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Antonio Crutta
Antonio Crutta ( pl, Crutta Łukasz Antoni, 1727June 11, 1812) was a diplomat and politician in the Polish court for around 30 years in the reign of Stanisław August Poniatowski. For his services, to the Polish state he was ennobled in 1792. Life and family His father was Albanian and descended from the Albanian Kruta (Kryethi) tribe. His mother was Italian. The family has established themselves in Pera since 1693. They were known to serve Russian, French, English, Polish and Venetian embassies as interpreters. Another member of the family titled "''Doctor Crutta''" or "''Signor Crutta''" is mentioned as a dragoman and chancellor in service of the British embassy between 1745 and 1764 in the European colony of Larnaca. Crutta entered early in the service of Poland on January 1, 1748, as the chancellor of the Republic of Venice in Larnaca in Cyprus. He worked in Cyprus until 1765 when he arrived through the British ambassador to Constantinople to transmit his offers to the Ki ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lewiczyn, Grójec County
Lewiczyn is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Belsk Duży, within Grójec County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately south-east of Belsk Duży, south of Grójec, and south of Warsaw Warsaw ( pl, Warszawa, ), officially the Capital City of Warsaw,, abbreviation: ''m.st. Warszawa'' is the capital and largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the River Vistula in east-central Poland, and its population is officia .... References Villages in Grójec County {{Grójec-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nikolai Vasilyeich Repnin
Prince Nikolai Vasilyevich Repnin (russian: Никола́й Васи́льевич Репни́н; – ) was an Imperial Russian statesman and general from the Repnin princely family who played a key role in the dissolution of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Rule of Poland Born in Saint Petersburg, Prince Repnin served in the Imperial Army under his father, Prince Vasily Anikitovich Repnin, during the Rhenish campaign of 1748, and subsequently resided for some time abroad, where he acquired "a thoroughly sound German education." He also participated, in a subordinate capacity, in the Seven Years' War. In 1763, Emperor Peter III sent him to Prussia as ambassador. The same year, Catherine transferred him to Poland as minister plenipotentiary; in Warsaw he was rumored to have had an affair with Izabela Fleming (and to have fathered Adam Jerzy Czartoryski).LeDonne, p.210 Due to the level of Russian control of the Polish government, Repnin was the effective ruler of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albanian Diplomats
Albanian may refer to: *Pertaining to Albania in Southeast Europe; in particular: **Albanians, an ethnic group native to the Balkans **Albanian language **Albanian culture **Demographics of Albania, includes other ethnic groups within the country *Pertaining to other places: **Albania (other) **Albany (other) **St Albans (other) *Albanian cattle *Albanian horse *''The Albanian'', a 2010 German-Albanian film See also * *Olbanian language *Albani people *Albaniana (other) *Alba (other) Alba is the Scottish Gaelic name for Scotland. Alba or ALBA may also refer to: Arts, entertainment and media Fictional characters * Alba ''(Darkstalkers)'', a character in the Japanese video game * Alba (''The Time Traveler's Wife''), a chara ... {{Disambiguation Language and nationality disambiguation pages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
19th-century Albanian People
The 19th (nineteenth) century began on 1 January 1801 ( MDCCCI), and ended on 31 December 1900 ( MCM). The 19th century was the ninth century of the 2nd millennium. The 19th century was characterized by vast social upheaval. Slavery was abolished in much of Europe and the Americas. The First Industrial Revolution, though it began in the late 18th century, expanding beyond its British homeland for the first time during this century, particularly remaking the economies and societies of the Low Countries, the Rhineland, Northern Italy, and the Northeastern United States. A few decades later, the Second Industrial Revolution led to ever more massive urbanization and much higher levels of productivity, profit, and prosperity, a pattern that continued into the 20th century. The Islamic gunpowder empires fell into decline and European imperialism brought much of South Asia, Southeast Asia, and almost all of Africa under colonial rule. It was also marked by the collapse of the large ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
18th-century Albanian People
The 18th century lasted from January 1, 1701 ( MDCCI) to December 31, 1800 ( MDCCC). During the 18th century, elements of Enlightenment thinking culminated in the American, French, and Haitian Revolutions. During the century, slave trading and human trafficking expanded across the shores of the Atlantic, while declining in Russia, China, and Korea. Revolutions began to challenge the legitimacy of monarchical and aristocratic power structures, including the structures and beliefs that supported slavery. The Industrial Revolution began during mid-century, leading to radical changes in human society and the environment. Western historians have occasionally defined the 18th century otherwise for the purposes of their work. For example, the "short" 18th century may be defined as 1715–1789, denoting the period of time between the death of Louis XIV of France and the start of the French Revolution, with an emphasis on directly interconnected events. To historians who expand ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1812 Deaths
Year 181 ( CLXXXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Aurelius and Burrus (or, less frequently, year 934 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 181 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire * Imperator Lucius Aurelius Commodus and Lucius Antistius Burrus become Roman Consuls. * The Antonine Wall is overrun by the Picts in Britannia (approximate date). Oceania * The volcano associated with Lake Taupō in New Zealand erupts, one of the largest on Earth in the last 5,000 years. The effects of this eruption are seen as far away as Rome and China. Births * April 2 – Xian of Han, Chinese emperor (d. 234) * Zhuge Liang, Chinese chancellor and regent (d. 234) Deaths * Aelius Aristides, Greek orator and w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bellotto Election Of Stanislas Augustus
