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Andrzej Papierz
Andrzej Papierz (born 21 November 1966, in Frampol) is a Polish journalist and diplomat. He is the former Ambassador of Poland to Bulgaria (2007–2010), the Undersecretary of State at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (2018), and the Director General of the Foreign Service (2018–2021). Life Papierz holds M.A. in history from the University of Warsaw, he defended his thesis in 1999. During his studies, he was a board member of the Independent Students’ Association. He was also active in underground Solidarity. He was several times detained for political reasons. He was co-founder and one of the leaders of the Republican League. In 1990, Papierz became journalist at the Tygodnik Solidarność weekly. Between 1991 and 1993, he was working for the Office for State Protection, being responsible for analysing political situation in the states of then collapsing Soviet Union. In 1993, he returned to journalism. Following work for the Polish Radio, he worked for Polsat TV, Tel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frampol
Frampol is a town in Poland, in Biłgoraj County, Lublin Voivodeship. It has 1,431 inhabitants (December 2021), and lies in eastern Lesser Poland, near the Roztocze Upland. Frampol is surrounded by the '' Szczebrzeszyn Landscape Park'' and the Janów Lubelski Forest. The town is a junction of two local roads (the 74th and the 835th). The distance to Lublin is 68 kilometers. History The town was founded in 1717 by Count Marek Antoni Butler, with a unique, highly symmetric layout of streets in the shape of concentric rectangles around a large central square. Frampol lies in the area where once the village of ''Radzięcin'' existed. Its name, originally spelled ''Franopole'', comes from Franciszka née Szczuka, the wife of Count Butler. In 1735, the Jewish community of Frampol already had its own cemetery, and in 1740, Józef Butler funded a wooden church, which since 1778 exists as a separate parish. In the second half of the 18th century, the town belonged to the Wisłocki fami ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Radosław Gruk
Radosław Tomasz Gruk (born 23 April 1971) is a Polish diplomat, an ambassador to Uzbekistan (2021–2024). Life Radosław Gruk earned his master's degree from political science at the University of Warsaw. After graduating, in 1999 he began his professional career at the Ministry of Interior and Administration (Poland), Ministry of Interior and Administration specializing in the matters related to Polish citizenship. In 2000, he joined the Office for Foreigners where he was in charge of repatriation of Poles from the former Soviet Union. He was cooperating with the Radom Airport and Polish National Tourist Office. In 2003, Gruk joined the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Poland), Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Until 2007, he was Diplomatic rank, Second and First Secretary at the Consulate-General in Saint Petersburg, Russia. Between 2007 and 2013 he was Consul and political-economic officer at the rank of Counsellor and First Counsellor at the Embassy in Podgorica, Montenegro. In 2 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Życie
''Życie'' (, "Life") was an illustrated weekly established in 1897 and published in Kraków and Lwów in the Austrian partition of Poland. Founded by Ludwik Szczepański, with time it became one of the most popular Polish literary and artistic journals. Although short-lasting (it went bankrupt in 1900), it shaped an entire generation of Polish artists and art critics, notably those associated with the so-called Young Poland. Initially the weekly was focused on current news, politics, social and national matters in what was then the Austro-Hungarian Galicia. Among its collaborators and correspondents in the early period were Socialist journalists Kazimierz Kelles-Krauz, Iza Moszczeńska and Wilhelm Feldman. The magazine was initially a commercial failure and failed to gain enough readership. Under such circumstances the title was bought by Ignacy Sewer-Maciejowski, who offered the job of editor in chief to Stanisław Przybyszewski, who refocused the magazine to art and l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Telewizja Polska
Telewizja Polska S.A. (; "Polish Television"; TVP), also known in English as the public Polish Television is a Polish state media corporation. It is the largest Polish television network, although viewership has been declining in the 2010s. Since 1993, the legal status of the broadcaster has been defined by the Broadcasting Act, according to which Telewizja Polska is obliged to implement "a public mission ... by offering ... various programmes and other services in the field of information, journalism, culture, entertainment, education and sport, characterized by pluralism, impartiality, balance and independence as well as innovation, high quality and integrity of the message." Since 2016, TVP has been described by critics as providing one-sided favorable coverage of the ruling Law and Justice party. Timeline of Polish TV service * 1935: The PIT (Państwowy Instytut Telekomunikacyjny - National Telecommunications Institute) starts working together with Polish Radio on establis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polsat
Polsat is a Polish free-to-air television channel that was launched on 5 December 1992 by Zygmunt Solorz-Żak. , it is the most watched television channel in Poland with a market share of 11.30% Polsat belongs to Grupa Polsat Plus ( WSECPS, which also owns other channels. On 27 February 2019, the longest-running graphic design (2006–2019) was changed to a new one, but the station's logo remained virtually unchanged until 2021 when the logo was changed again as part of a major overhaul; however, the sun concept of the logo has remained. History Polsat began test transmissions on 1 December 1992, and started regular broadcasts on 5 December 1992 at 16:30 CET via the Eutelsat II-F3 satellite. The first programme broadcast by Polsat was the Polish animated series Wędrówki Pyzy ( pl). To circumvent licensing issues, it originally broadcast from a studio in Hilversum (the Netherlands) and imported programming had to come by plane. Its initial broadcasting reach was very smal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish Radio
