Rhynchosporium secalis is an

ascomycete Ascomycota is a phylum of the kingdom Fungi that, together with the Basidiomycota, forms the subkingdom Dikarya. Its members are commonly known as the sac fungi or ascomycetes. It is the largest phylum of Fungi, with over 64,000 species. The defi ...

fungus that is the causal agent of barley and rye scald.

Morphology

No sexual stage is known. The mycelium is hyaline to light gray and develops sparsely as a compact stroma under the cuticle of the host plant. Condia (2-4 x 12-20 μm) are borne sessilely on cells of the fertile stroma. They are hyaline, 1-septate, and cylindric to ovate, mostly with a short apical beak. Microconida have been reported, but their function is unknown. They are exuded from flasklike mycelial branches.

Host species

*'' Agropyron dasystachyum'', '' A. desertorum'', '' A. elmeri'', '' A. intermedium'', '' A. riparium'', '' A. scabriglume'', '' A. semicostatum'', '' A. subsecundum'', '' A. trachycaulum'', ''A. trachycaulum'' var. ''trachycaulum'', ''A. trachycaulum'' var. ''unilaterale'' *''

Agrostis gigantea ''Agrostis gigantea'', known by its common names black bent and redtop, is a perennial grass of the '' Agrostis'' genus. It is native to Europe, but in the cooler areas of North America was widely used as a pasture grass until the 1940s. Althoug ...

'', '' A. stolonifera'', '' A. tenuis'' *''

Alopecurus geniculatus ''Alopecurus geniculatus'' is a species of Poaceae, grass known by the common name water foxtail or marsh foxtail. It is native to much of Eurasia and introduced into North America, South America, and Australia. It grows in moist areas. ''Alopec ...

'', '' A. pratensis'' *''

Bouteloua gracilis ''Bouteloua gracilis'', the blue grama, is a long-lived, warm-season (C4 carbon fixation, C4) Perennial plant, perennial grass, native to North America. It is most commonly found from Alberta, Canada, east to Manitoba and south across the Rocky ...

'', '' B. hirsuta'' *''

Bromus aleutensis ''Bromus aleutensis'', commonly known as the Aleutian brome, is a perennial grass found in North America. ''B. aleutensis'' has a diploid number of 56. Taxonomy It has been suggested that ''Bromus aleutensis'' may be a modified version of the ...

'', '' B. carinatus'', '' B. ciliatus'', '' B. frondosus'', '' B. inermis'', '' B. pumpellianus'', '' B. secalinus'', '' B. vulgaris'' *''

Calamagrostis arundinacea ''Calamagrostis arundinacea'' is a species of bunch grass in the family Poaceae, native to Eurasia, China and India. Under its synonym ''Calamagrostis brachytricha'' it has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. Descrip ...

'', '' C. epigejos'' *'' Chrysopogon gryllus'' *''

Critesion murinum ''Hordelymus'' is a genus of European, north African, and southwest Asian plants in the Poaceae, grass family. The only known species is ''Hordelymus europaeus,'' native to Europe (from Sweden + Ireland to Spain, Italy, and Russia) as well as N ...

'' *''

Cynodon dactylon ''Cynodon dactylon'', commonly known as Bermuda grass, is a grass found worldwide. It is native to Europe, Africa, Australia and much of Asia. It has been introduced to the Americas. Although it is not native to Bermuda, it is an abundant invasi ...

'' *''

Dactylis glomerata ''Dactylis Glomerata'' is the sixth studio album by Swedish doom metal band Candlemass, released in 1998. This was their first album released since their split in 1994. The album was originally destined to be the second release by Candlemass ...

'' * ''Danthonia'' sp. *''

Deschampsia cespitosa ''Deschampsia cespitosa'', commonly known as tufted hairgrass or tussock grass, is a perennial tufted plant in the grass family Poaceae. Distribution of this species is widespread including the eastern and western coasts of North America, parts o ...

'' *''

Elymus angustus Elymus may refer to: * Elymus (plant), ''Elymus'' (plant), a genus of grasses * Elymus (mythology), the mythical ancestor of the Elymians * A man killed by Gorge (mythology) {{disambig ...

'', '' E. canadensis'', '' E. chinensis'', '' E. glaucus'', '' E. junceus'', '' E. repens'', '' E. virginicus'' *''

Festuca pratensis ''Festuca pratensis'', the meadow fescue, is a perennial species of grass, which is often used as an ornamental grass in gardens, and is also an important forage crop. It grows in meadows, roadsides, old pastures, and riversides on moist, rich ...

'', '' F. rubra'' *''

Hordeum aegiceras ''Hordeum'' is a genus of annual and perennial plants in the grass family. They are native throughout the temperate regions of Africa, Eurasia, and the Americas. One species, ''Hordeum vulgare'' (barley), has become of major commercial importan ...

'', '' H. brachyantherum'', '' H. distichon'', '' H. hexastichon'', '' H. jubatum'', '' H. leporinum'', '' H. murinum'', '' H. vulgare'', ''H. vulgare'' var. ''nudum'', ''H. vulgare'' var. ''trifurcatum'' *''

Leymus condensatus ''Leymus condensatus'', the giant wildrye, is a wild rye grass native to eastern Oregon, California and northern Mexico. Description ''Leymus condensatus'' also commonly referred to as ''Canyon Prince'' is a type of wild rye that is part of t ...

'', '' L. innovatus'', '' L. triticoides'' *''

Lolium multiflorum ''Lolium multiflorum'' (Italian rye-grass, annual ryegrass) is a ryegrass native to temperate Europe, though its precise native range is unknown. It is a herbaceous annual, biennial, or perennial grass that is grown for silage, and as a cover ...

'', '' L. perenne'', '' L. rigidum'' *'' Microlaena stipoides'' * ''Panicum'' sp. *''

Phalaris arundinacea ''Phalaris arundinacea'', or reed canary grass, is a tall, perennial bunchgrass that commonly forms extensive single-species stands along the margins of lakes and streams and in wet open areas, with a wide distribution in Europe, Asia, northern ...

'' *''

Phleum pratense Timothy (''Phleum pratense'') is an abundant perennial grass native to most of Europe except for the Mediterranean region. It is also known as timothy-grass, meadow cat's-tail or common cat's tail. It is a member of the genus ''Phleum'', consis ...

'' *''

Poa annua ''Poa annua'', or annual meadow grass (known in America more commonly as annual bluegrass or simply poa), is a widespread low-growing turfgrass in temperate climates. Notwithstanding the reference to annual plant in its name, perennial bio-types ...

'', '' P. eminens'', '' P. pratensis'' *''

Quercus chrysolepis ''Quercus chrysolepis'', commonly termed canyon live oak, canyon oak, golden cup oak or maul oak, is a North American species of evergreen oak that is found in Mexico and in the western United States, notably in the California Coast Ranges. This ...

'' * ''Roegneria'' sp. *''

Secale cereale Rye (''Secale cereale'') is a grass grown extensively as a grain, a cover crop and a forage crop. It is a member of the wheat tribe (Triticeae) and is closely related to both wheat (''Triticum'') and barley (genus ''Hordeum''). Rye grain is u ...

'', '' S. montanum'' * × ''Triticosecale'' sp.

Sources

Index Fungorum

USDA ARS Fungal Database

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q7321729 Fungal plant pathogens and diseases Rye diseases Barley diseases Ascomycota enigmatic taxa