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Aponileus
''Aponileus'' is an extinct genus of trilobites. Chung-Hung Hu circumscribed the genus in 1963. The genus was once considered a junior subjective synonym of the genus '' Psephosthenaspis'' but it is considered to be a distinct genus again. , fossils have been found in Greenland, Texas, and Utah. They all date to the Upper Floian (Blackhillsian) within the Ordovician Period. Taxonomic history ''Aponileus'' was initially circumscribed by Chung-Hung Hu in 1963. The type species is ''A. latus'', also described by Hu in 1963. The type material was poorly preserved. Hu initially said that ''Aponileus'' is "most like '' Nileus''", i.e., treating it as a nileid. Subsequently, this genus received "virtually no mention" in the trilobite literature for many years, aside from C. P. Hughes's 1979 assessment that two specimens which Lehi F. Hintze had tentatively assigned to '' Barrandia'' in 1953 should be placed in ''Aponileus''. In 2003, Jonathan M. Adrain synonymized ''Aponileus'' with ' ...
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Aponileus Laikaae
''Aponileus'' is an extinct genus of trilobites. Chung-Hung Hu circumscribed the genus in 1963. The genus was once considered a junior subjective synonym of the genus '' Psephosthenaspis'' but it is considered to be a distinct genus again. , fossils have been found in Greenland, Texas, and Utah. They all date to the Upper Floian (Blackhillsian) within the Ordovician Period. Taxonomic history ''Aponileus'' was initially circumscribed by Chung-Hung Hu in 1963. The type species is ''A. latus'', also described by Hu in 1963. The type material was poorly preserved. Hu initially said that ''Aponileus'' is "most like '' Nileus''", i.e., treating it as a nileid. Subsequently, this genus received "virtually no mention" in the trilobite literature for many years, aside from C. P. Hughes's 1979 assessment that two specimens which Lehi F. Hintze had tentatively assigned to '' Barrandia'' in 1953 should be placed in ''Aponileus''. In 2003, Jonathan M. Adrain synonymized ''Aponileus'' with ' ...
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Aponileus Glaber
''Aponileus'' is an extinct genus of trilobites. Chung-Hung Hu circumscribed the genus in 1963. The genus was once considered a junior subjective synonym of the genus '' Psephosthenaspis'' but it is considered to be a distinct genus again. , fossils have been found in Greenland, Texas, and Utah. They all date to the Upper Floian (Blackhillsian) within the Ordovician Period. Taxonomic history ''Aponileus'' was initially circumscribed by Chung-Hung Hu in 1963. The type species is ''A. latus'', also described by Hu in 1963. The type material was poorly preserved. Hu initially said that ''Aponileus'' is "most like '' Nileus''", i.e., treating it as a nileid. Subsequently, this genus received "virtually no mention" in the trilobite literature for many years, aside from C. P. Hughes's 1979 assessment that two specimens which Lehi F. Hintze had tentatively assigned to '' Barrandia'' in 1953 should be placed in ''Aponileus''. In 2003, Jonathan M. Adrain synonymized ''Aponileus'' with ' ...
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Aponileus Aasei
''Aponileus'' is an extinct genus of trilobites. Chung-Hung Hu circumscribed the genus in 1963. The genus was once considered a junior subjective synonym of the genus '' Psephosthenaspis'' but it is considered to be a distinct genus again. , fossils have been found in Greenland, Texas, and Utah. They all date to the Upper Floian (Blackhillsian) within the Ordovician Period. Taxonomic history ''Aponileus'' was initially circumscribed by Chung-Hung Hu in 1963. The type species is ''A. latus'', also described by Hu in 1963. The type material was poorly preserved. Hu initially said that ''Aponileus'' is "most like '' Nileus''", i.e., treating it as a nileid. Subsequently, this genus received "virtually no mention" in the trilobite literature for many years, aside from C. P. Hughes's 1979 assessment that two specimens which Lehi F. Hintze had tentatively assigned to '' Barrandia'' in 1953 should be placed in ''Aponileus''. In 2003, Jonathan M. Adrain synonymized ''Aponileus'' with ' ...
