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Akysidae
The stream catfishes comprise the family Akysidae of catfishes. Distribution and habitat Akysids are known from across a large area in Southeast Asia. They are found in fresh water. Fish of the subfamily Parakysinae are primarily found in the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Sarawak, and western and southern Borneo. Most species are generally found in deeper parts of relatively swift rivers and forest streams. Taxonomy It includes at least 57 species in five genera; many species are only recently described. The family is divided into two subfamilies, Akysinae and Parakysinae. The Parakysinae had previously been listed as an independent family. This family is sister to a clade formed by Sisoridae, Erethistidae, and Aspredinidae. Description Akysids are small to minute fishes with cryptic colouration, tiny eyes, and completely covered with unculiferous plaques or tubercles. In some genera, some of the tubercles on the body are enlarged and arranged in distinctive longitudinal rows, the n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Akysis
''Akysis'' is the largest genus of catfishes (order (biology), order Siluriformes) of the family (biology), family Akysidae. Taxonomy In 1996, it was determined that ''Akysis'' is the cladistics, sister group to all other akysids, then only including ''Parakysis'', ''Acrochordonichthys'', and ''Breitensteinia''. However, it was acknowledged that the genus ''Akysis'' was poorly-sampled at the time and may be deemed non-monophyly, monophyletic in the future. In 1998, it was recognized that the large genus ''Akysis'' includes two species groups. The first species group was the ''Akysis variegatus'' group, for species more closely related to the biological type, type species; the other group was the ''pseudobagarius'' group for species more closely related to the formerly-named ''Akysis pseudobagarius''; the authors recognized it as conceivable that the groups represented two genera, but tentatively retained the species in a single genus. Since then, the genus ''Pseudobagarius'' was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catfish
Catfish (or catfishes; order Siluriformes or Nematognathi) are a diverse group of ray-finned fish. Named for their prominent barbels, which resemble a cat's whiskers, catfish range in size and behavior from the three largest species alive, the Mekong giant catfish from Southeast Asia, the wels catfish of Eurasia, and the piraíba of South America, to detritivores (species that eat dead material on the bottom), and even to a tiny parasitic species commonly called the candiru, ''Vandellia cirrhosa''. Neither the armour-plated types nor the naked types have scales. Despite their name, not all catfish have prominent barbels or "whiskers". Members of the Siluriformes order are defined by features of the skull and swimbladder. Catfish are of considerable commercial importance; many of the larger species are farmed or fished for food. Many of the smaller species, particularly the genus ''Corydoras'', are important in the aquarium hobby. Many catfish are nocturnal, [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parakysis
''Parakysis'' is a genus of catfishes ( order Siluriformes) of the family Akysidae. It includes six species. Distribution ''Parakysis'' species are found in small forest streams of Sundaic Southeast Asia. ''P. anomalopteryx'' originates from the Kapuas River basin in western Borneo. ''P. grandis'' inhabits the Kapuas and Kuching River basins in Borneo and Deli, Indragiri, and Batang Hari basins in Sumatra. ''P. longirostris'' is distributed in Singapore, peninsular Malaysia, and the Riau Archipelago. ''P. verrucosus'' is known from Peninsular Malaysia and the Riau Archipelago. The discovery of ''P. notialis'' in 2003 expanded the known range of ''Parakysis'' species to the Barito River basin in southern Borneo. Description They are cryptically colored fishes that have a highly rugose skin with tubercles all over the body, branched mandibular barbels, a long, low adipose ridge, and a forked caudal fin. ''Parakysis'' species characteristically have pigmented tubercles and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pseudobagarius
''Pseudobagarius'' is a genus of catfishes ( order Siluriformes) of the family Akysidae. Taxonomy ''Pseudobagarius'' includes species that were originally part of the ''pseudobagarius'' group of the genus ''Akysis''. This group was first recognized in 1998; the authors recognized it as conceivable that this group and the ''Akysis variegatus'' represented two genera, but tentatively retained the species in a single genus. The genus was erected for these species in 2007. Distribution and habitat ''Pseudobagarius'' species are from Southeast Asia, including Borneo, Cambodia, China, Laos, Thailand, and Vietnam. ''Pseudobagarius'' species typically inhabit clear, swiftly flowing upland streams with sandy or rocky substrates. However, ''P. similis'' is known to occur in brackish water. Description ''Pseudobagarius'' species are akysids with the snout extending well anterior of the margin of lower jaw (which renders the mouth subterminal), the anterior and posterior nostrils relative ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Breitensteinia
''Breitensteinia'' is a genus of catfishes ( order Siluriformes) of the family Akysidae. It includes three species. Taxonomy ''B. insignis'' was first described for an unusual akysid by Franz Steindachner in 1881. The genus had been monotypic since its description until a revision in 1998, along with the description of the two species ''B. cessator'' and ''B. hypselurus''. This genus stands out as derived among the akysids due to the large increase in vertebrae count. ''B. insignis'' and ''B. cessator'' are more closely related to one another than to ''B. hypselurus'', the sister group to the clade formed by the former two species. Species * '' Breitensteinia cessator'' Ng & Siebert, 1998 * '' Breitensteinia hypselurus'' Ng & Siebert, 1998 * '' Breitensteinia insignis'' Steindachner, 1881 Distribution and habitat ''Breitensteinia'' species inhabit the middle and upper reaches of rivers in Borneo and Sumatra. ''B. cessator'' is known from the Batang Hari and Tulang ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acrochordonichthys Rugosus
