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Albert Wigand (meteorologist)
Ernst Heinrich Paul Albert Wigand (21 October 1882 – 18 December 1932), known as Albert Wigand, was a German professor who lectured in the fields of physics, geodesy, meteorology and climatology. His is most well-known as one of the earliest physicists to successfully devise a method of studying fog and cloud matter in mid-air. In his later years, he became a fierce supporter of the xenophobic and nationalist thinking that would underpin Nazi ideology, and that association has clouded his legacy.Universität Hamburg (2007, January 30) ''Universitätsleitung verurteilt Zerstörungsaktion im Hauptgebäude''. ress releasehttps://www.uni-hamburg.de/en/newsroom/presse/2007/pm13.html Biography Early life Albert Wigand was born in Kassel, then part of the Prussian Province of Hesse-Nassau, to Dr. Paul Wigand, a Catholic Apostolic clergyman, and his wife Luise (née Thiersch; 12 September 1856 – 23 April 1919). He was a descendant of two old families of theologians and natu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Botanist
Botany, also called , plant biology or phytology, is the science of plant life and a branch of biology. A botanist, plant scientist or phytologist is a scientist who specialises in this field. The term "botany" comes from the Ancient Greek word (''botanē'') meaning "pasture", " herbs" "grass", or " fodder"; is in turn derived from (), "to feed" or "to graze". Traditionally, botany has also included the study of fungi and algae by mycologists and phycologists respectively, with the study of these three groups of organisms remaining within the sphere of interest of the International Botanical Congress. Nowadays, botanists (in the strict sense) study approximately 410,000 species of land plants of which some 391,000 species are vascular plants (including approximately 369,000 species of flowering plants), and approximately 20,000 are bryophytes. Botany originated in prehistory as herbalism with the efforts of early humans to identify – and later cultivate – edible, med ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xenophobic
Xenophobia () is the fear or dislike of anything which is perceived as being foreign or strange. It is an expression of perceived conflict between an in-group and out-group and may manifest in suspicion by the one of the other's activities, a desire to eliminate their presence, and fear of losing national, ethnic, or racial identity.Guido Bolaffi. ''Dictionary of race, ethnicity and culture''. SAGE Publications Ltd., 2003. Pp. 332. Alternate definitions A 1997 review article on xenophobia holds that it is "an element of a political struggle about who has the right to be cared for by the state and society: a fight for the collective good of the modern state." According to Italian sociologist Guido Bolaffi, xenophobia can also be exhibited as an "''uncritical exaltation of another culture''" which is ascribed "''an unreal, stereotyped and exotic quality''". History Ancient Europe An early example of xenophobic sentiment in Western culture is the Ancient Greek denigratio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Friedrich Thiersch
Friedrich Wilhelm Thiersch (17 June 178425 February 1860), was a German classical scholar and educationist. Biography He was born at Kirchscheidungen (now a part of Laucha an der Unstrut, Saxony-Anhalt). In 1809 he became professor at the gymnasium at Munich, and in 1826 professor of ancient literature at the University of Landshut; he was transferred in that year to Munich where he remained till his death. Thiersch, the "tutor of Bavaria" (''praeceptor Bavariae''), found an extremely unsatisfactory system of education in existence. There was a violent feud between the Protestant "north" and the Catholic "south" Germans; Thiersch's colleagues, chiefly old monks, offered violent opposition to his reforms, and an attempt was made upon his life. His plans were nevertheless carried out, and became the governing principle of the educational institutions of Bavaria. Thiersch was an ardent supporter of Greek independence. In 1832 he visited Greece, and his influence is said to have ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adolf Von Deines
Johann Georg Adolf Ritter von Deines (May 30, 1845–November 17, 1911) was a Prussian soldier, diplomat, and educator, as well as a member of the lower nobility. As a member of the Prussian Army, Deines rose to the rank of Cavalry General, and served as aide-de-camp to Kaiser Wilhelm II. In addition to his military duties, Deines also served as , or military-governor, to the Kaiser's sons. In this capacity, Deines oversaw the complete reconstruction of the system in which the princes were educated, shifting from a court-based theoretical system of education to a hands-on, physical style of learning that brought the princes into close contact with boys of varying rank in order to give them a well-rounded understanding of the world, removed from the strictures and pretenses of traditional royal education. Life Early life and family Deines was born on May 30, 1845, in Hanau, then part of the Electorate of Hesse. He was the second child and only son of (1818–1901) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Franz Georg Pfeiffer (German Politician)
Franz Georg Pfeiffer (11 January 1784 – 15 April 1856)Franz Georg'' in: Hessische Biografie was a legal scholar and . Early life Franz Georg Pfeiffer was son of the reformed preacher, University of Marburg theology professor and Councilor of the[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carl Jonas Pfeiffer
Carl Jonas Pfeiffer (7 February 1779 - 3 May 1836) was a German merchant, banker, and amateur malacologist. Early life and business ventures Pfeiffer, called Jonas as a child, was born in the Oberneustadt parsonage on Karlsplatz in Cassel, where his father, Johann Jakob Pfeiffer, was the preacher. Shortly after his birth, the family relocated to Marburg, where his father accepted a position as a professor in the Department of Theology at the university there. His mother died before he was 5 years old, but his father's second wife cared for all of their children, especially after Johann Jakob's early death in 1791. Pfeiffer attended the gymnasium of Marburg until the age of 14, at which point he relocated to Cassel to apprentice as a cloth merchant. At the completion of his apprenticeship, he spent time as a traveling salesman in Frankfurt am Main, but soon found himself back in Marburg, where, despite not attending the University, as had his father and brothers, he spent time le ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis Pfeiffer