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Aponileus Latus
''Aponileus'' is an extinct genus of trilobites. Chung-Hung Hu circumscribed the genus in 1963. The genus was once considered a junior subjective synonym of the genus '' Psephosthenaspis'' but it is considered to be a distinct genus again. , fossils have been found in Greenland, Texas, and Utah. They all date to the Upper Floian (Blackhillsian) within the Ordovician Period. Taxonomic history ''Aponileus'' was initially circumscribed by Chung-Hung Hu in 1963. The type species is ''A. latus'', also described by Hu in 1963. The type material was poorly preserved. Hu initially said that ''Aponileus'' is "most like '' Nileus''", i.e., treating it as a nileid. Subsequently, this genus received "virtually no mention" in the trilobite literature for many years, aside from C. P. Hughes's 1979 assessment that two specimens which Lehi F. Hintze had tentatively assigned to '' Barrandia'' in 1953 should be placed in ''Aponileus''. In 2003, Jonathan M. Adrain synonymized ''Aponileus'' with ' ...
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Soviet Space Dogs
During the 1950s and 1960s the Soviet space program used dogs for sub-orbital and orbital space flights to determine whether human spaceflight was feasible. In this period, the Soviet Union launched missions with passenger slots for at least 57 dogs. The number of dogs in space is smaller, as some dogs flew more than once. Most survived; the few that died were lost mostly through technical failures, according to the parameters of the test. A notable exception is Laika, the first animal to be sent into orbit, whose death during the 3 November 1957 Sputnik 2 mission was expected from its outset. Training Dogs were the preferred animal for the experiments because scientists felt dogs were well suited to endure long periods of inactivity. As part of their training, they were confined in small boxes for 15–20 days at a time. Stray dogs, rather than animals accustomed to living in a house, were chosen because the scientists felt they would be able to tolerate the rigorous and ...
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Millard County, Utah
Millard County ( ) is a county in the U.S. state of Utah. As of the 2010 United States Census, the population was 12,503. Its county seat is Fillmore, and the largest city is Delta. History The Utah Territory legislature created the county on October 4, 1851, with territory not previously covered by county creations and including some area in the future state of Nevada. It was named for the thirteenth US President Millard Fillmore, who was in office then. Fillmore was designated as the county seat. The county boundaries were altered in 1852 and again in 1854. On March 2, 1861, the US government created the Nevada Territory, which effectively de-annexed the described portion of Millard County falling in that Territorial Proclamation. The county boundary was further altered in 1862, 1866, 1888, and in 1919. In 1921 a boundary adjustment with Sevier brought Millard to its present configuration. Fillmore, located near the geographic center of the territory, was originally built a ...
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Confusion Range
The Confusion Range is a north-south trending mountain range in west-central Utah, United States. It is bounded by Snake Valley to the west, Tule Valley to the east, the Great Salt Lake Desert to the north, and the Ferguson Desert to the south. The range trends into the Burbank Hills, Mountain Home Range, and the Wah Wah Mountains to the south. In the central part of the range, an offshoot of the mountains to the west is known as the Conger Range. The Confusion Range is named for its "rugged isolation and confusing topography."Van Cott, J. W., 1990, Utah Place Names, The highest peaks in the range are Conger Mountain , which is 7,713 feet tall, and King Top , which is 8,350 feet tall. The geology of the Confusion range is deformed Silurian to Permian limestones, dolomites, and shales.Chronic, Halka, 1990, Roadside Geology of Utah, There are three main ways to travel through the Confusion Range: *Around the north end, from Callao, Utah to Sand Pass *On old Highway 6/50, ...
