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Almonda
Almonda is a Portuguese village of around 300 inhabitants in the civil parish of Zibreira, within the municipality of Torres Novas and the Santarém District. The village was named after the river Almonda, whose source is located nearby. Almonda is noted for the Aroeira cave (possibly the largest cave in the country) in the Karst limestone landscape, where the 400,000 year old Aroeira 3 skull of a Homo Heidelbergensis was discovered in 2014. It is the oldest trace of human history in Portugal.Joan Daura
et al.: ''New Middle Pleistocene hominin cranium from Gruta da Aroeira (Portugal).'' In ''

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Torres Novas
Torres Novas () is a Portuguese municipality in the district of Santarém, in the Médio Tejo of the Centro region. The population of the municipality was approximately 36,717 (from the 2011 census), with the city of Torres Novas (seat of the municipality) has about 15,000 inhabitants in an area that encompasses . History Pre-Monarchy The earliest sign of human life in the Portuguese territory is the 400,000 year old skull discovered at the Cave of Aroeira in 2017. The territory of Torres Novas was settled as early as the Paelothic in areas situated along the margins of the karstic network of the River Almonda, such as the grottos in Buraca da Moura, Buraca da Oliveira and Lapa da Bugalheira. During the primordial period before Roman occupation, there were various ''villae'' that were populated in the region. Vila Cardílio, a Luso-Roman settlement was occupied in the first or second century A.D. In it, archaeologists discovered coloured mosaics, coins, sculptures and Lat ...
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Aroeira Cave
The Cave of Aroeira is an archaeological and paleoanthropological site in the Portuguese Estremadura Limestone Massif. The cave is located in the village of Almonda, in the civil parish of Zibreira, in the municipality of Torres Novas in the district of Santarém. The cave contained stones from the Paleolithic Acheulean culture, and the skull of ''Homo heidelbergensis'', circa 400,000 years old. The discovery of ''Aroeira 3'' was announced in spring 2017 - the earliest human trace in Portugal.
, accessed on March 22, 2017

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Renova (company)
Renova (full name: ''Renova - Fábrica de Papel do Almonda, SA'') is a Portuguese company that produces paper consumption goods (such as tissues and toilet paper). It is based in the city of Torres Novas, located in Médio Tejo, a NUTS3 subregion belonging to Centro region. It is one of the most well-known industry brands inside and outside of the country. Their products are sold and advertised in countries like Japan, France, the UK, the United States, Belgium, and Spain. Products Renova's main products are tissues for domestic and sanitary use such as toilet paper, kitchen rolls, napkins, handkerchiefs, facials. Renova is also present in feminine hygiene products, wet wipes, and printing & writing paper. A major success in recent years is the unique Renova Black Toilet Tissue. Brand It became known to a wider public (outside of Portugal) through an advertising campaign (first launched in 2002) that made use of sex appeal to sell toilet paper - something other companies did ...
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Aroeira 3
Aroeira 3 is a 400,000 year old ''Homo heidelbergensis'' hominid skull which was discovered in the Aroeira cave, Portugal. It is the earliest human trace in Portugal. ''H. heidelbergensis'' existed at the transition between ''Homo erectus'' and early Neanderthals and used both stone tools and fire. The skull was damaged during the 2014 excavation but was restored in the following two years. In 2017 the description of the skull was published in ''Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, PNAS''. It is on display in the National Archaeology Museum (Lisbon). Description Aroeira 3 is a 400,000 year old ''Homo heidelbergensis'' hominid skull from the Middle Pleistocene which was discovered in the Aroeira cave, Portugal, and announced in spring 2017. It is the earliest human trace in Portugal. Hominin fossils from this era are commonly classified as ''H. heidelbergensis'', a chronospecies that stands at the transition between ''Homo erectus'' a ...
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Zibreira
Zibreira is a civil parish in Portugal, located within the municipality of Torres Novas, in the Santarém District. It is noted for the Aroeria cave, where the Aroeira 3 skull of a 400,000 year old Homo Heidelbergensis was found, being the oldest trace of human history in Portugal. As of 2011, there are 1,028 inhabitants living within the parish, giving it a population density of around 98 people per sq kilometer (254 people per sq mile) Location Zibreira sits near the junction of the A1 (North Motorway) which connects Lisbon, the capital, to Porto; and the A23 motorway (Portugal) (Auto-Estrada da Beira Interior) which connects to Guarda and Spain. This location has greatly aided its industrialization. Archaeology The village of Almonda, within the parish of Zibreira, is noted for the Aroeira cave, where the 400,000 year old Aroeira 3 skull of a Homo Heidelbergensis was discovered in 2014. It is the oldest trace of human history in Portugal.
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Santarém District
The District of Santarém ( pt, Distrito de Santarém ) is a district of Portugal, located in Portugal's ''Centro Region''. The district capital is the city of Santarém. The district is the 3rd largest in Portugal, with an area of , and a population of 475,344 inhabitants, giving it a population density of 70 people per sq. kilometer (180 people per sq. mile). Once part of the historical region of Ribatejo, the district was created by order of the European Union, not taking into consideration historical boundaries or cultures. Municipalities The district includes the following 21 municipalities. * Abrantes * Alcanena * Almeirim * Alpiarça * Benavente * Cartaxo * Chamusca * Constância * Coruche * Entroncamento * Ferreira do Zêzere * Golegã * Mação * Ourém * Rio Maior * Salvaterra de Magos * Santarém * Sardoal * Tomar * Torres Novas * Vila Nova da Barquinha Summary of votes and seats won 1976-2022 , - class="unsortable" !rowspan=2, Parties!!%!!S!!%!!S!!%!!S!!%!!S! ...
