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Amenmesse
Amenmesse (also Amenmesses or Amenmose) was the fifth pharaoh of the Nineteenth dynasty of Egypt, Nineteenth Dynasty in Ancient Egypt, possibly the son of Merneptah and Queen Takhat. Others consider him to be one of the innumerable sons of Ramesses II. Very little is known about this pharaoh, who ruled Egypt for only three to four years. Various Egyptologists date his reign between 1202 BC–1199 BC or 1203 BC–1200 BC with others giving an accession date of 1200 BC. Amenmesse means "born of or fashioned by Amun" in Egyptian. Additionally, his Ancient Egyptian royal titulary#Personal name (nomen), nomen can be found with the epithet Heqa-waset, which means "Ruler of Thebes". His royal name was Menmire Setepenre. Usurper It is likely that he was not Merneptah's intended heir. Scholars Kenneth Kitchen and Jürgen von Beckerath have theorized that Amenmesse usurped the throne from Seti-Merneptah, who was Merneptah's son and crown prince and who should have been next in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seti II
Seti II (or Sethos II) was the fifth pharaoh of the Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt and reigned from 1203 BC to 1197 BC. His throne name, Userkheperure Setepenre, means "Powerful are the manifestations of Re, the chosen one of Re." He was the son of Merneptah and Isetnofret II and sat on the throne during a period known for dynastic intrigue and short reigns, and his rule was no different. Seti II had to deal with many serious plots, most significantly the accession of a rival king named Amenmesse, possibly a half brother, who seized control over Thebes and Nubia in Upper Egypt during his second to fourth regnal years. Contest for the throne Evidence that Amenmesse was a direct contemporary with Seti II's rule—rather than Seti II's immediate predecessor —includes the fact that Seti II's royal KV15 tomb at Thebes was deliberately vandalised with many of Seti's royal names being carefully erased here during his reign. The erasures were subsequently repaired ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Takhat
Takhat was an ancient Egyptian princess and queen of the 19th Dynasty, the mother of the usurper pharaoh Amenmesse. There are not many facts known about her other than that she was Amenmesse's mother. She bore the titles ''King's Daughter'' and ''King's Wife.'' She might have been identical with Takhat, a daughter of Ramesses II, who is mentioned on a Louvre ostracon. Thus she was the aunt of Seti II, but since she was among the youngest children of Ramesses, it is very likely that she was the same age or even younger than Seti II who was the grandson of Ramesses. It is also possible that she was a grandchild of Ramesses; there are several examples of granddaughters bearing the title ''King's Daughter,'' although it was not very common. The king she married was either Merenptah or Seti II. She is shown on several statues of Amenmesse, among them on two statues in the Karnak temple. On one of these, which still stands in Karnak, she is called ''King's Daughter, King's Wife (Takh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Messuy
Messuy (Messuwy) was Viceroy of Kush, Governor of the South Lands, Scribe of the Tables of the Two Lands during the reign of Merneptah and perhaps Seti II and Amenmesse. Frank J. Yurco, ''Was Amenmesse the Viceroy of Kush, Messuwy?'', Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt, Vol. 34 (1997), pp. 49-56, Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/40000798, Accessed: 22-04-2017 Viceroy of Kush Messuy was appointed Viceroy of Kush in year 5 of Merneptah and followed Khaemtir in office. Messuy added many inscription to temples and sites in Nubia, including Amada, Aksha, Amara, Temple of Beit el-Wali, Wadi es-Sebua, and Bigeh Island. Messuy may have also been the commander of the army that defeated the Nubian rebellion during Merenptah’s reign as mentioned in the Nubian stelae of the king. This could explain why he held the military title “Overseer of the Army of the Viceroy”. Identification of Messuy with Pharaoh Amenmesse Rolf Krauss was the first to suggest that Mess ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siptah
