Ludwig Karl Georg Pfeiffer, also known as Louis Pfeiffer (4 July 1805 – 2 October 1877), was a German physician,

botanist Botany, also called , plant biology or phytology, is the science of plant life and a branch of biology. A botanist, plant scientist or phytologist is a scientist who specialises in this field. The term "botany" comes from the Ancient Greek wo ...

and

conchologist Conchology () is the study of mollusc shells. Conchology is one aspect of malacology, the study of molluscs; however, malacology is the study of molluscs as whole organisms, whereas conchology is confined to the study of their shells. It includ ...

Early life, Education & Medical Career

Louis Pfeiffer was born in Cassel, the eldest son of the jurist Burkhard Wilhelm Pfeiffer and his wife Louise (née Harnier). Pfeiffer received his primary education in the Cassel Lyceum, where he distinguished himself academically, and by the age of fifteen was already at the top of his class. In 1820, political tensions forced his father to relocate the family to

Lübeck Lübeck (; Low German also ), officially the Hanseatic City of Lübeck (german: Hansestadt Lübeck), is a city in Northern Germany. With around 217,000 inhabitants, Lübeck is the second-largest city on the German Baltic coast and in the stat ...

, but Louis continued to excel, reaching the top of his class there as well. At the age of sixteen, Pfeiffer entered into university to study medicine, first at the

University of Göttingen The University of Göttingen, officially the Georg August University of Göttingen, (german: Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, known informally as Georgia Augusta) is a public research university in the city of Göttingen, Germany. Founded ...

, and finally at the

University of Marburg The Philipps University of Marburg (german: Philipps-Universität Marburg) was founded in 1527 by Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse, which makes it one of Germany's oldest universities and the oldest still operating Protestant university in the wor ...

, where he studied under such prominent scientists as Georg Wilhelm Franz Wenderoth and Ernst Daniel August Bartels, graduating in 1825.Hodvina, Sylvain.
Carl Georg Ludwig (Louis) Pfeiffer
', 30 Oct. 2020. He spent the next year in Paris and Berlin, continuing his education, and returned to Cassel in 1826, where he entered into general practice and obstetrics. During his short interlude in Kassel, Pfeiffer was engaged in many artistic pursuits, particularly musical ones, and his

lyric baritone A baritone is a type of classical male singing voice whose vocal range lies between the bass and the tenor voice-types. The term originates from the Greek (), meaning "heavy sounding". Composers typically write music for this voice in the r ...

was remarked on often by his brother Carl's friend (and later, his brother-in-law)

Louis Spohr Louis Spohr (, 5 April 178422 October 1859), baptized Ludewig Spohr, later often in the modern German form of the name Ludwig, was a German composer, violinist and conductor. Highly regarded during his lifetime, Spohr composed ten symphonies, ...

. The Pfeiffer brothers performed often with Spohr and his singing groups, even pairing up to perform in the opera of that Carl had adapted and Spohr composed. At the outbreak of Polish rebellion of 1831 he took the position of staff surgeon at the Alexander-Hospital in

Warsaw Warsaw ( pl, Warszawa, ), officially the Capital City of Warsaw,, abbreviation: ''m.st. Warszawa'' is the capital and largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the River Vistula in east-central Poland, and its population is officia ...

, lending support to the beleaguered Polish partisans.Piderit, Franz Carl Theodor. ''Geschichte der Haupt- und Residenzstadt Cassel'', Klaunig, Cassel 1882 In addition to the war-wounded he treated at the hospital, he also took a special interest in caring for the many thousands who were stricken with cholera as a result of the upheaval cased by the conflict. In September 1831, the Polish rebels were forced to capitulate to the overwhelming Russian military force, but Pfeiffer had developed such a close feeling of kinship and support for the

Poles Poles,, ; singular masculine: ''Polak'', singular feminine: ''Polka'' or Polish people, are a West Slavic nation and ethnic group, who share a common history, culture, the Polish language and are identified with the country of Poland in Ce ...

that he refused to stay on and work with the

Russians , native_name_lang = ru , image = , caption = , population = , popplace = 118 million Russians in the Russian Federation (2002 ''Winkler Prins'' estimate) , region1 = , pop1 ...

