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Aloysius Centurione
Alessandro Luigi Centurione (29 August 1686 – 2 October 1757) was the seventeenth Superior General of the Society of Jesus. Early years Coming from an illustrious family of Genoa, Centurione undertook his schooling in the Jesuit boarding school of Parma before joining the Society of Jesus in 1703. At the end of the usual spiritual and philo-theological Jesuit training, he was ordained Catholic priest, priest in 1717. He seemed to be set on a teaching career (Literature, Letters, Philosophy and Theology) when he was appointed Provincial of Milan (1750). It was in such capacity that he took part at the General Congregation that elected Ignacio Visconti Superior General in 1751. Visconti kept him in Rome as Assistant for the Italian affairs and left a note to make him the Vicar General after his death. Superior General Elected Superior General by the 18th General Congregation (30 November 1755) – just a few days after the devastating 1755 Lisbon earthquake, Lisbon earthquake â ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sebastião De Melo, Marquis Of Pombal
Sebastião is Portuguese for ''Sebastian''. This name may refer to: People * Sebastião (given name) Places * Sebastião Barros, a town in the state of PiauÃ, Brazil * Sebastião Laranjeiras, a city in the state of Bahia, Brazil * Sebastião Leal Sebastião Leal is a municipality in the state of Piauà in the Northeast region of Brazil. See also *List of municipalities in Piauà This is a list of the municipalities in the state of Piauà (PI), located in the Northeast Region of Brazi ..., a town in the state of PiauÃ, Brazil Other * São Sebastião, Portuguese for Saint Sebastian {{dab ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clergy From Genoa
Clergy are formal leaders within established religions. Their roles and functions vary in different religious traditions, but usually involve presiding over specific rituals and teaching their religion's doctrines and practices. Some of the terms used for individual clergy are clergyman, clergywoman, clergyperson, churchman, and cleric, while clerk in holy orders has a long history but is rarely used. In Christianity, the specific names and roles of the clergy vary by denomination and there is a wide range of formal and informal clergy positions, including deacons, elders, priests, bishops, preachers, pastors, presbyters, Minister (Christianity), ministers, and the pope. In Islam, a religious leader is often known formally or informally as an imam, caliph, qadi, mufti, mullah, muezzin, or ayatollah. In the Judaism, Jewish tradition, a religious leader is often a rabbi (teacher) or hazzan (cantor). Etymology The word ''cleric'' comes from the ecclesiastical Latin ''Cle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1757 Deaths
Events January–March * January 2 – Seven Years' War: The British Army, under the command of Robert Clive, captures Calcutta, India. * January 5 – Robert-François Damiens makes an unsuccessful assassination attempt on Louis XV of France, who is slightly wounded by the knife attack. On March 28 Damiens is publicly executed by burning and dismemberment, the last person in France to suffer this punishment. * January 12 – Koca Ragıp Pasha becomes the new Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire, and administers the office for seven years until his death in 1763. * February 1 – King Louis XV of France dismisses his two most influential advisers. His Secretary of State for War, the Comte d'Argenson and the Secretary of the Navy, Jean-Baptiste de Machault d'Arnouville, are both removed from office at the urging of the King's mistress, Madame de Pompadour. * February 2 – At Versailles in France, representatives of the Russian Empire and the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1686 Births
Events January–March * January 3 – In Madras (now Chennai) in India, local residents employed by the East India Company threaten to boycott their jobs after corporate administrator William Gyfford imposes a house tax on residences within the city walls. Gyfford places security forces at all entrances to the city and threatens to banish anyone who fails to pay their taxes, as well as to confiscate the goods of merchants who refuse to make sales. A compromise is reached the next day on the amount of the taxes. * January 17 – King Louis XIV of France reports the success of the Edict of Fontainebleau, issued on October 22 against the Protestant Huguenots, and reports that after less than three months, the vast majority of the Huguenot population had left the country. * January 29 – In Guatemala, Spanish Army Captain Melchor RodrÃguez Mazariegos leads a campaign to conquer the indigenous Maya people in the rain forests of Lacandona, departing f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lorenzo Ricci
Lorenzo Ricci, S.J. (2 August 1703 Vol. 13. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1912. 30 May 201824 November 1775) was an Italian Society of Jesus, Jesuit, elected the eighteenth Superior General of the Society of Jesus. He was also the last before the suppression of the Jesuits in 1773. Early life and career Ricci was born in Florence, Italy, into one of the most ancient, and illustrious families of Tuscany. When very young, he was sent to Prato to the Jesuits Cicognini National Boarding School, Cicognini College. He entered the Society when he was scarcely fifteen, on 16 December 1718, at the novitiate of S. Andrea at Rome. Having completed his studies in philosophy (1722–25) and theology (1729–34) at the Roman College of Rome, he taught at Siena and Rome. He was formally professed in August 1736. From 1751 to 1755 he ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antoine De La Valette