Ludwig Karl Georg Pfeiffer, also known as Louis Pfeiffer (4 July 1805 – 2 October 1877), was a German physician, botanist and conchologist. Early life, Education & Medical Career Louis Pfeiffer was born in Cassel, the eldest son of the jurist Burkhard Wilhelm Pfeiffer and his wife Louise (née Harnier). Pfeiffer received his primary education in the Cassel Lyceum, where he distinguished himself academically, and by the age of fifteen was already at the top of his class. In 1820, political tensions forced his father to relocate the family to Lübeck, but Louis continued to excel, reaching the top of his class there as well. At the age of sixteen, Pfeiffer entered into university to study medicine, first at the University of Göttingen, and finally at the University of Marburg, where he studied under such prominent scientists as Georg Wilhelm Franz Wenderoth and Ernst Daniel August Bartels, graduating in 1825.Hodvina, Sylvain. Carl Georg Ludwig (Louis) Pfeiffer', 30 Oct. 2020. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Burkhard Wilhelm Pfeiffer
Burkhard Wilhelm Pfeiffer (7 May 1777 – 4 October 1852) was German jurist and liberal politician. Pfeiffer was the son of the evangelical preacher, theologian, and Marburg University professor Johann Jakob Pfeiffer and his first wife Lucie Rebecke (née Rüppel). Among his siblings were Franz Georg Pfeiffer and Carl Jonas Pfeiffer. Early life and career Pfeiffer grew up in Kassel, where his father served as the parish priest in evangelical parish of Oberneustadt, and Burkhard was training to follow in his footsteps and become a preacher. After about a year at the University of Marburg, his father died, and he subsequently transferred to the faculty of Politics and Jurisprudence in 1792. It was here that Pfeiffer became acquainted with Friedrich Carl von Savigny, who would remain a friend for decades. Pfeiffer received his doctorate in law from the University in 1798, and was quickly made an archivist for the Hessian government, a position he held until 1803. From 1803 to 18 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jurist
A jurist is a person with expert knowledge of law; someone who analyses and comments on law. This person is usually a specialist legal scholar, mostly (but not always) with a formal qualification in law and often a legal practitioner. In the United Kingdom the term "jurist" is mostly used for legal academics, while in the United States the term may also be applied to a judge. With reference to Roman law, a "jurist" (in English) is a jurisconsult (''iurisconsultus''). The English term ''jurist'' is to be distinguished from similar terms in other European languages, where it may be synonymous with legal professional, meaning anyone with a professional law degree that qualifies for admission to the legal profession, including such positions as judge or attorney. In Germany, Scandinavia and a number of other countries ''jurist'' denotes someone with a professional law degree, and it may be a protected title, for example in Norway. Thus the term can be applied to attorneys, judges an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johann Jakob Pfeiffer
Johann Jakob Pfeiffer (6 October 1740 – 26 November 1791) was a German evangelical theologian who taught at the University of Marburg. Life and career Pfeiffer was the son of Cassel master dyer, Hieronymus Pfeiffer (30 December 1714 – 3 July 1774) and his wife Anne Elisabeth (née Schaumberg; 15 March 1718 – 23 March 1779). He was educated in his Cassel's preparatory schools, and in 1755 he enrolled at the Collegium Carolinum. There, he studied under Johann Gottlieb Stegmann and Justus Heinrich Wetzel. In 1757, Pfeiffer began his studies at the University of Marburg. At university, he studied theology, mathematics, logic, and metaphysics. By 1760 he was attending the University of Göttingen and continuing his education in Theology under Samuel Christian Hollmann, Johann David Michaelis and Christian Wilhelm Franz Walch. By the next year, he had returned to his home as a preaching candidate, and in 1761 he was ordained and given a position as a preacher in Cassel. Wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German Evangelical Church
The German Evangelical Church (german: Deutsche Evangelische Kirche) was a successor to the German Evangelical Church Confederation from 1933 until 1945. The German Christians, an antisemitic and racist pressure group and ''Kirchenpartei'', gained enough power on boards of the member churches to be able to install Ludwig Müller to the office of ' in the 1933 church elections. The German Evangelical Church Confederation was subsequently renamed the German Evangelical Church. In 1934, the German Evangelical Church suffered controversies and internal struggles which left member churches either detached or reorganised into German Christians-led dioceses of what was to become a single, unified Reich Church compatible with Nazi ideology for all of Nazi Germany. In 1935, in wake of controversies and church struggles, the Ministry for Church Affairs removed Ludwig Müller and installed a committee headed by Wilhelm Zoellner to lead the confederation. As a result, the German Evangelica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catholic Apostolic Church
The Catholic Apostolic Church (CAC), also known as the Irvingian Church, is a Christian denomination and Protestant sect which originated in Scotland around 1831 and later spread to Germany and the United States."Catholic Apostolic Church" The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. 2007. The tradition to which the Catholic Apostolic Church belongs is referred to as Irvingism or the Irvingian movement after Edward Irving (1792–1834), a clergyman of the Church of Scotland credited with organising the movement. The church was organised in 1835 with the fourfold ministry of "apostles, prophets, evangelists, and pastors". As a result of schism within the Catholic Apostolic Church, other Irvingian Christian denominations emerged, including the Old Apostolic Church, New Apostol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