.Pfeiffer, August Ludwig. ''Die Familie Pfeiffer: Eine Sammlung von Lebensbildern und Stammbäumen,'' Druck von Friedr. Scheel, Cassel 1886. Louis's return to Cassel was overshadowed, however, by the untimely death of his elder brother Carl, who succumbed to the very same

cholera Cholera is an infection of the small intestine by some strains of the bacterium ''Vibrio cholerae''. Symptoms may range from none, to mild, to severe. The classic symptom is large amounts of watery diarrhea that lasts a few days. Vomiting and ...

that Louis worked so hard to fight in Poland. As a result of the outbreak of cholera across Prussia, Louis was kept in quarantine before he could enter Cassel, which prolonged his and his family's grief, until he was finally permitted to return home and bury his brother. Upon his return home, Pfeiffer undertook his first publication, a personal recollection of his experience entitled ''Erfahrungen über die Cholera, gesammelt in dem Hospital zu Warschau im Sommer 1831''.

Family

Louis Pfeiffer was married twice. His first marriage was to Luise Philippine (née Nathusius, 2 September 1811 - 18 September 1891), daughter of the industrialist

Johann Gottlob Nathusius Johann Gottlob Nathusius (April 30, 1760 – July 23, 1835) was a German industrialist. Nathusius was born in Baruth, and learned the trade of a merchant in Berlin, later joining the trading company Sengewald in Magdeburg. After the death of the ...

. They were married on May 19, 1832, and divorced in 1841. This union produced three children, all of whom died young: *Gottlob Wilhelm Richard Paul (13 April 1834 - 9 March 1835) *Louise Marie Anna (5 January 1836 - 29 May 1840) *Johanna Caroline Marie (25 October 1837 - 1 June 1840) Louis Pfeiffer married his second wife, Wilhelmine Friederike (née Wagner, 10 April 1823 - 26 June 1900), on October 9, 1842. Their marriage lasted until Pfeiffer's death, and produced six children: *Wilhelm Conrad Hermann (30 September 1843 - 9 May 1883), a merchant in Spain, specializing in the trade of

hazelnuts The hazelnut is the fruit of the hazel tree and therefore includes any of the nuts deriving from species of the genus ''Corylus'', especially the nuts of the species ''Corylus avellana''. They are also known as cobnuts or filberts according t ...

. *Louis Hermann (6 December 1845 - 20 August 1887), an

architect An architect is a person who plans, designs and oversees the construction of buildings. To practice architecture means to provide services in connection with the design of buildings and the space within the site surrounding the buildings that h ...

and

public works Public works are a broad category of infrastructure projects, financed and constructed by the government, for recreational, employment, and health and safety uses in the greater community. They include public buildings ( municipal buildings, sc ...

supervisor in

Frankfurt am Main Frankfurt, officially Frankfurt am Main (; Hessian: , "Frank ford on the Main"), is the most populous city in the German state of Hesse. Its 791,000 inhabitants as of 2022 make it the fifth-most populous city in Germany. Located on its na ...

. *Richard Albert (30 November 1847 - 6 May 1906), a district judge in

Rotenburg an der Fulda Rotenburg an der Fulda (officially ''Rotenburg a.d. Fulda'') is a town in Hersfeld-Rotenburg district in northeastern Hesse, Germany lying, as the name says, on the river Fulda (river), Fulda. Geography Location The town lies south of the S ...

; married the daughter of high court judge Ludwig Moeli. *Adolf Carl Gabriel (4 December 1850 - 1906), a ''

Hauptmann is a German word usually translated as captain when it is used as an officer's rank in the German, Austrian, and Swiss armies. While in contemporary German means 'main', it also has and originally had the meaning of 'head', i.e. ' literally ...