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Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences
''Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America'' (often abbreviated ''PNAS'' or ''PNAS USA'') is a peer-reviewed multidisciplinary scientific journal. It is the official journal of the National Academy of Sciences, published since 1915, and publishes original research, scientific reviews, commentaries, and letters. According to ''Journal Citation Reports'', the journal has a 2021 impact factor of 12.779. ''PNAS'' is the second most cited scientific journal, with more than 1.9 million cumulative citations from 2008 to 2018. In the mass media, ''PNAS'' has been described variously as "prestigious", "sedate", "renowned" and "high impact". ''PNAS'' is a delayed open access journal, with an embargo period of six months that can be bypassed for an author fee ( hybrid open access). Since September 2017, open access articles are published under a Creative Commons license. Since January 2019, ''PNAS'' has been online-only, although print issues are a ...
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Villages In Portugal
A village is a clustered human settlement or community, larger than a hamlet but smaller than a town (although the word is often used to describe both hamlets and smaller towns), with a population typically ranging from a few hundred to a few thousand. Though villages are often located in rural areas, the term urban village is also applied to certain urban neighborhoods. Villages are normally permanent, with fixed dwellings; however, transient villages can occur. Further, the dwellings of a village are fairly close to one another, not scattered broadly over the landscape, as a dispersed settlement. In the past, villages were a usual form of community for societies that practice subsistence agriculture, and also for some non-agricultural societies. In Great Britain, a hamlet earned the right to be called a village when it built a church.
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Archaeological Sites In Santarém District
Archaeology or archeology is the scientific study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture. The archaeological record consists of artifacts, architecture, biofacts or ecofacts, sites, and cultural landscapes. Archaeology can be considered both a social science and a branch of the humanities. It is usually considered an independent academic discipline, but may also be classified as part of anthropology (in North America – the four-field approach), history or geography. Archaeologists study human prehistory and history, from the development of the first stone tools at Lomekwi in East Africa 3.3 million years ago up until recent decades. Archaeology is distinct from palaeontology, which is the study of fossil remains. Archaeology is particularly important for learning about prehistoric societies, for which, by definition, there are no written records. Prehistory includes over 99% of the human past, from the Paleolithic until the advent of ...
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Público (Portugal)
''Público'' (; English: ''Public'') is a Portuguese daily national newspaper of record published in Lisbon, Portugal. History and profile ''Público'' was first published on 5 March 1990. The paper was founded by Sonae and is owned by the Sonae group. In 1992 Italian media company Repubblica International Holding SA, a subsidiary of Gruppo Editoriale L'Espresso, acquired 16.75% of the paper. ''Público'' is published in tabloid format and has its headquarters in Lisbon. The paper is known as a publication of the French school with extensive texts and few illustrations. Its first editor-in-chief was Vicente Jorge Silva, formerly sub-editor-in-chief at ''Expresso''. José Manuel Fernandes also served as the editor-in-chief of the paper. Since 2009 Bárbara Reis has served as the editor-in-chief. ''Público'' is one of the first Portuguese mainstream newspapers to have an online edition which was started in 1995. Its online edition was free and included almost all the articles fr ...
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Hamburger Abendblatt
The ''Hamburger Abendblatt'' (English: ''Hamburg Evening Newspaper'') is a German daily newspaper in Hamburg. The paper focuses on news in Hamburg and area, and produces regional supplements with news from Norderstedt, Ahrensburg, Harburg, and Pinneberg. Politically the paper is mildly conservative, but usually pro-government, including during SPD administrations. History and profile Four previous Hamburg newspapers had the word ''Abendblatt'' ("Evening Newspaper") in their title, including one named the ''Hamburger Abendblatt'', founded on 2 May 1820. This incarnation of the ''Hamburger Abendblatt'', however, was first published after World War II beginning on 14 October 1948 with an initial edition of 60,000 copies. The paper received a publishing license from the Hamburg Senate and Mayor Max Brauer, making it the first daily paper of post-war Germany to receive a license from German rather than Allied occupation authorities. After about six months of operation, its ...
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Portugal
Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic ( pt, República Portuguesa, links=yes ), is a country whose mainland is located on the Iberian Peninsula of Southwestern Europe, and whose territory also includes the Atlantic archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira. It features the westernmost point in continental Europe, and its Iberian portion is bordered to the west and south by the Atlantic Ocean and to the north and east by Spain, the sole country to have a land border with Portugal. Its two archipelagos form two autonomous regions with their own regional governments. Lisbon is the capital and largest city by population. Portugal is the oldest continuously existing nation state on the Iberian Peninsula and one of the oldest in Europe, its territory having been continuously settled, invaded and fought over since prehistoric times. It was inhabited by pre-Celtic and Celtic peoples who had contact with Phoenicians and Ancient Greek traders, it was ruled by the Ro ...
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