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Al-Irshad Al-Islamiya
Al-Irshad Al-Islamiya Association ( ar-at, جمعية الإصلاح والإرشاد الإسلاميه, Jam'iyat al-Ishlah wal Irshad al-Islamiyya) is an organization in Indonesia engaged in educational and religious activities. The organization was established on September 6, 1914 (15 Shawwal 1332 H). The date refers to the establishment of the first Al-Irshad school in Batavia. The organization had its own legal recognition from the Dutch colonial government on August 11, 1915. History According to Majlis Da'wah al-Irshad (al-Irshad Department of Preaching), the name ''Irshad'' referred to the name ( ar-at, جمعية الدعوة والإرشاد, Jam'iyat al-Da'wah wa al-Irshad; the Association for Propaganda and Guidance) of the founder Rashid Rida who was from Egypt. Al-Irshad Al-Islamiya is an Indonesian national Islamic organization. In terms of membership, as stated in the Articles of Association of Al-Irshad: "Citizens of the Republic of Indonesia who are Muslims who ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ahmad Surkati
Ahmad Surkati ( ar, احمد بن محمد السركتي; ; ; 1875 CE – 6 September 1943) was the founder of the organization Jam'iyat al-Islah wa Al-Irsyad al-Arabiyah (''Arab Association for Reform and Guidance''), which later transformed into ''Jam'iyat al-Islah wal Irsyad al-Islamiyyah'', which is more commonly called as ''al-Irshad'' in Batavia, August 1915. Many historians acknowledge ''al-Irshad'' role in the reformation of Islamic thought in Indonesia, but unfortunately his name is not mentioned in the discourse of Islamic thought in Indonesia. Early life Ahmad Surkati was born ''Ahmad bin Muhammad Surkati al-Anshori'' in around 1875 CE in Udfu, Arqu island near Dongola town, Sudan. The word ''Surkati'' is taken from Dongolawi language meaning ''Many Books'' (''Sur'', books; ''Katti'', many), because His grandfather had a lot of books when he returned from study. It is believed that he was descendant of a Sahabah named '' Jabir bin Abdillah al-Anshori''. He came fro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
PERSIS (Organization)
Persatuan Islam (abbreviated ''PERSIS'' or ''Islamic Union'') is an Islamic organization in Indonesia founded on 12 September 1923 in Bandung by a group of Muslims who are interested in education and religious activities led by Haji Zamzam and Haji Muhammad Yunus. History The idea started from an alumnus of Dar al-'Ulum in Mecca named H. Zamzam who since 1910-1912 CE was the religious teacher in the religious school ''Dar Al-Muta'alimîn''. H. Zamzam founded the organization along with his close friend H. Muhammad Yunus. Both of them were born in Palembang. Muhammad Yunus, a trader who was quite successful, in his youth earned a traditional religious education and mastered the Arabic language, so he could self-taught through the scriptures of interests. The equal educational background and culture uniting them in Islamic discussions. The topics of their discussions were usually matters related to religious movements that were developing at the time, or religious matters published ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Islamic Organizations Based In Indonesia
Islam (; ar, ۘالِإسلَام, , ) is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion centred primarily around the Quran, a religious text considered by Muslims to be the direct word of God (or ''Allah'') as it was revealed to Muhammad, the main and final Islamic prophet.Peters, F. E. 2009. "Allāh." In , edited by J. L. Esposito. Oxford: Oxford University Press. . (See alsoquick reference) " e Muslims' understanding of Allāh is based...on the Qurʿān's public witness. Allāh is Unique, the Creator, Sovereign, and Judge of mankind. It is Allāh who directs the universe through his direct action on nature and who has guided human history through his prophets, Abraham, with whom he made his covenant, Moses/Moosa, Jesus/Eesa, and Muḥammad, through all of whom he founded his chosen communities, the 'Peoples of the Book.'" It is the world's second-largest religion behind Christianity, with its followers ranging between 1-1.8 billion globally, or around a quarter of the world's pop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indonesian National Awakening