'' in the 27th Nassau

Field Artillery Field artillery is a category of mobile artillery used to support armies in the field. These weapons are specialized for mobility, tactical proficiency, short range, long range, and extremely long range target engagement. Until the early 20t ...

Regiment. *Wilhelm Franz Carl (13 September 1852 - 19 January 1871) *Rosalie Marianne Caroline Sophie Mathilde (22 February 1855 - 1925)

Scientific Career & Later Life

After his return to Cassel and his marriage, as well as the death of his eldest son, Pfeiffer had grown unhappy with his medical practice, finding the state of medical science at the time insufficient for his intellectual needs, and gave it up to focus on scientific studies and literary works, particularly in the fields of botany and conchology. His first scientific work, published in 1837, was a book cataloging and describing the various cactus species used in German gardens. It was well received, and as a result, he became known as "Kaktus-Pfeiffer." In 1839, Pfeiffer was sent to

Cuba Cuba ( , ), officially the Republic of Cuba ( es, República de Cuba, links=no ), is an island country comprising the island of Cuba, as well as Isla de la Juventud and several minor archipelagos. Cuba is located where the northern Caribbea ...

with Johannes Gundlach and Eduard Otto in order to study the flora, fauna, and natural history of the West Indies, and it was this experience that piqued his interest in

mollusks Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is esti ...

conchology Conchology () is the study of mollusc shells. Conchology is one aspect of malacology, the study of molluscs; however, malacology is the study of molluscs as whole organisms, whereas conchology is confined to the study of their shells. It includ ...

, and

malacology Malacology is the branch of invertebrate zoology that deals with the study of the Mollusca (mollusks or molluscs), the second-largest phylum of animals in terms of described species after the arthropods. Mollusks include snails and slugs, clams, ...

. he group explored other islands in the Caribbean, but the experience had to come to and end, as the extended absence from home, which coincided with the deaths of his two remaining children, caused a rift between Pfeiffer and his wife that led to their divorce almost immediately upon his return to Europe in 1841. After remarrying, Pfeiffer adopted a sedentary and academic lifestyle, focusing his energy on the specimens and data he had collected in Cuba, classifying more than 20 new genera and species of mollusks. He proved to be a prolific publisher, and expanded his interest from conchology to the botany that had been his first love, writing several treatises on the nature flora of Hesse and its surrounding regions, coedited with the esteemed botanist Johann Cassebeer. Since 1836, Pfeiffer had been a member of the Cassel Society for Natural history, and from 1837 a member of the

German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina The German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina (german: Deutsche Akademie der Naturforscher Leopoldina – Nationale Akademie der Wissenschaften), short Leopoldina, is the national academy of Germany, and is located in Halle (Saale). Founded ...

and the

Regensburg Botanical Society The Regensburg Botanical Society (''Regensburgische Botanische Gesellschaft''), founded 1790 in the city of Regensburg, Bavaria, Germany, is the oldest extant scientific society focused on botany. It was initially supported by the Prince-Archbis ...

.Hodvina, Sylvain.
Carl Georg Ludwig (Louis) Pfeiffer
', 30 Oct. 2020. In 1868, Pfeiffer and his colleagues

Wilhelm Kobelt Wilhelm Kobelt (20 February 1840 – 26 March 1916) was a German zoologist born in Alsfeld, Grand Duchy of Hesse. He specialized in the field of malacology. Kobelt is remembered for his work as curator of the Senckenberg Museum in Frankfurt am ...

and

Karl Ludwig Fridolin von Sandberger Karl Ludwig Fridolin von Sandberger (22 November 1826 – 12 April 1898), German palaeontologist and geologist, was born at Dillenburg, Nassau, on 22 November 1826. He was educated at the universities of Bonn, Heidelberg and Giessen, at the last ...

