptroot to contain a small group of ''Bacidia'' species that formed a distinct lineage in the Pilocarpaceae. The type species is '' Aquacidia trachona'', a lichen that was originally described in 1803 by Erik Acharius as ''Verrucaria trachona''. The genus name ''Aquacidia'' refers to the habitat of the species, which is typically on rocks near water. Lichens in this genus can form thalli that cover vast areas of substrate. For example, in Holland, the lichens can form large colonies in sheltered rock crevices between boulders in dikes. Species *''Aquacidia antricola'' *'' Aquacidia trachona'' *''Aquacidia viridifarinosa ''Aquacidia'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Pilocarpaceae. It has three species, which occur in Europe and North America. The genus was circumscrib ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pilocarpaceae
The Pilocarpaceae are a family of crustose lichens in the order Lecanorales. The species of this family have a cosmopolitan distribution and have been found in a variety of climatic regions. Pilocarpaceae was circumscribed by Alexander Zahlbruckner in Adolf Engler's influential 1905 work ''Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien''. Description Pilocarpaceae species are crustose and have ascomata in the form of an brightly-coloured apothecium with a poorly-developed margin comprising loosely-intertwined hyphae. The ascospores are hyaline and often elongated with one or more septa. Genera Pilocarpaceae contains 32 genera and an estimated 445 species. The following list shows the genera, authority, year of publication, and number of species as of 2020 (unless a newer source is cited). *'' Aquacidia'' – 3 spp. *'' Badimiella'' – 1 sp. *'' Baflavia'' – 1 sp. *'' Bapalmuia'' – 22 spp. *'' Barubria'' – 2 spp. *'' Brasilicia'' – 6 spp. *'' Bryogomphus'' – 1 sp. *'' Bysso ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
André Aptroot
André Aptroot (Heemskerk, 1961) is a Dutch mycologist and lichenologist. In 1993 he did his PhD at the University of Utrecht under the supervision of Robbert Gradstein (nl). His dissertation was titled "Systematic studies on pyrenocarpous lichens and related fungi". He specializes in fungi and lichens on which he has several hundreds of publications to his name. He has worked as curator at Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures (now Westerdijk Institute). Aptroot is the founder of the Consultancy for Bryology and Lichenology, which is located in Soest where there is a herbarium with a collection of lichens mainly from the Netherlands and the tropics. From 2008 he has been collection manager at Pinetum Blijdenstein (nl) in Hilversum. He is a member of the International Association for Lichenology and the American Bryological and Lichenological Society. He is a visiting professor at the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul in Campo Grande, Brazil. Because of Aptroot's bro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erik Acharius
Erik Acharius (10 October 1757 – 14 August 1819) was a Swedish botanist who pioneered the taxonomy of lichens and is known as the "father of lichenology." Acharius was famously the last pupil of Carl Linnaeus. Life Acharius was born in 1757 to Johan Eric Acharius and Catharina Margaretha Hagtorn in Gävle.Sernander., K. “Erik Acharius - Svenskt Biografiskt Lexikon.” Fredrik Teodor Borg - Svenskt Biografiskt Lexikon, sok.riksarkivet.se/sbl/Presentation.aspx?id=5503. He received a private education until he was admitted to Gävle Gymnasium in 1770. Later he matriculated at Uppsala University in 1773 where he studied natural history and medicine under Linnaeus and was the last student to defend a dissertation before him.Thell, A., Kärnefelt, I., Seaward, M., & Westberg, M. (Eds.) (2013). In the footsteps of Erik Acharius. 20th biennial meeting of the Nordic Lichen Society. Vadstena 11–15 August 2013. Programme and Abstracts. Nordic Lichen Society. Acharius's dissert ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lecanorales Genera
The Lecanorales are an order of mostly lichen-forming fungi belonging to the class Lecanoromycetes in the division Ascomycota. The order contains 26 families, 269 genera, and 5695 species. Families * Aphanopsidaceae * Biatorellaceae * Brigantiaeaceae * Bruceomycetaceae * Carbonicolaceae * Catillariaceae * Cladoniaceae * Crocyniaceae * Dactylosporaceae * Gypsoplacaceae * Haematommataceae * Lecanoraceae * Malmideaceae * Pachyascaceae * Parmeliaceae * Pilocarpaceae * Psilolechiaceae * Psoraceae * Ramalinaceae * Ramboldiaceae * Scoliciosporaceae * Sphaerophoraceae * Stereocaulaceae * Tephromelataceae * Vezdaeaceae Genera of uncertain placement There are several genera in the Lecanorales that have not been placed with certainty into any family. These are: *'' Coronoplectrum'' – 1 sp. *'' Ivanpisutia'' – 1 sp. *'' Joergensenia'' – 1 sp. *'' Myochroidea'' – 4 spp. *'' Neopsoromopsis'' – 1 sp. *''Psoromella ''Psoromella'' is a genus of lichenized fungi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lichen Genera