The Indonesian National Awakening ( id, Kebangkitan Nasional Indonesia) is a term for the period in the first half of the 20th century, during which people from many parts of the archipelago of Indonesia first began to develop a national consciousness as "Indonesians". In the pursuit of profits and administrative control, the Dutch imposed an authority of the Dutch East Indies on an array of peoples who had not previously shared a unified political identity. By the start of the 20th century, the Dutch had formed the territorial boundaries of a colonial state that became the precursor to modern Indonesia. In the first half of the 20th century, new organisations and leadership developed. Under its Ethical Policy, the Netherlands helped create an educated Indonesian elite. These profound changes amongst the indigenous Indonesian population are often referred to as the "Indonesian National Revival". They were accompanied by increased political activism and culminated in Indonesian n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taqlid
''Taqlid'' (Arabic تَقْليد ''taqlīd'') is an Islamic term denoting the conformity of one person to the teaching of another. The person who performs ''taqlid'' is termed ''muqallid''. The definite meaning of the term varies depending on context and age. Classical usage of the term differs between Sunni Islam and Shia Islam. Sunni Islamic usage designates the unjustified conformity of one person to the teaching of another, rather than the justified conformity of a layperson to the teaching of '' mujtahid'' (a person who is qualified for independent reasoning). Shia Islamic usage designates the general conformity of non-''mujtahid'' to the teaching of ''mujtahid'', and there is no negative connotation. The discrepancy corresponds to differing views on Shia views on the Imamate and Sunni imams. In contemporary usage, especially in the context of Islamic reformism, it is often portrayed in a negative light and translated as "blind imitation". This refers to the perceived st ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salaf
Salaf ( ar, سلف, "ancestors" or "predecessors"), also often referred to with the honorific expression of "al-salaf al-ṣāliḥ" (, "the pious predecessors") are often taken to be the first three generations of Muslims. This comprises Muhammad and his companions (the ), their followers (the ), and the followers of the followers (the ). Their religious significance lay in the statement attributed to Muhammad: "The best of my community are my generation, the ones who follow them and the ones who follow them", a period believed to exemplify the pure form of Islam. Second generation The Tabi‘un, the successors of Sahabah. * Abu Hanifah Nuʿmān ibn Thābit ibn Zūṭā ibn Marzubān * Abu Muslim Al-Khawlani * Abu Suhail an-Nafi' ibn 'Abd ar-Rahman * Al-Rabi Ibn Khuthaym * Ali Akbar * Ali ibn Husayn (Zain-ul-'Abidin) * Alqama ibn Qays al-Nakha'i * Ata Ibn Abi Rabah * Atiyya bin Saad * Hasan al-Basri * Iyas Ibn Muawiyah Al-Muzani * Masruq ibn al-Ajda' * Muhammad al-Baq ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sunnah
In Islam, , also spelled ( ar, سنة), are the traditions and practices of the Islamic prophet Muhammad that constitute a model for Muslims to follow. The sunnah is what all the Muslims of Muhammad's time evidently saw and followed and passed on to the next generations. According to classical Islamic theories, the sunnah are documented by hadith (the verbally transmitted record of the teachings, deeds and sayings, silent permissions or disapprovals of Muhammad), and along with the Quran (the book of Islam), are the divine revelation ('' Wahy'') delivered through Muhammad Brown, ''Rethinking tradition in modern Islamic thought'', 1996: p.7 that make up the primary sources of Islamic law and belief/theology. Differing from Sunni classical Islamic theories are those of Shia Muslims, who hold that the Twelve Imams interpret the sunnah, and Sufi who hold that Muhammad transmitted the values of sunnah "through a series of Sufi teachers." According to Muslim belief, Muhammad was the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qur'an
The Quran (, ; Standard Arabic: , Quranic Arabic: , , 'the recitation'), also romanized Qur'an or Koran, is the central religious text of Islam, believed by Muslims to be a revelation from God. It is organized in 114 chapters (pl.: , sing.: ), which consist of verses (pl.: , sing.: , cons.: ). In addition to its religious significance, it is widely regarded as the finest work in Arabic literature, and has significantly influenced the Arabic language. Muslims believe that the Quran was orally revealed by God to the final prophet, Muhammad, through the archangel Gabriel incrementally over a period of some 23 years, beginning in the month of Ramadan, when Muhammad was 40; and concluding in 632, the year of his death. Muslims regard the Quran as Muhammad's most important miracle; a proof of his prophethood; and the culmination of a series of divine messages starting with those revealed to Adam, including the Torah, the Psalms and the Gospel. The word ''Quran'' occurs so ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polytheistic