added a further membership with the founding of the German Malacozoological Society.Hodvina, Sylvain.
Carl Georg Ludwig (Louis) Pfeiffer
', 30 Oct. 2020. In 1871, Pfeiffer's already failing health was dealt a blow with the death of his youngest son Wilhelm, only 19 years old, on the battlefield in France, one of innumerable casualties of the Franco-Prussian War. In 1874, the increasingly frail Louis Pfeiffer undertook a two month journey to

Catalonia Catalonia (; ca, Catalunya ; Aranese Occitan: ''Catalonha'' ; es, Cataluña ) is an autonomous community of Spain, designated as a ''nationality'' by its Statute of Autonomy. Most of the territory (except the Val d'Aran) lies on the north ...

, where his eldest son Hermann was in business as a merchant, and the trip appears to have been an uneventful one, despite conceding directly with the coup d'etat that toppled the

First Spanish Republic The Spanish Republic ( es, República Española), historiographically referred to as the First Spanish Republic, was the political regime that existed in Spain from 11 February 1873 to 29 December 1874. The Republic's founding ensued after th ...

. In 1875, on the 50th anniversary of his doctorate, and the 70th anniversary of his birth, he was surprised by the medical faculty of the University of Marburg, who renewed his doctoral credentials. In addition to the renewal of his medical doctorate, he was also given an

honorary doctorate An honorary degree is an academic degree for which a university (or other degree-awarding institution) has waived all of the usual requirements. It is also known by the Latin phrases ''honoris causa'' ("for the sake of the honour") or ''ad hon ...

in philosophy by the philosophy faculty, honoring a life spent in pursuit of knowledge. Pfeiffer was also awarded the Prussian

Order of the Red Eagle The Order of the Red Eagle (german: Roter Adlerorden) was an order of chivalry of the Kingdom of Prussia. It was awarded to both military personnel and civilians, to recognize valor in combat, excellence in military leadership, long and faithful se ...

, 4th class, in gratitude for scientific service to the nation. Ludwig Carl Georg Pfeiffer died of a lung infection on October 2, 1877.

Animals named by Pfeiffer

He named more than 20 new genera and species, some of which have become synonyms: *''Buccinum pusillum'' Pfeiffer, 1840 is a synonym of Astyris lunata (Say, 1826) *''Cerithium martinianum'' Pfeiffer, 1840 is a synonym of '' Rhinoclavis (Rhinoclavis) fasciata'' (Bruguière, 1792) *''Cerithium pallidum'' Pfeiffer, 1840 is a synonym of '' Bittiolum varium'' (Pfeiffer, 1840) *''Cerithium varium'' Pfeiffer, 1840 is a synonym of '' Bittiolum varium'' (Pfeiffer, 1840) *'' Glugea cladocera'' Pfeiffer *''

Gulella ''Gulella'' is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Streptaxidae.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Gulella L. Pfeiffer, 1856. Accessed through: World Register of Marine ...

'' Pfeiffer, 1856 *''Marginella pellucida'' Pfeiffer, 1840 is a synonym of '' Prunum pellucidum'' (Pfeiffer, 1840) *'' Melampus cristatus'' Pfeiffer, 1854 *''

Melampus floridanus In Greek mythology, Melampus (; grc, Μελάμπους, ''Melampous'') was a legendary soothsayer and healer, originally of Pylos, who ruled at Argos. He was the introducer of the worship of Dionysus, according to Herodotus, who asserted th ...

'' Pfeiffer, 1856 *''Murex martinianus'' Pfeiffer, 1840 is a synonym of'' Pterynotus alatus'' (Röding, 1798) *'' Natica livida'' Pfeiffer, 1840 *'' Nucula hartvigiana'' Pfeiffer in Dohrn, 1864 *'' Omphalotropis'' Pfeiffer, 1851 *'' Omphalotropis guamensis'' Pfeiffer, 1857 *'' Omphalotropis plicosa'' Pfeiffer, 1852 *'' Paludinella'' Pfeiffer, 1841 *''

Physella ''Physella'' is a genus of small, left-handed or sinistral, air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Physidae. These snails eat algae, diatoms and other detritus. Shell description Snails in the famil ...