Polskie Radio Spółka Akcyjna (PR S.A.; English: Polish Radio) is Poland's national public-service radio broadcasting organization owned by the State Treasury of Poland. History Polskie Radio was founded on 18 August 1925 and began making regular broadcasts from Warsaw on 18 April 1926. Czesław Miłosz, recipient of the 1980 Nobel Prize in Literature, worked as a literary programmer at Polish Radio Wilno in 1936. Before the Second World War, Polish Radio operated one national channel – broadcast from 1931 from one of Europe's most powerful longwave transmitters, situated at Raszyn just outside Warsaw and destroyed in 1939 due to invasion of German Army – and nine regional stations: *Kraków from 15 February 1927 *Poznań from 24 April 1927 *Katowice from 4 December 1927 *Wilno from 15 January 1928 * Lwów from 15 January 1930 *Łódź from 2 February 1930 *Toruń from 15 January 1935 *Warszawa from 1 March 1937 – known as Warszawa II, the national channel becoming ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national republics; in practice, both its government and its economy were highly centralized until its final years. It was a one-party state governed by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, with the city of Moscow serving as its capital as well as that of its largest and most populous republic: the Russian SFSR. Other major cities included Leningrad (Russian SFSR), Kiev (Ukrainian SSR), Minsk ( Byelorussian SSR), Tashkent (Uzbek SSR), Alma-Ata (Kazakh SSR), and Novosibirsk (Russian SFSR). It was the largest country in the world, covering over and spanning eleven time zones. The country's roots lay in the October Revolution of 1917, when the Bolsheviks, under the leadership of Vladimir Lenin, overthrew the Russian Provisional Government ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Urząd Ochrony Państwa
The Office of State Protection (Polish language, Polish: ''Urząd Ochrony Państwa'' (, UOP) Kancelaria Sejmu, , p. 401) was the intelligence agency of Poland from 1990 to 2002, when it was split into two new agencies. Foundation The UOP was founded on 6 April 1990 as a department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. Krzysztof Kozłowski served as the UOP's first chief from 1990 to 1992. In 1996 UOP was transformed into a separate government agency under the supervision of the prime minister. It was responsible for intelligence, counter-intelligence and government electronic security, including telephone wiretaps.Reasons for formation The UOP replaced the ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tygodnik Solidarność
''Tygodnik Solidarność'' (, "Solidarity Weekly") is a Polish weekly magazine. Started and published by the Solidarity movement on 3 April 1981, it was banned by the People's Republic of Poland following the martial law declaration from 13 December 1981 and the thaw of 1989. It was legalized in June 1989 after the Polish legislative elections, 1989. Editors *Tadeusz Mazowiecki *Jarosław Kaczyński Jarosław Aleksander Kaczyński (; born 18 June 1949) is a Polish politician who is currently serving as leader of the Law and Justice party (known by its Polish acronym PiS), which he co-founded in 2001 with his twin brother, Lech Kaczyński, ... * Andrzej Gelberg * Jerzy Kłosiński References External links Official website 1981 establishments in Poland Magazines established in 1981 Magazines published in Warsaw Polish-language magazines Weekly magazines published in Poland Political magazines published in Poland Solidarity (Polish trade union) {{Europe-p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Solidarity (Polish Trade Union)
Solidarity ( pl, „Solidarność”, ), full name Independent Self-Governing Trade Union "Solidarity" (, abbreviated ''NSZZ „Solidarność”'' ), is a Polish trade union founded in August 1980 at the Lenin Shipyard in Gdańsk, Poland. Subsequently, it was the first independent trade union in a Warsaw Pact country to be recognised by the state. The union's membership peaked at 10 million in September 1981, representing one-third of the country's working-age population. Solidarity's leader Lech Wałęsa was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1983 and the union is widely recognised as having played a central role in the end of Communist rule in Poland. In the 1980s, Solidarity was a broad anti-authoritarian social movement, using methods of civil resistance to advance the causes of workers' rights and social change. Government attempts in the early 1980s to destroy the union through the imposition of martial law in Poland and the use of political repression failed. Operati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Independent Students’ Association
Independent Students' Association ( pl, Niezależne Zrzeszenie Studentów, NZS) is a Polish student society, created in October 1980, in the aftermath of the Gdańsk Agreement and the anti-government strike actions (see: History of Solidarity). It was a student arm, or suborganization, of Solidarity, and together with it, as well as other similar organizations, was banned after the martial law in Poland, (December 13, 1981). Some activists were arrested, and others organized an underground NZS. After the fall of Communism in 1989, the organization was recreated, and its focus was changed from political to cultural, although it still stands by its origins, as seen by Polish students’ support for the Orange Revolution in Ukraine. It now is the largest independent student organization in Poland, with 90 chapters at Polish universities and a total of 20,000 members. Beginnings The first meeting of students demanding independent Association took place on August 27, 1980, in Gdań ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Ambassadors Of Poland ...
List of Republic of Poland's ambassadors registered in other countries, including those having dual accreditation ( Ambassadors at Large). List updated on 16 December 2022. Current Polish Ambassadors Source International organisations See also * List of ambassadors to Poland References Sources Polish diplomatic missions abroad {{Authority control Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populous ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
