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Annalena Tonelli
Annalena Tonelli (2 April 1943 – 5 October 2003) was an Italian Catholic lay missionary and social activist. She worked for 33 years in East Africa, where she focused on tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment, campaigns for eradication of female genital mutilation, and special schools for hearing-impaired, blind and disabled children. In June 2003, Tonelli was awarded the Nansen Refugee Award, which is given annually by the UNHCR to recognize outstanding service to the cause of refugees. In October 2003, she was killed inside her hospital by two gunmen. She is a candidate for sainthood within the Catholic Church in Somalia. BiographyAnnalena Tonelliwas born in 1943 in Forlì, Italy. She studied Law, becoming a lawyer after graduation. After "six years of service to poor people of the suburbs, to orphan children, mentally or physically disabled or abused kids" of her own town, in 1969, the then 25-year-old Tonelli went to Africa supported by the ''Committee Again ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Forlì
Forlì ( , ; rgn, Furlè ; la, Forum Livii) is a ''comune'' (municipality) and city in Emilia-Romagna, Northern Italy, and is the capital of the province of Forlì-Cesena. It is the central city of Romagna. The city is situated along the Via Emilia, to the east of the Montone river, and is an important agricultural centre. The city hosts some of Italy's culturally and artistically significant landmarks; it is also notable as the birthplace of painters Melozzo da Forlì and Marco Palmezzano, humanist historian Flavio Biondo, physicians Geronimo Mercuriali and Giovanni Battista Morgagni. The University Campus of Forlì (part of the University of Bologna) is specialized in Economics, Engineering, Political Sciences as well as the Advanced school of Modern Languages for Interpreters and Translators (SSLMIT). Climate The climate of the area is humid subtropical (''Cfa'' in the Köppen climate classification) with Mediterranean features, fairly mitigated by the relative closeness ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kenya
) , national_anthem = "Ee Mungu Nguvu Yetu"() , image_map = , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Nairobi , coordinates = , largest_city = Nairobi , official_languages = Constitution (2009) Art. 7 ational, official and other languages"(1) The national language of the Republic is Swahili. (2) The official languages of the Republic are Swahili and English. (3) The State shall–-–- (a) promote and protect the diversity of language of the people of Kenya; and (b) promote the development and use of indigenous languages, Kenyan Sign language, Braille and other communication formats and technologies accessible to persons with disabilities." , languages_type = National language , languages = Swahili , ethnic_groups = , ethnic_groups_year = 2019 census , religion = , religion_year = 2019 census , demonym = ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Merca
Merca ( so, Marka, Maay Maay, Maay: ''Marky'', ar, مركة) is a historic port city in the southern Lower Shebelle province of Somalia. It is located approximately to the southwest of the nation's capital Mogadishu. Merca is the traditional home territory of the Bimaal, Bimal clan and was the center of the Bīmāl Revolt, Bimal Revolt or Bīmāl revolt, Merka Revolt.http://www.landinfo.no/asset/2736/1/2736_1.pdf Marka is the traditional home territory of the Dir clan Biimaal (Lewis 2008, p. 5). History Antiquity The city of Essina is believed to have been the predecessor state of Merca. It used to be an ancient Proto-Somali Marketplace, emporium city-state. It is mentioned in the ''Periplus of the Erythraean Sea'', a Greek travel document dating from the first century AD, as one of a series of commercial ports on the Somali littoral. According to the ''Periplus'', maritime trade already connected peoples in the Merca area with other communities along the Somali Sea coast. Mediev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Annalena Deaf School - Borama, Somaliland
Annalena is a feminine given name. Notable people with the name include: * Annalena Baerbock (born 1980), German politician * Annalena McAfee (born c. 1952), British children's author and journalist * Annalena Tonelli (1943–2003), Italian lawyer and social activist See also * Anna-Lena Anna-Lena is a feminine given name. Notable people with the name include: * Anna-Lena Axelsson (born 1956), Swedish orienteer * Anna-Lena Bergelin (born 1959), Swedish writer, comedian, singer, and actress * Anna-Lena Forster (born 1995), German ..., given name * Analena, Croatian-Slovenian post-hardcore band {{given name Feminine given names ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Somalia
Somalia, , Osmanya script: 𐒈𐒝𐒑𐒛𐒐𐒘𐒕𐒖; ar, الصومال, aṣ-Ṣūmāl officially the Federal Republic of SomaliaThe ''Federal Republic of Somalia'' is the country's name per Article 1 of thProvisional Constitution, (; ), is a country in the Horn of Africa. The country is bordered by Ethiopia to the west, Djibouti to the northwest, the Gulf of Aden to the north, the Indian Ocean to the east, and Kenya to the southwest. Somalia has the longest coastline on Africa's mainland. Its terrain consists mainly of plateaus, plains, and highlands. Hot conditions prevail year-round, with periodic monsoon winds and irregular rainfall. Somalia has an estimated population of around million, of which over 2 million live in the capital and largest city Mogadishu, and has been described as Africa's most culturally homogeneous country. Around 85% of its residents are ethnic Somalis, who have historically inhabited the country's north. Ethnic minorities are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barbara Lefkow
Barbara may refer to: People * Barbara (given name) * Barbara (painter) (1915–2002), pseudonym of Olga Biglieri, Italian futurist painter * Barbara (singer) (1930–1997), French singer * Barbara Popović (born 2000), also known mononymously as Barbara, Macedonian singer * Bárbara (footballer) (born 1988), Brazilian footballer Film and television * ''Barbara'' (1961 film), a West German film * ''Bárbara'' (film), a 1980 Argentine film * ''Barbara'' (1997 film), a Danish film directed by Nils Malmros, based on Jacobsen's novel * ''Barbara'' (2012 film), a German film * ''Barbara'' (2017 film), a French film * ''Barbara'' (TV series), a British sitcom Places * Barbara (Paris Métro), a metro station in Montrouge and Bagneux, France * Barbaria (region), or al-Barbara, an ancient region in Northeast Africa * Barbara, Arkansas, U.S. * Barbara, Gaza, a former Palestinian village near Gaza * Barbara, Marche, a town in Italy * Berbara, or al-Barbara, Lebanon * Berbara, Akkar D ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shifta