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Washington Land
Washington Land is a peninsula in northwestern Greenland. It is a part of the Avannaata municipality. Washington Land was explored in the 19th century. Traditionally it was one of the hunting grounds of the Inuit, but there are archaeological remains of more permanent human habitation in ancient times. Geography Washington Land is located to the west of Daugaard-Jensen Land, between the Kane Basin in the west and northwest and Peabody Bay in the south. Crozier Island, Franklin Island and Hans Island are located off Lafayette Bay in its NW shore. The Cass Fjord forms the peninsula's southeastern coastline, across which is the Humboldt Glacier and beyond it Inglefield Land. The Aleqatsiaq Fjord forms the limit of its northern shore. Cape Jackson is Washington Land's south-westernmost headland and protrudes at the junction of the Kennedy Channel and the Kane Basin.''Prostar Sailing Directions 2005 Greenland and Iceland Enroute,'' p. 92 The northernmost headland is Cape Bryan.''P ...
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Franklin Mountains (Texas)
The Franklin Mountains of Texas ( es, Sierras de los Mansos) are a small range long, wide that extend from El Paso, Texas north into New Mexico. The Franklins were formed due to crustal extension related to the Cenozoic Rio Grande rift. Although the present topography of the range and adjoining basins is controlled by extension during rifting in the last 10 million years, faults within the range also record deformation during the Laramide orogeny, between 85 and 45 million years ago. The highest peak is North Franklin Peak at . Much of the range is part of the Franklin Mountains State Park. The mountains are composed primarily of sedimentary rock with some igneous intrusions. Geologists refer to them as tilted-block fault mountains and in them can be found 1.25 billion-year-old Precambrian rocks, the oldest in Texas. __NOTOC__ Gallery File:Richardson 1908 FranklinMts.jpg, View of the south end of Franklin Mountains from El Paso, showing the abrupt termination of the range, ...
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El Paso Formation
The El Paso Formation is a geologic formation that is exposed from the Permian Basin of New Mexico and Texas to southeastern Arizona. It preserves fossils dating back to the Ordovician period. Description The formation is composed of gray cherty dolomite, limestone, and smaller amounts of siltstone. The formation often has a mottled appearance. Total thickness is . It lies unconformably on the Bliss Formation, the Coronado Sandstone, or (in the Florida Mountains) Precambrian basement, and is overlain by the Montoya Group or Portal Formation. Fossils The formation is only sparsely fossiliferous, but contains fossils of echinoderms, gastropods, trilobites, sponge spicules, and ''Nuia''. Rare ostracods, cephalopods, and brachiopods are also found, as is the trace fossil ''Planolites''. Bioherms up to high are found in the McKelligon Member, built up of siliceous sponges and receptaculitid '' Calathium''. History of investigation The formation was first named by George Burr Ri ...
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Lower Ordovician
The Ordovician ( ) is a geologic period and system, the second of six periods of the Paleozoic Era. The Ordovician spans 41.6 million years from the end of the Cambrian Period million years ago (Mya) to the start of the Silurian Period Mya. The Ordovician, named after the Welsh tribe of the Ordovices, was defined by Charles Lapworth in 1879 to resolve a dispute between followers of Adam Sedgwick and Roderick Murchison, who were placing the same rock beds in North Wales in the Cambrian and Silurian systems, respectively. Lapworth recognized that the fossil fauna in the disputed strata were different from those of either the Cambrian or the Silurian systems, and placed them in a system of their own. The Ordovician received international approval in 1960 (forty years after Lapworth's death), when it was adopted as an official period of the Paleozoic Era by the International Geological Congress. Life continued to flourish during the Ordovician as it did in the earlier Cambrian Peri ...
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Basal (phylogenetics)
In phylogenetics, basal is the direction of the ''base'' (or root) of a phylogenetic tree#Rooted tree, rooted phylogenetic tree or cladogram. The term may be more strictly applied only to nodes adjacent to the root, or more loosely applied to nodes regarded as being close to the root. Note that extant taxa that lie on branches connecting directly to the root are not more closely related to the root than any other extant taxa. While there must always be two or more equally "basal" clades sprouting from the root of every cladogram, those clades may differ widely in taxonomic rank, Phylogenetic diversity, species diversity, or both. If ''C'' is a basal clade within ''D'' that has the lowest rank of all basal clades within ''D'', ''C'' may be described as ''the'' basal taxon of that rank within ''D''. The concept of a 'key innovation' implies some degree of correlation between evolutionary innovation and cladogenesis, diversification. However, such a correlation does not make a given ca ...
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