'' Pfeiffer, 1861 *'' Sculptaria'' Pfeiffer, 1855 *''Sunetta (Sunettina)'' Pfeiffer, 1869 *'' Sunettina'' Pfeiffer, 1869 *''Terebra maculosa'' Pfeiffer, 1840 is a synonym of '' Acus maculatus'' (Linnaeus, 1758) *'' Truncatella californica'' Pfeiffer, 1857 *'' Truncatella ceylanica'' Pfeiffer, 1857 *'' Truncatella pulchella'' Pfeiffer, 1839 *''Venus puella'' Pfeiffer in Philippi, 1846 is a synonym of '' Anomalocardia puella'' (Pfeiffer in Philippi, 1846)

Plant Life named by Pfeiffer

*''Alziniana'' (Pfeiff. 1873) is a synonym for ''

Alzatea ''Alzatea verticillata'' is a small flowering tree, native to the Neotropics. It inhabits moist submontane forests from Costa Rica and Panama in Central America south to Peru and Bolivia in tropical South America. It is the sole species of gen ...

'' (Ruiz & Pav. 1794) *''

Cephalocereus ''Cephalocereus'' is a genus of slow-growing, columnar-shaped, blue-green cacti. The genus is native to Mexico. Description These cacti show a columnar and upright growth habit, and may be branched or unbranched reaching heights of 10 to 12 met ...

'' (Pfeiff. 1838) *''Cuscutina'' (Pfeiff. 1846) is a synonym of ''

Cuscuta ''Cuscuta'' (), commonly known as dodder or amarbel, is a genus of over 201 species of yellow, orange, or red (rarely green) parasitic plants. Formerly treated as the only genus in the family Cuscutaceae, it now is accepted as belonging in the ...

'' (L. 1753) *''

Discocactus ''Discocactus'' is a genus of Tropics, tropical cactus, cacti. The name comes from the ancient Greek ' (=disc) because of its shape. ''Discocactus'' plants are endemic to southern Brazil, eastern Bolivia, and northern Paraguay. These species ar ...

'' (Pfeiff. 1837) *''Engelmannia'' (Pfeiff. 1845) is a synonym of ''

'' (L. 1753) *''Epilinella'' (Pfeiff. 1845) is a synonym of ''

'' (L. 1753) *''Gymnocampus'' (Pfeiff. 1874) is a synonym of ''

Stylidiaceae The family Stylidiaceae is a taxon of dicotyledonous flowering plants. It consists of five genera with over 240 species, most of which are endemic to Australia and New Zealand. Members of Stylidiaceae are typically grass-like herbs or small shrub ...

'' (R. Br. 1810) *''

Hosta ''Hosta'' (, syn. ''Funkia'') is a genus of plants commonly known as hostas, plantain lilies and occasionally by the Japanese name gibōshi. Hostas are widely cultivated as shade-tolerant foliage plants. The genus is currently placed in the fa ...

'' (Pfeiff. 1874) *'' Lepismium'' (Pfeiff. 1835) *''Terminthia'' (Pfeiff. 1876) is a synonym for '' Searsia'' (F.A. Barkley 1942) *''Cuscuta hassiaca'' (Pfeiff. 1843) is a synonym for ''Cuscuta suaveolens'' (Ser. 1840) *''Cuscuta schkuhriana'' (Pfeiff. 1845) is a synonym for ''

Cuscuta europaea ''Cuscuta europaea'', the greater dodder or European dodder, is a parasitic plant native to Europe, which belongs to the family Convolvulaceae, but was formerly classified in the family Cuscutaceae. It grows on Asteraceae, Cannabaceae, Chenopodia ...