Shifta is a term used in East Africa meaning ''rebel'', ''outlaw'', or ''bandit''. The Swahili word was loaned from the Somali shufta during the Shifta War, which is in turn derived from Amharic ሽፍታ (šəfta). Historically, the shifta served as a local militia in particularly remote, rural and often lawless parts of the Horn of Africa. The word shifta can be translated as "bandit" or "outlaw", but can include anyone who rebels against an authority or an institution that is seen as illegitimate, like the Arbegnoch guerillas during the Italian occupation of Ethiopia. Concept The term shifta has positive and negative connotations, that of a common bandit and that of a revolutionary; both concepts being distinct, but not necessarily mutually exclusive. They are often considered as highly respected, politically minded outlaws struggling for social order or a political cause. When applied in this context, ''shiftinnet'' (being a shifta) in its diverse forms has a social function ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wagalla Massacre
The Wagalla massacre was a massacre of ethnic Somalis by the Kenyan Army on 10 February 1984 in Wajir County, Kenya. Daniel arap Moi opened barracks near Wagalla, where he brought soldiers to 'discipline the villagers irrespective of age'. Massacre Overview The massacre took place on 10 February 1984 at the Wagalla Airstrip against the Degoodi clan. It was facilitated by other Somali clans who spied and helped Kenyan troops. The facility is situated approximately 15 km (9 mi) west of the county capital of Wajir in the former North Eastern Province, a region primarily inhabited by the Somalis. Kenyan troops had descended on the area to reportedly help defuse clan-related conflict. However, according to eye-witness testimony, about 5,000 Somali men of were then taken to an airstrip and prevented from accessing water and food for five days before being executed by Kenyan soldiers. In 1984 former dictator president Siad Barre's of Somalia response to the Kenyan pres ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hawiye
The Hawiye ( so, Hawiye, ar, بنو هوية, it, Hauija) is the largest Somali clan family. Members of this clan traditionally inhabit central and southern Somalia, Somaliland, Ethiopia ( Somali, Harar, Oromia and Afar regions) and the North Eastern Province in Kenya. They are also the majority in the capital city, Mogadishu. Origins Like the great majority of Somali clans, the Hawiye trace their ancestry to Aqil ibn Abi Talib (),. a cousin of the prophet Muhammad () and an older brother of Ali ibn Abi Talib () and Ja'far ibn Abi Talib ().. They trace their lineage to Aqil through Samaale (the source of the name 'Somali'), the purported forefather of the northern pastoralist clans such as the Hawiye, the Dir, and –matrilineally through the Dir– the Isaq and the Darod. Although these genealogical claims are historically untenable, they do reflect the longstanding cultural contacts between Somalia (especially, though not exclusively, its most northern part Somalilan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clan
A clan is a group of people united by actual or perceived kinship and descent. Even if lineage details are unknown, clans may claim descent from founding member or apical ancestor. Clans, in indigenous societies, tend to be endogamous, meaning that their members can marry one another. Clans preceded more centralized forms of community organization and government, and exist in every country. Members may identify with a coat of arms or other symbol to show that they are an . Kinship-based groups may also have a symbolic ancestor, whereby the clan shares a "stipulated" common ancestor who serves as a symbol of the clan's unity. Etymology The English word "clan" is derived from old Irish meaning "children", "offspring", "progeny" or "descendants"; it is not from the word for "family" or "clan" in either Irish or Scottish Gaelic. According to the ''Oxford English Dictionary'', the word "clan" was introduced into English in around 1425, as a descriptive label for the organization ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Somali Sign Language
Somali Sign Language (SSL) is a sign language used by the deaf community in Somaliland and Djibouti. In the 1980s a school for the deaf was established in the Somali Kenyan town of Wajir by Annalena Tonelli. Students there became fluent in Kenyan Sign Language. In 1997, three graduates from Wajir helped establish the first school for the deaf in Somaliland called the Annalena School for the Deaf named after the late Annalena Tonelli, in Borama. One of the teachers at Boroma soon founded a school in Djibouti, and, with a bit more difficulty, another was established in Hargeisa. See also *Languages of Somaliland Most people in Somaliland speak at least two of the state's three official languages: Somali, Arabic, and English. Article 6 of the Constitution of 2001 designates the official languages of Somaliland to be Somali and English, though Arabic is a ... References {{Languages of Somalia Languages of Somaliland Languages of Djibouti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Directly Observed Treatment
Directly observed treatment, short-course (DOTS, also known as TB-DOTS) is the name given to the tuberculosis (TB) control strategy recommended by the World Health Organization. According to WHO, "The most cost-effective way to stop the spread of TB in communities with a high incidence is by curing it. The best curative method for TB is known as DOTS." DOTS has five main components: * Government commitment (including political will at all levels, and establishment of a centralized and prioritized system of TB monitoring, recording and training) * Case detection by sputum smear microscopy * Standardized treatment regimen directly of six to nine months observed by a healthcare worker or community health worker for at least the first two months * Drug supply * A standardized recording and reporting system that allows assessment of treatment results History The technical strategy for DOTS was developed by Karel Styblo of the International Union Against TB & Lung Disease in the 1970s a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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