''Acrochordonichthys rugosus'' is a species of catfish of the family Akysidae. It inhabits clear, swiftly flowing forested streams of Thailand, Malaysia and Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guine .... A detailed discussion of this species's relationship with the other members of its genus can be found on '' Acrochordonichthys''. References Akysidae Freshwater fish of Indonesia Freshwater fish of Malaysia Fish of Thailand Fish described in 1846 {{Siluriformes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acrochordonichthys
''Acrochordonichthys'' is a genus of catfishes ( order Siluriformes) of the family Akysidae. It includes ten species. Distribution and habitat ''Acrochordonichthys'' species are generally found at the bottoms of rivers throughout Southeast Asia. Many of the species are only known from Borneo. ''A. guttatus'' is known only from the Barito River drainage in southern Borneo. ''A. mahakamensis'' is known only from the Mahakam River drainage in eastern Borneo it is named for. ''A. chamaeleon'' and ''A. strigosus'' are known only from the Kapuas River drainage in western Borneo. ''A. falcifer'' is known only from the Kinabatangan and Segama River drainages, and possibly from the Kayan River drainage, in north-eastern Borneo. ''A. pachyderma'' is known only from the Kapuas, Mahakam, and Kinabatangan River drainages in western, eastern, and north-eastern Borneo, respectively. ''A. septentrionalis'' is known only from the Mae Klong River drainage in Thailand and the Pahang River drainage ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erethistidae
Erethistidae are a family of catfishes that originate from southern Asia. It includes about 45 species. Taxonomy This family includes species previously placed in Sisoridae. They were removed because they were thought to be more closely related to the neotropical Aspredinidae than to the remaining sisorids due to a number of morphological characters. However, it has been suggested that the erethistid catfishes be included back into Sisoridae and some genera are included in that family by some authorities. Distribution Erethistids are found on the Indian subcontinent eastwards to western Thailand and northern Malay Peninsula. Description Many of the members of this family are small, cryptically colored fishes with tuberculate skin. Erethistids are distinguished from sisorids by having a pectoral girdle with a long coracoid process that extends well beyond the base of the pectoral fin; this structure can be felt through the skin in all genera and is visible externally in all g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gill Raker
Gill rakers in fish are bony or cartilaginous processes that project from the branchial arch (gill arch) and are involved with suspension feeding tiny prey. They are not to be confused with the gill filaments that compose the fleshy part of the gill used for gas exchange. Rakers are usually present in two rows, projecting from both the anterior and posterior side of each gill arch. Rakers are widely varied in number, spacing, and form. By preventing food particles from exiting the spaces between the gill arches, they enable the retention of food particles in filter feeders. The structure and spacing of gill rakers in fish determines the size of food particles trapped, and correlates with feeding behavior. Fish with densely spaced, elongated, comb-like gill rakers are efficient at filtering tiny prey, whereas carnivores and omnivores often have more widely spaced gill rakers with secondary projections. Because gill raker characters often vary between closely related taxa, they are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pectoral Fin
Fins are distinctive anatomical features composed of bony spines or rays protruding from the body of a fish. They are covered with skin and joined together either in a webbed fashion, as seen in most bony fish, or similar to a flipper, as seen in sharks. Apart from the tail or caudal fin, fish fins have no direct connection with the spine and are supported only by muscles. Their principal function is to help the fish swim. Fins located in different places on the fish serve different purposes such as moving forward, turning, keeping an upright position or stopping. Most fish use fins when swimming, flying fish use pectoral fins for gliding, and frogfish use them for crawling. Fins can also be used for other purposes; male sharks and mosquitofish use a modified fin to deliver sperm, thresher sharks use their caudal fin to stun prey, reef stonefish have spines in their dorsal fins that inject venom, anglerfish use the first spine of their dorsal fin like a fishing rod ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clade
A clade (), also known as a monophyletic group or natural group, is a group of organisms that are monophyletic – that is, composed of a common ancestor and all its lineal descendants – on a phylogenetic tree. Rather than the English term, the equivalent Latin term ''cladus'' (plural ''cladi'') is often used in taxonomical literature. The common ancestor may be an individual, a population, or a species (extinct or extant). Clades are nested, one in another, as each branch in turn splits into smaller branches. These splits reflect evolutionary history as populations diverged and evolved independently. Clades are termed monophyletic (Greek: "one clan") groups. Over the last few decades, the cladistic approach has revolutionized biological classification and revealed surprising evolutionary relationships among organisms. Increasingly, taxonomists try to avoid naming taxa that are not clades; that is, taxa that are not monophyletic. Some of the relationships between org ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adipose Fin
Fins are distinctive anatomical features composed of bony spines or rays protruding from the body of a fish. They are covered with skin and joined together either in a webbed fashion, as seen in most bony fish, or similar to a flipper, as seen in sharks. Apart from the tail or caudal fin, fish fins have no direct connection with the spine and are supported only by muscles. Their principal function is to help the fish swim. Fins located in different places on the fish serve different purposes such as moving forward, turning, keeping an upright position or stopping. Most fish use fins when swimming, flying fish use pectoral fins for gliding, and frogfish use them for crawling. Fins can also be used for other purposes; male sharks and mosquitofish use a modified fin to deliver sperm, thresher sharks use their caudal fin to stun prey, reef stonefish have spines in their dorsal fins that inject venom, anglerfish use the first spine of their dorsal fin like a fishing rod to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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