Akhenre Setepenre Siptah or Merenptah Siptah was the penultimate ruler of the Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt. His father's identity is currently unknown. Both Seti II and Amenmesse have been suggested although the fact that Siptah later changed his royal name or nomen to Merneptah Siptah after his Year 2 suggests rather that his father was Merneptah. If correct, this would make Siptah and Seti II half-brothers since both of them were sons of Merneptah. He was not the crown prince, but succeeded to the throne as a child after the death of Seti II. His accession date occurred on I Peret day 2 around the month of December. Origins Historically, it was believed that Tiaa, a wife of Seti II, was the mother of Siptah. This view persisted until it was eventually realized that a relief in the Louvre Museum (E 26901) "pairs Siptah's name together with the name of his mother" a certain Sutailja or Shoteraja. Sutailja was a Canaanite rather than a native Egyptian name, which means that she w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Merneptah
Merneptah or Merenptah (reigned July or August 1213 BC – May 2, 1203 BC) was the fourth pharaoh of the Nineteenth Dynasty of Ancient Egypt. He ruled Egypt for almost ten years, from late July or early August 1213 BC until his death on May 2, 1203 BC, according to contemporary historical records.Jürgen von Beckerath, ''Chronologie des Pharaonischen Ägypten'', Mainz, (1997), pp.190 He was the thirteenth son of Ramesses II,Gae Callender, ''The Eye Of Horus: A History of Ancient Egypt'', Longman Cheshire (1993), p.263 only coming to power because all his older brothers had died, including his full brother Khaemwaset or Khaemwase. By the time he ascended to the throne, he was probably around seventy years old. He is perhaps best known for his victory stele, featuring the first known mention of the name Israel. His throne name was ''Ba-en-re Mery-netjeru'', which means "The Soul of Ra, Beloved of the Gods". Family Merneptah was likely the fourth child born to Isetnofret I and Ra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nineteenth Dynasty Of Egypt
The Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt (notated Dynasty XIX), also known as the Ramessid dynasty, is classified as the second Dynasty of the Ancient Egyptian New Kingdom period, lasting from 1292 BC to 1189 BC. The 19th Dynasty and the 20th Dynasty furthermore together constitute an era known as the ''Ramesside period''. This Dynasty was founded by Vizier Ramesses I, whom Pharaoh Horemheb chose as his successor to the throne. History Background The warrior kings of the early 18th Dynasty had encountered only little resistance from neighbouring kingdoms, allowing them to expand their realm of influence easily, but the international situation had changed radically towards the end of the dynasty. The Hittites had gradually extended their influence into Syria and Canaan to become a major power in international politics, a power that both Seti I and his son Ramesses II would confront in the future. 19th Dynasty Seti and Ramesses II The New Kingdom of Egypt reached the zenith of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nineteenth Dynasty Of Egypt
The Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt (notated Dynasty XIX), also known as the Ramessid dynasty, is classified as the second Dynasty of the Ancient Egyptian New Kingdom period, lasting from 1292 BC to 1189 BC. The 19th Dynasty and the 20th Dynasty furthermore together constitute an era known as the ''Ramesside period''. This Dynasty was founded by Vizier Ramesses I, whom Pharaoh Horemheb chose as his successor to the throne. History Background The warrior kings of the early 18th Dynasty had encountered only little resistance from neighbouring kingdoms, allowing them to expand their realm of influence easily, but the international situation had changed radically towards the end of the dynasty. The Hittites had gradually extended their influence into Syria and Canaan to become a major power in international politics, a power that both Seti I and his son Ramesses II would confront in the future. 19th Dynasty Seti and Ramesses II The New Kingdom of Egypt reached the zenith of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
KV10
Tomb KV10, located in the Valley of the Kings near the modern-day Egyptian city of Luxor, was cut and decorated for the burial of Pharaoh Amenmesse of the Nineteenth Dynasty of Ancient Egypt. However, there is no proof that he was actually buried here. Later, the decoration was replaced with scenes for Takhat and Baketwernel—two royal women dating to the late 20th Dynasty. It was visited by Richard Pococke, Jean-François Champollion and Karl Richard Lepsius, and briefly studied by Edward R. Ayrton before being properly examined by a team from the University of Memphis in the United States under Otto Schaden Otto John Schaden (August 26, 1937 – November 23, 2015) was an American Egyptologist. He was the field director of the Amenmesse Tomb Project of the University of Memphis (Tennessee). In addition to his work on the tomb of Amenmesse (KV10) in th ... in 1992. References * Reeves, N & Wilkinson, R.H. The Complete Valley of the Kings, 1996, Thames and Hudson, London. * Si ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Papyrus Salt 124