A lichen ( , ) is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments of multiple fungi species in a mutualistic relationship.Introduction to Lichens – An Alliance between Kingdoms . University of California Museum of Paleontology. Lichens have properties different from those of their component organisms. They come in many colors, sizes, and forms and are sometimes plant-like, but are not s. They may have tiny, leafless branches (); flat leaf-like structures ( |
Levee
A levee (), dike (American English), dyke (English in the Commonwealth of Nations, Commonwealth English), embankment, floodbank, or stop bank is a structure that is usually soil, earthen and that often runs parallel (geometry), parallel to the course of a river in its floodplain or along low-lying coastlines. The purpose of a levee is to keep the course of rivers from changing and to protect against flooding of the area adjoining the river or coast. Levees can be naturally occurring ridge structures that form next to the bank of a river, or be an artificially constructed fill dirt, fill or wall that regulates water levels. Ancient civilizations in the Indus Valley civilisation, Indus Valley, ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia and China all built levees. Today, levees can be found around the world, and failures of levees due to erosion or other causes can be major disasters. Etymology Speakers of American English (notably in the Midwestern United States, Midwest and Deep South) u ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Colony (biology)
In biology, a colony is composed of two or more conspecific individuals living in close association with, or connected to, one another. This association is usually for mutual benefit such as stronger defense or the ability to attack bigger prey. Colonies can form in various shapes and ways depending on the organism involved. For instance, the bacterial colony is a cluster of identical cells (clones). These colonies often form and grow on the surface of (or within) a solid medium, usually derived from a single parent cell. Colonies, in the context of development, may be composed of two or more unitary (or solitary) organisms or be modular organisms. Unitary organisms have determinate development (set life stages) from zygote to adult form and individuals or groups of individuals (colonies) are visually distinct. Modular organisms have indeterminate growth forms (life stages not set) through repeated iteration of genetically identical modules (or individuals), and it can be diffic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Substrate (biology)
In biology, a substrate is the surface on which an organism (such as a plant, fungus, or animal) lives. A substrate can include biotic or abiotic materials and animals. For example, encrusting algae that lives on a rock (its substrate) can be itself a substrate for an animal that lives on top of the algae. Inert substrates are used as growing support materials in the hydroponic cultivation of plants. In biology substrates are often activated by the nanoscopic process of substrate presentation. In agriculture and horticulture * Cellulose substrate * Expanded clay aggregate (LECA) * Rock wool * Potting soil * Soil In animal biotechnology Requirements for animal cell and tissue culture Requirements for animal cell and tissue culture are the same as described for plant cell, tissue and organ culture (In Vitro Culture Techniques: The Biotechnological Principles). Desirable requirements are (i) air conditioning of a room, (ii) hot room with temperature recorder, (iii) microscope r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thallus
Thallus (plural: thalli), from Latinized Greek (), meaning "a green shoot" or "twig", is the vegetative tissue of some organisms in diverse groups such as algae, fungi, some liverworts, lichens, and the Myxogastria. Many of these organisms were previously known as the thallophytes, a polyphyletic group of distantly related organisms. An organism or structure resembling a thallus is called thalloid, thallodal, thalliform, thalline, or thallose. A thallus usually names the entire body of a multicellular non-moving organism in which there is no organization of the tissues into organs. Even though thalli do not have organized and distinct parts (leaves, roots, and stems) as do the vascular plants, they may have analogous structures that resemble their vascular "equivalents". The analogous structures have similar function or macroscopic structure, but different microscopic structure; for example, no thallus has vascular tissue. In exceptional cases such as the Lemnoideae, where ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
