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Agriculture In Finland
Agriculture in Finland is characterized by the northern climate and self-sufficiency in most major agricultural products. Its economic role is declining in terms of GNP and employment in primary production, but together with the food industry and forestry with which it is linked, it forms a significant part of the Finnish economy. The number of farms has steadily declined for the last decades. Between 2000 and 2012 their number fell from almost 80,000 in 2000 to about 60,000, while the amount of arable land has slightly increased to a total of almost 2.3 million hectares. Agriculture employed 125,000 people in 2010, which is a drop of 30 percent from 2000. A study to examine job resources, work engagement and Finnish dairy farmers' preferences concerning methods to enhance overall well-being while working on farms was conducted. The results indicate that the family, working with cattle, healthy farm animals, a reasonable workload, and a sustainable farm economy have the capacity ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ethanol
Ethanol (abbr. EtOH; also called ethyl alcohol, grain alcohol, drinking alcohol, or simply alcohol) is an organic compound. It is an Alcohol (chemistry), alcohol with the chemical formula . Its formula can be also written as or (an ethyl group linked to a hydroxyl group). Ethanol is a Volatility (chemistry), volatile, Combustibility and flammability, flammable, colorless liquid with a characteristic wine-like odor and pungent taste. It is a psychoactive recreational drug, the active ingredient in alcoholic drinks. Ethanol is naturally produced by the fermentation process of Carbohydrate, sugars by yeasts or via Petrochemistry, petrochemical processes such as ethylene hydration. It has medical applications as an antiseptic and disinfectant. It is used as a chemical solvent and in the Chemical synthesis, synthesis of organic compounds, and as a Alcohol fuel, fuel source. Ethanol also can be dehydrated to make ethylene, an important chemical feedstock. As of 2006, world produ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leaf Blotch (other) ''/''Mycosphaerella graminicola'', a plant pathogen that is difficult to control due to resistance to multiple fungicides
{{disambiguation ...
Leaf blotch may refer to: * Leaf blotch miner moth (''Acrocercops brongniardella''), a moth species found in Europe and North America * Septoria leaf blotch - ''Zymoseptoria tritici ''Zymoseptoria tritici'', synonyms ''Septoria tritici'', ''Mycosphaerella graminicola'', is a species of filamentous fungus, an ascomycete in the family ''Mycosphaerellaceae''. It is a wheat plant pathogen causing septoria leaf blotch that is d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spring Wheat
Winter wheat (usually ''Triticum aestivum'') are strains of wheat that are planted in the autumn to germinate and develop into young plants that remain in the vegetative phase during the winter and resume growth in early spring. Classification into spring wheat versus winter wheat is common and traditionally refers to the season during which the crop is grown. For winter wheat, the physiological stage of heading (when the ear first emerges) is delayed until the plant experiences vernalization, a period of 30 to 60 days of cold winter temperatures (0° to 5 °C; 32–41 °F). Winter wheat is usually planted from September to November (in the Northern Hemisphere) and harvested in the summer or early autumn of the next year. In some places (e.g. Chile) a winter-wheat crop fully 'completes' in a year's time before harvest. Winter wheat usually yields more than spring wheat. So-called "facultative" wheat varieties need shorter periods of vernalization time (15–30 days) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ramularia Collo-cygni
''Ramularia'' is a genus of ascomycete fungi. Its species, which are anamorphs of the genus ''Mycosphaerella'', are plant pathogens. Hosts include '' Narcissus'' and barley Barley (''Hordeum vulgare''), a member of the grass family, is a major cereal grain grown in temperate climates globally. It was one of the first cultivated grains, particularly in Eurasia as early as 10,000 years ago. Globally 70% of barley pr .... References Further reading * External links * Fungal plant pathogens and diseases Mycosphaerellaceae genera {{Capnodiales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ramularia
''Ramularia'' is a genus of ascomycete fungi. Its species, which are anamorphs of the genus ''Mycosphaerella'', are plant pathogens. Hosts include '' Narcissus'' and barley Barley (''Hordeum vulgare''), a member of the grass family, is a major cereal grain grown in temperate climates globally. It was one of the first cultivated grains, particularly in Eurasia as early as 10,000 years ago. Globally 70% of barley pr .... References Further reading * External links * Fungal plant pathogens and diseases Mycosphaerellaceae genera {{Capnodiales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fusarium Langsethiae
''Fusarium langsethiae'' is a species of fungus in the family Nectriaceae. It is a suspected plant pathogen. This species was isolated from oats, wheat and barley kernels in several European countries. It resembles '' Fusarium poae'', from which it differs by slower growth, less aerial mycelium and absence of odour. Its turnip-shaped or spherical conidia are borne in the aerial mycelium, whereas those of ''F. poae'' are produced on straight monophialide The phialide ( ; el, phialis, diminutive of phiale, a broad, flat vessel) is a flask-shaped projection from the vesicle (dilated part of the top of conidiophore) of certain fungi. It projects from the mycelium without increasing in length unless ...s mostly in the aerial mycelium. It does not produce sporodochial conidia. References Further reading * * * External links *Study of ''Fusarium langsethiae'' infection in UK cereals Fungi described in 2004 Fungal plant pathogens and diseases langsethiae {{plant ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhynchosporium Secalis