Bellotto is a surname, which may refer to: * Antonio "Tony" (Carlos Liberalli) Bellotto (born 1960), a Brazilian musician (guitarist) and writer * Bernardo Bellotto (1720 - 1780), a Venetian landscape painter or vedutista, and printmaker * Ettore Bellotto (1895 - 1966), an Italian gymnast * Niko Bellotto, an Argentine solo electronic musician * Pietro Bellotto can refer to one of two painters ** Pietro Bellotti (1625–1700) Baroque portrait painter from Venice and Bolzano. ** younger brother of Bernardo Bellotto, a second Pietro Bellotto (1725-c. 1805) was a Venetian vedute painter, active for years in France {{surname, Bellotto * Sam Bellotto Sam, SAM or variants may refer to: Places * Sam, Benin * Sam, Boulkiemdé, Burkina Faso * Sam, Bourzanga, Burkina Faso * Sam, Kongoussi, Burkina Faso * Sam, Iran * Sam, Teton County, Idaho, United States, a populated place People and fictional ... science fiction writer editor and developer of Crossdown software. Italian-language s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wieniawa Coat Of Arms
Wieniawa is a Polish coat of arms. It was used by several noble, in Polish language szlachta families in the times of medieval Poland and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. History The Wieniawa coat of arms originated from Moravia in the 11th century. First record is from 1382 (a seal). Blazon English blazon: "'' Or, an ox head sable with a nose ring of the first in chief.''" Notable bearers Notable bearers of this coat of arms include: * Jerzy Białłozor * Bolesław Wieniawa-Długoszowski * House of Leszczyński ** Stanisław I Leszczyński ** Maria Leszczyńska ** Bogusław Leszczyński ** Rafał Leszczyński * Jan Długosz historian * Denis Zubrytsky (1777–1862), Ukrainian historian Gallery Variations file:Coat of Arms of Stanislaus Leszczynski as king of Poland.svg, file:Marie Leczsinska.png, file:Herb Leszczyński.png, file:POL COA Ryc.svg, file:Herb Wieniawa II.png, file:Herb Wieniawa III.png, file:Herb Szczepanowski.png, file:Kołaczkowski-herb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rzeczpospolita
() is the official name of Poland and a traditional name for some of its predecessor states. It is a compound of "thing, matter" and "common", a calque of Latin ''rés pública'' ( "thing" + "public, common"), i.e. ''republic'', in English also rendered as ''commonwealth'' (historic) and ''republic'' (current). In Poland, the word is used exclusively in relation to the Republic of Poland, while any other republic is referred to in Polish as a , e.g., French Republic – pl, Republika Francuska. Origins The term has been used in Poland since the beginning of the 16th century. It was adapted for Poland, as it at that time had a unique republican system, similar to the former Roman . The famous quote by Jan Zamoyski, the Lord Chancellor of the Crown, on the importance of education is an example of its use: The meaning of is well described by the term ''commonwealth''. As a result, the literal meaning of is "Polish Commonwealth", or "Republic of Poland". Although the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russo-Turkish War (1787–1792)
The Russo-Turkish War of 1787–1792 involved an unsuccessful attempt by the Ottoman Empire to regain lands lost to the Russian Empire in the course of the previous Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774). It took place concomitantly with the Austro-Turkish War (1788–1791), Russo-Swedish War (1788–1790) and Theatre War. Background In May and June 1787, Catherine II of Russia made a triumphal procession through New Russia and the annexed Crimea in company with her ally, Holy Roman Emperor Joseph II. These events, the rumors about Catherine's Greek Plan, and the friction caused by the mutual complaints of infringements of the Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca, which had ended the previous war, stirred up public opinion in Constantinople, while the British and French ambassadors lent their unconditional support to the Ottoman war party. War In 1787, the Ottomans demanded that the Russians evacuate the Crimea and give up their holdings near the Black Sea, which Russia saw as a '' cas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Château Des Tours
The Château des Tours is a château in the commune of Montagne in the Gironde department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region of south-western France. History "The Château de Montagne does not go beyond the 14th century. At that time it had three towers: one had a polygonal interior and was the dungeon, and the others were circular flanking an oblong building on the east and west corners of its south face; then, at the same corners on the north face, there are sentry boxes with Corbels. The oldest part is in the south of the present castle and is also a little higher. The dungeon with its machicolation and its Corbels covered by a dome dominates the whole mansion. North of the original castle there was a courtyard formed by the castle and crenellated walls outside with wide and deep ditches below. These ditches remain but the walls were replaced in the 16th century by rectangular buildings. At the east and west corners of the north facade there are two round towers, less high th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, formally known as the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and, after 1791, as the Commonwealth of Poland, was a bi-confederal state, sometimes called a federation, of Crown of the Kingdom of Poland, Poland and Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Lithuania ruled by a common Monarchy, monarch in real union, who was both King of Poland and List of Lithuanian monarchs, Grand Duke of Lithuania. It was one of the largest and most populous countries of 16th- to 17th-century Europe. At its largest territorial extent, in the early 17th century, the Commonwealth covered almost and as of 1618 sustained a multi-ethnic population of almost 12 million. Polish language, Polish and Latin were the two co-official languages. The Commonwealth was established by the Union of Lublin in July 1569, but the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania had been in a ''de facto'' personal union since 1386 with the marriage of the Polish ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