'' (L. 1753) *''Engelmannia migrans'' (Pfeiff. 1845) is a synonym for ''Cuscuta suaveolens'' (Ser. 1840) *''Epilinella cuscutoides'' (Pfeiff. 1845) is a synonym for ''

Cuscuta epilinum ''Cuscuta epilinum'' is a species of flowering plant belonging to the family Convolvulaceae. Its native range is Iran to Central Asia. References

Cuscuta, epilinum {{Botany-stub ...

'' (Weihe 1824) *''Verbascum ruderale'' (Pfeiff. 1845) is a synonym for ''

Verbascum nigrum ''Verbascum nigrum'', the black mullein or dark mullein, is a species of biennial or short-lived perennial herbaceous plant in the mullein genus ''Verbascum'', native to dry open sites in temperate Europe. It grows to . ''Verbascum nigrum'' form ...

'' (L. 1753)

Plant life named after Pfeiffer

*'' Pfeiffera'' (Salm-Dyck 1845) *''Pfeifferago'' (Kuntze 1891) is a synonym for

Codia ''Codia'' is a genus of trees and shrubs in the family Cunoniaceae. The genus is endemic to New Caledonia in the Pacific and contains 15 species. The leaves are opposite or whorled, simple, and the margin usually entire. The flowers are arrange ...

(J.R.Forst. & G.Forst., 1775) *''Pfeifferia'' (Buching. 1846) *''Cactus pfeifferianus'' (Kuntze 1891) is a synonym for Coryphantha cornifera (Lem. 1868) *''Cereus pfeifferi'' (Pfeiff. 1837) is a synonym for Pilosocereus lanuginosus (Byles & G.D.Rowley 1957) *''Echinocactus pfeifferi'' (Seitz 1837) is a synonym for

Ferocactus glaucescens ''Ferocactus glaucescens'', the glaucous barrel cactus, is a species of flowering plant in the family (biology), family Cactaceae, native plant, native to the limestone hills of Hidalgo (state), Hidalgo, endemism, endemic to México. It is a sphe ...

(Britton & Rose 1922) *''Echinofossulocactus pfeifferii'' (Lawr. 1841) is a synonym for

*''Mammillaria pfeifferi'' (Schiedw. 1839) is a synonym for Mammillaria rhodantha (Link & Otto, 1829) *''Mammillaria pfeifferiana'' (de Vriese 1839) is a synonym for Coryphantha cornifera (Lem. 1868)