Antoine Lavalette ( Martrin, 26 October 1708 – Toulouse, 13 December 1767), was a French Jesuit clergyman, Superior of the Martinique missions, whose bankruptcy led to the downfall of his order. He became a member of the Society of Jesus in Toulouse, 10 October 1725, was ordained priest in 1740. He volunteered for the mission of the Lesser Antilles of the Paris Province, and in 1751 he was sent at the age of thirty-four to Martinique. In 1754 he was named superior-general of all the Jesuit missions in the French possessions in Central and South America. Initially he was a successful plantation owner, trading in selling sugar, coffee and indigo, while remaining within the limits imposed on business by clerics set in canon law. His mission was heavily in debt, and to restore it to financial prosperity he made extensive purchases of land in Dominica and engaged in various commercial ventures. Without informing his superiors, Lavalette borrowed heavily from Frères Lioncy et Gouffre w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Laxism
In Catholic moral theology, probabilism provides a way of answering the question about what to do when one does not know what to do. Probabilism proposes that one can follow an authoritative opinion regarding whether an act may be performed morally, even though the opposite opinion is more probable. (An opinion is probable when, by reason of intrinsic or extrinsic arguments, it is able to gain the assent of many prudent men.) It was first formulated in 1577 by Bartholomew Medina, OP, who taught at Salamanca. Formulation and opposed views Probabilism is a way of approaching difficult matters of conscience. In such cases, according to probabilism, one may safely follow a doctrine approved by a recognized Doctor of the Church, even if the opposite opinion is supported by—or "more probable" as judged by—other criteria, such as those of science or other authoritative sources. A more radical view, "minus probabilissimus", holds that an action is permissible if a single opinion a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Benedict XIV
Pope Benedict XIV ( la, Benedictus XIV; it, Benedetto XIV; 31 March 1675 – 3 May 1758), born Prospero Lorenzo Lambertini, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 17 August 1740 to his death in May 1758. Pope Benedict X (1058–1059) is now considered an antipope. At the time, however, this status was not recognized by church historians, and so the tenth legitimate pontiff by this name is the one who took the official name Benedict XI (1303–1304). This has advanced the numbering of all subsequent Popes Benedict by one. Popes Benedict XI–XVI are therefore the tenth through fifteenth popes by that name. Perhaps one of the best scholars to sit on the papal throne, yet often overlooked, he promoted scientific learning, the Baroque arts, reinvigoration of Thomism, and the study of the human form. Firmly committed to carrying out the decrees of the Council of Trent and authentic Catholic teaching, Benedict removed changes previously made to th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Portugal
Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic ( pt, República Portuguesa, links=yes ), is a country whose mainland is located on the Iberian Peninsula of Southwestern Europe, and whose territory also includes the Atlantic archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira. It features the westernmost point in continental Europe, and its Iberian portion is bordered to the west and south by the Atlantic Ocean and to the north and east by Spain, the sole country to have a land border with Portugal. Its two archipelagos form two autonomous regions with their own regional governments. Lisbon is the capital and largest city by population. Portugal is the oldest continuously existing nation state on the Iberian Peninsula and one of the oldest in Europe, its territory having been continuously settled, invaded and fought over since prehistoric times. It was inhabited by pre-Celtic and Celtic peoples who had contact with Phoenicians and Ancient Greek traders, it was ruled by the Ro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gabriele Malagrida
Gabriel Malagrida (18 September or 6 December 1689 – 21 September 1761) was an Italian Jesuit missionary in the Portuguese colony of Brazil and influential figure in the political life of the Lisbon Royal Court who described the devastating 1755 Lisbon earthquake as retribution prompted by God's wrath. Malagrida was famously caught up in the Távora affair. When he could not be convicted for high treason, the Portuguese Prime Minister Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, Marquis of Pombal, whose brother served as the head Inquisitor, had him executed for heresy. Biography Early life in the Jesuit Order and missionary work Gabriel Malagrida was born in 1689 in Menaggio, Italy, the son of Giacomo Malagrida, a doctor, and wife Angela Rusca. He entered the Jesuit order at Genoa in 1711. In 1721 he set out from Lisbon and arrived on the Island of Maranhão towards the end of that year. From there he proceeded to Brazil, where he worked as a missionary for 28 years, and developed a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1755 Lisbon Earthquake
The 1755 Lisbon earthquake, also known as the Great Lisbon earthquake, impacted Portugal, the Iberian Peninsula, and Northwest Africa on the morning of Saturday, 1 November, Feast of All Saints, at around 09:40 local time. In combination with subsequent fires and a tsunami, the earthquake almost completely destroyed Lisbon and adjoining areas. Seismologists estimate the Lisbon earthquake had a magnitude of 7.7 or greater on the moment magnitude scale, with its epicenter in the Atlantic Ocean about west-southwest of Cape St. Vincent and about southwest of Lisbon. Chronologically, it was the third known large scale earthquake to hit the city (following those of 1321 and 1531). Estimates place the death toll in Lisbon at between 12,000 and 50,000 people, making it one of the deadliest earthquakes in history. The earthquake accentuated political tensions in Portugal and profoundly disrupted the Portuguese Empire. The event was widely discussed and dwelt upon by European ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