The Papyrus Salt 124 (also known as the British Museum Papyrus 10055) is an ancient Egyptian papyrus dating to the beginning of the 20th Dynasty. This papyrus is a copy of a letter addressed to the vizier of the time, most likely Hori. It brings various complaints against Paneb, a chief-workman at Deir el-Medina, a workmen’s community at Thebes, where the papyrus was most likely found. This papyrus gives insight into both the nature of the judicial system, and some of the corrupt practices that may have taken place in Deir el-Medina and other such workers' communities at the time. Origin of the papyrus This papyrus is located in the archives of the British Museum, from one of the collections of early 19th century Egyptologist Henry Salt. Rather than being excavated by Salt, this papyrus was purchased in Egypt, probably in Deir el-Medina near the city of Thebes. A translation did not emerge until 1870, when François Chabas published a translation and short summary. It was not u ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baktwerel
Baketwernel (also spelled Baketwerel) was an ancient Egyptian queen during the 20th Dynasty. She is likely to have been the Great Royal Wife of Ramesses IX. Burial She was buried in the tomb KV10, built for the late 19th Dynasty usurper-pharaoh Amenmesse, where a chamber was redecorated for her use. Because of this fact, she was previously thought to have been Amenmesse's wife. Dodson (1987) has argued that the redecoration in tomb KV10 was done during the reign of Ramesses IX. Schaden and Ertman (1989) however claim that some of the work in the room for Baketwerel may have been done during the reign of Queen Tausret Twosret, also spelled ''Tawosret'' or ''Tausret'' (d. 1189 BC conventional chronology) was the last known ruler and the final pharaoh of the Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt. She is recorded in Manetho's Epitome as a certain ''Thuoris, who in Home .... If so, this would suggest an earlier date for Queen Baketwernel.Schaden, Ertman, SAE 73, 1998, pp. 135-143. Mentio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paneb
Paneb was a chief at Deir el-Medina, a workmen's community at Thebes. The author of the Papyrus Salt 124, Amennakht, describes himself as a workman and the son of the former chief-workman Nebnefer. His brother, Neferhotep, took over as chief-workman at the death of his father, and was killed by an "enemy". This enemy is interpreted as either foreign enemies or a domestic army during Amenmesse's usurpation of Thebes. Though Amennakht felt entitled to become the chief-workman, the vizier, Paraemheb, gave the role to Paneb. Though he believes that the role is not Paneb's to begin with, he proceeds to list accusations of varying severity so as to better justify his contention that Paneb should be removed from the role of chief-workman. Bribery The first accusation lobbied against Paneb is the charge that he gave Preemhab five of Neferhotep's servants, with the implication that this gift is what secured the position for Paneb, not any legitimate claim to be chief workman. He is also ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Twosret
Twosret, also spelled ''Tawosret'' or ''Tausret'' (d. 1189 BC conventional chronology) was the last known ruler and the final pharaoh of the Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt. She is recorded in Manetho's Epitome as a certain ''Thuoris, who in Homer is called Polybus, husband of Alcandra, and in whose time Troy was taken''.J. Tyldesley, Chronicle of the Queens of Egypt, 2006, Thames & Hudson She was said to have ruled Egypt for seven years, but this figure included the nearly six-year reign of Siptah, her predecessor. Twosret simply assumed Siptah's regnal years as her own. While her sole independent reign would have lasted for perhaps one to one and a half years from 1191 to 1189 BC, this number now appears more likely to be two full years instead, possibly longer. Excavation work by the University of Arizona Egyptian Expedition on her memorial temple ("temple of millions of years") at Gournah strongly suggests that it was completed and functional during her reign and that Twosr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