Marine life named after Pfeiffer

In the course of time, 24 marine species have been named after Pfeiffer with the epithets ''pfeifferi'', ''pfeifferae'', ''pfeifferianus'' and ''pfeifferianum'', many of which have become synonyms:World Register of Marine Species : species named after Pfeiffer
accessed : 14 February 2011 *''Asperiscala pfeifferi'' (de Boury, 1913) is a synonym of '' Epitonium candeanum'' (d’Orbigny, 1842) *''Astarte pfeifferi'' (Philippi, 1849) is a synonym of '' Crassinella lunulata'' (Conrad, 1834) *''Azorica pfeifferae'' (Carter, 1876) is a synonym of '' Leiodermatium pfeifferae'' (Carter, 1876) * ''Cerithium'' (''Proclava'') ''pfeifferi'' (Dunker, 1882) is a synonym of '' Rhinoclavis (Proclava) sordidula'' (Gould, 1849) * ''Clava pfeifferi'' (Dunker, 1882) is a synonym of '' Rhinoclavis (Proclava) sordidula'' (Gould, 1849) * ''Clava turritum var. pfeifferi'' (Dunker, 1882) is a synonym of '' Rhinoclavis (Proclava) sordidula'' (Gould, 1849) * '' Cymatium pfeifferianum'' (Reeve, 1844) * ''Engraulis pfeifferi'' Bleeker, 1852 is a synonym of '' Setipinna breviceps'' (Cantor, 1849) * ''Eutritonium pfeifferianum'' Reeve is a synonym of '' Cymatium pfeifferianum'' (Reeve, 1844) *''Fusus pfeifferi'' Philippi, 1846 is a synonym of '' Pseudolatirus pfeifferi'' (Philippi, 1846) *'' Gibberula pfeifferi'' Faber, 2004 * ''Laimodonta pfeifferi'' Dunker in Pfeiffer, 1860 is a synonym of'' Allochroa layardi'' (H. Adams & A. Adams, 1855) * '' Leiodermatium pfeifferae'' (Carter, 1876) * '' Nassarius pfeifferi'' (Philippi, 1844) * ''Polynemus pfeifferi'' Bleeker, 1853 is a synonym of '' Filimanus xanthonema'' (Valenciennes, 1831) *'' Pseudolatirus pfeifferi'' (Philippi, 1846) *'' Reticutriton pfeifferianus'' (Reeve, 1844) *''Sargassum obovatum'' var. ''pfeifferae'' (Grunow) Grunow, 1915 *''Sargassum pfeifferae'' Grunow, 1874 is a synonym of ''Sargassum obovatum'' var. ''pfeifferae'' (Grunow) Grunow, 1915 *''Sodaliscala pfeifferi'' de Boury, 1913 is a synonym of '' Epitonium candeanum'' (d’Orbigny, 1842) *'' Solen pfeifferi'' Dunker, 1862 *''Tichogonia pfeifferi'' Dunker, 1853 is a synonym of ''

Mytilopsis sallei ''Mytilopsis sallei'', the black-striped mussel, is a small marine bivalve mollusc in the family Dreissenidae, the false mussels. It is closely related and ecologically similar to the zebra mussel, ''Dreissena polymorpha''. It is also considered ...

'' (Récluz, 1849) *''Triton pfeifferianus'' Reeve, 1844 is a synonym of '' Reticutriton pfeifferianus'' (Reeve, 1844) *''Vertagus pfeifferi'' Dunker, 1882 is a synonym of ''Rhinoclavis'' (''Proclava'') ''sordidula'' (Gould, 1849)

Bibliography

Partial list of publications: *1837 - ''Beschreibung und Synonymik der in deutschen Gärten lebend vorkommenden Cacteen''... (L. Öhmigke, Berlin, 1837). *1841-1846
''Symbolae ad historiam Heliceorum''
(T. Fischeri, Cassel, 1841–1846). *1846 - ''Die Gattungen Daudebardia, Simpulopsis,

Vitrina ''Vitrina'' is genus of small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Vitrinidae, the glass snails. Species Species with the genus ''Vitrina'' include: * '' Vitrina angelicae'' Beck, 1837 * '' Vitri ...

und Succinea'' (Bauer et Raspe, Nuremberg, 1846). In: Küster H. C. et al. (eds.). Systematisches Conchylien Cabinet von Martini und Chemnitz, J. H. Casselis
1(part. 11)
1-59, pls. 1-6. *1846 - ''Die gedeckelten Lungenschnecken (helicinacea et cyclostomacea) in Abbildungen nach der Natur''. (deux volumes, Bauer et Raspe, Nuremberg, 1846). ** volume 1 ** 184
volume 2
*''Die Schnirkelschnecken (Gattung Helix) in Abbildungen nach der Natur, mit Beschreibungen (deux parties en un volume, Bauer et Raspe, Nuremberg, 1846) — ces trois derniers volumes font partis de Neues systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet de Friedrich Wilhelm Martini (1729-1778) et de Johann Hieronymus Chemnitz (1730-1800)''. *1847
''Flora von Niederhessen und Münden. Beschreibung aller im Gebiete wildwachsenden und im grossen angebauten Pflanzen''
(T. Fischer, Cassel, 1847). * 1848-1877 - ''Monographia heliceorum viventium, sistens descriptiones''... omnium huius familiae generum et specierum... (huit volumes, F.A. Brockhaus, Leipzig, 1848 à 1877). *1854-1879 - ''Novitates conchologicae. Series I-V. Mollusca extramarina'' (cinq volumes, T. Fischer, Cassel, de 1854 à 1879). **1854-1860
volume I.
**1861-1866. volume II. **1867-1869
volume III.
**1870-1876
volume IV.
**1877-1879
volume V.
*1852
''Conspectus Cyclostomaceorum emendatus et auctus. Pneumonopomorum monographiae prodromus''
*1855 - ''Catalogue of phanero-pneumona or terrestrial operculated mollusca in the collection of the British Museum'' (Woodfall et Kinder, Londres, 1855). *1855
''Catalogue of Pulmonata or air-breathing Mollusca, in the collection of the British Museum. part I.''
*1856
''Monographia auriculaceorum viventium. Sistens descriptiones systematicas et criticas omnium hujus familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum, nec non fossilium enumeratione. Accedente proserpinaceorum necnon generis Truncatellae historia.''
(T. Fischer, Cassel, 1856). * 1857 - ''Catalogue of Auriculidae.