Polytheism is the belief in multiple deities, which are usually assembled into a pantheon of gods and goddesses, along with their own religious sects and rituals. Polytheism is a type of theism. Within theism, it contrasts with monotheism, the belief in a singular God who is, in most cases, transcendent. In religions that accept polytheism, the different gods and goddesses may be representations of forces of nature or ancestral principles; they can be viewed either as autonomous or as aspects or emanations of a creator deity or transcendental absolute principle (monistic theologies), which manifests immanently in nature (panentheistic and pantheistic theologies). Polytheists do not always worship all the gods equally; they can be henotheists, specializing in the worship of one particular deity, or kathenotheists, worshiping different deities at different times. Polytheism was the typical form of religion before the development and spread of the Abrahamic religions of Jud ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tegal (city)
Tegal is a city in the northwest part of Central Java of Indonesia. It is situated on the north coast (or ''pesisir'') of Central Java, about from Semarang, the capital of the province. It had a population of 239,599 at the 2010 Census and 276,734 at the 2015 Census. Its built-up (''or metro'') area made up of Tegal Municipality and 12 districts spread over Tegal and Brebes Regencies was home to 1,366,858 inhabitants as of 2010 census. It is administratively separate from Tegal Regency, which borders it to the south and east; Brebes Regency borders it to the west. The Dutch East Indies colonial sugar industry originated in Tegal and the nearby city of Pekalongan, approximately to the east. Tegal Regency remained a major sugar production center until the mid-20th century. The city served as a port for exporting sugar produced on the nearby plantations. Tegal is famous for its warung, commonly called "warteg" or warung tegal. It is also known for its tea products, such as teh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Surabaya
Surabaya ( jv, ꦱꦸꦫꦧꦪ or jv, ꦯꦹꦫꦨꦪ; ; ) is the capital city of the Provinces of Indonesia, Indonesian province of East Java and the List of Indonesian cities by population, second-largest city in Indonesia, after Jakarta. Located on the northeastern border of Java island, on the Madura Strait, it is one of the earliest port cities in Southeast Asia. According to the Government of Indonesia, National Development Planning Agency, Surabaya is one of the Regions of Indonesia#Development regions, four main central cities of Indonesia, alongside Jakarta, Medan, and Makassar. The city has a population of 2.87 million within its city limits at the 2020 census and 9.5 million in the extended Surabaya metropolitan area, making it the List of metropolitan areas in Indonesia, second-largest metropolitan area in Indonesia. The city was settled in the 10th century by the Janggala, Kingdom of Janggala, one of the two Javanese kingdoms that was formed in 1045 when ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indonesian Language
Indonesian ( ) is the official language, official and national language of Indonesia. It is a standard language, standardized variety (linguistics), variety of Malay language, Malay, an Austronesian languages, Austronesian language that has been used as a lingua franca in the multilingual Indonesian archipelago for centuries. Indonesia is the fourth most list of countries by population, populous nation in the world, with over 270 million inhabitants—of which the majority speak Indonesian, which makes it one of the most List of languages by total number of speakers, widely spoken languages in the world.James Neil Sneddon. ''The Indonesian Language: Its History and Role in Modern Society''. UNSW Press, 2004. Most Indonesians, aside from speaking the national language, are fluent in at least one of the more than 700 indigenous languages of Indonesia, local languages; examples include Javanese language, Javanese and Sundanese language, Sundanese, which are commonly used at home a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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