Rhynchosporium secalis is an ascomycete fungus that is the causal agent of Scald (barley disease), barley and rye scald. Morphology No sexual stage is known. The mycelium is hyaline to light gray and develops sparsely as a compact stroma under the cuticle of the host plant. Condia (2-4 x 12-20 μm) are borne sessilely on cells of the fertile stroma. They are hyaline, 1-septate, and cylindric to ovate, mostly with a short apical beak. Microconida have been reported, but their function is unknown. They are exuded from flasklike mycelial branches. Host species *''Agropyron dasystachyum'', ''Agropyron desertorum, A. desertorum'', ''Agropyron elmeri, A. elmeri'', ''Agropyron intermedium, A. intermedium'', ''Agropyron riparium, A. riparium'', ''Agropyron scabriglume, A. scabriglume'', ''Agropyron semicostatum, A. semicostatum'', ''Agropyron trachycaulum, A. subsecundum'', ''Agropyron trachycaulum, A. trachycaulum'', Agropyron trachycaulum var. trachycaulum, ''A. trachycaulum'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cochliobolus Sativus
The fungus ''Cochliobolus sativus'' is the teleomorph (sexual stage) of ''Bipolaris sorokiniana'' (anamorph) which is the causal agent of a wide variety of cereal diseases. The pathogen can infect and cause disease on roots (where it is known as common root rot), leaf and stem, and head tissue. ''C. sativus'' is extremely rare in nature and thus it is the asexual or anamorphic stage which causes infections. The two most common diseases caused by ''B. sorokiniana'' are spot blotch and common root rot, mainly on wheat and barley crops. Identification The mycelium of ''B. sorokiniana'' is usually deep olive-brown. New cultures produce abundant simple conidiophores, which may be single or clustered and measure 6–10 x 110–220 μm with septations. Conidia develop laterally from pores beneath each conidiophore septum. Conidia are olive-brown and ovate to oblong, with rounded ends and a prominent basal scar. They measure 15–28 x 40–120 μm and are 3- to 10-septate. Some may b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Drechslera Teres
''Drechslera'' is a genus of fungi. Many of the species in this genus are plant pathogens. Species The following species are accepted within ''Drechslera'':Drechslera S.Ito in GBIF Secretariat (2017). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via https://www.gbif.org/species/2587966 on 2018-08-02. *'' Drechslera andersenii'' A.Lam *'' Drechslera apii'' ( Göbelez) M.J.Richardson & E.M.Fraser *''Drechslera arizonica'' ( R.Sprague) Subram. & B.L.Jain *'' Drechslera avenacea'' ( M.A.Curtis ex Cooke) Shoemaker *''Drechslera avenicola'' B.D.Sun & T.Y.Zhang *''Drechslera boeremae'' A.S.Patil & V.G.Rao *'' Drechslera campanulata'' ( Lév.) B.Sutton *''Drechslera chattopadhyayi'' N.C.Mandal & M.K.Dasgupta *''Drechslera cymmartinii'' A.P.Misra & R.A.Singh *'' Drechslera dematioidea'' *''Drechslera elliptica'' H.F.Wang & T.Y.Zhang, 2017 *''Drechslera ellisii'' Danquah *'' Drechslera eragrostidis'' ( Henn.) Subram. & B.L.Jain *' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Drechslera
''Drechslera'' is a genus of fungi. Many of the species in this genus are plant pathogens. Species The following species are accepted within ''Drechslera'':Drechslera S.Ito in GBIF Secretariat (2017). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via https://www.gbif.org/species/2587966 on 2018-08-02. *'' Drechslera andersenii'' A.Lam *'' Drechslera apii'' ( Göbelez) M.J.Richardson & E.M.Fraser *''Drechslera arizonica'' ( R.Sprague) Subram. & B.L.Jain *'' Drechslera avenacea'' ( M.A.Curtis ex Cooke) Shoemaker *''Drechslera avenicola'' B.D.Sun & T.Y.Zhang *''Drechslera boeremae'' A.S.Patil & V.G.Rao *'' Drechslera campanulata'' ( Lév.) B.Sutton *''Drechslera chattopadhyayi'' N.C.Mandal & M.K.Dasgupta *''Drechslera cymmartinii'' A.P.Misra & R.A.Singh *'' Drechslera dematioidea'' *''Drechslera elliptica'' H.F.Wang & T.Y.Zhang, 2017 *''Drechslera ellisii'' Danquah *'' Drechslera eragrostidis'' ( Henn.) Subram. & B.L.Jain *' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tomato
The tomato is the edible berry of the plant ''Solanum lycopersicum'', commonly known as the tomato plant. The species originated in western South America, Mexico, and Central America. The Mexican Nahuatl word gave rise to the Spanish word , from which the English word ''tomato'' derived. Its domestication and use as a cultivated food may have originated with the indigenous peoples of Mexico. The Aztecs used tomatoes in their cooking at the time of the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire, and after the Spanish encountered the tomato for the first time after their contact with the Aztecs, they brought the plant to Europe, in a widespread transfer of plants known as the Columbian exchange. From there, the tomato was introduced to other parts of the European-colonized world during the 16th century. Tomatoes are a significant source of umami flavor. They are consumed in diverse ways: raw or cooked, and in many dishes, sauces, salads, and drinks. While tomatoes are fruits†... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