Proserpinidae Proserpinidae is a Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic family (biology), family of small land snails with an operculum (gastropod), operculum, gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Helicinoidea (according to the Taxonomy of the Gastropoda (Bouchet & Ro ...

and

Truncatellidae Truncatellidae, common name the "looping snails", is a family of small amphibious snails, with gills and an operculum, semi-marine gastropod mollusks or micromollusks. Shell description This family of snails have small shells which lose th ...

in the collection of the British Museum'' (Taylor et Francis, 1857)
Link
*1858, 1865, 1876 - ''Monographia pneumonopomorum viventium''. **1852
Monographia pneumonopomorum viventium ... accedente fossilium enumeratione (1852)copy 2
**1858
supplement 1.
**1865
supplement 2.
**1876
supplement 3.
*1862 - ''Die Gattung Cylindrella Pfr. in Abbildungen nach der Natur mit Beschreibungen''
Link
* 1869 - ''Die Familie der Venusmuscheln, Veneracea, nebst einen Anhange enthaltend die Chemnitz'schen Lucinen, Galaten und Corbis'' (Bauer et Raspe, Nuremberg, 1869) — édité dans la série Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet von Martini und Chemnitz. *Synonymia botanica locupletissima generum, sectionum vel subgenerum ad finem anni 1858 promulgatorum (deux volumes, T. Fischer, Cassel, 1870–1874). *1873-1874 - ''Nomenclator botanicus. Nominum ad finem anni 1858 publici juris factorum, classes, ordines, tribus, familias, divisiones, genera, subgenera vel sectiones designantium enumeratio alphabetica. Adjectis auctoribus, temporibus, locis systematicis apud varios, notis literariis atque etymologicis et synonymis'' (deux tomes en quatre volumes, T. Fischer, Cassel, 1873–1874). **187
volume 1
*1881 - ''Nomenclator heliceorum viventium quo continentur nomina omnium hujus familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum disposita ex affinitate naturali'' (édition posthume, T. Fischer, Cassel, 1881).

References

External links

Amédée Dechambre Amédée Dechambre (12 January 1812 in Sens – 4 January 1886 in Paris) was a French physician and medical writer. He studied medicine in Paris, where he also worked as a hospital intern. In 1844 he received his medical doctorate from the Un ...

(1887). Dictionnaire encyclopédique des sciences médicales. G. Masson (Paris). * *
Zoologica

Göttingen State and University Library The Göttingen State and University Library (german: Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen or SUB Göttingen) is the library for Göttingen University as well as for the Göttingen Academy of Sciences and is the state li ...

{{DEFAULTSORT:Pfeiffer, Ludwig Karl Georg Conchologists 1805 births 1877 deaths 19th-century German botanists People from the Electorate of Hesse German pathologists Scientists from Kassel