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Agister (New Forest)
In the New Forest, an agister (/ˈadʒɪstə/) is a local official whose role is to assist the verderers with their duty to manage the free-roaming animals that the New Forest commoners are allowed to release onto the forest. Several thousand semi-wild ponies run free, along with several thousand cattle and lesser numbers of donkeys, sheep and (in autumn) pigs. These are owned by the commoners who pay an annual grazing fee known as the ‘marking fee’. There are currently five New Forest agisters employed by the Court of Verderers, each with responsibility for a specific forest area. The post of agister is medieval in origin, the name deriving from the word ‘ agist’ meaning 'to take in to graze for payment'. Originally agisters were known as ‘marksmen’, from their role in collecting the marking fees - a role which they still have today. Agisters spend much of their time out on the forest, often on horseback, checking the condition of the land and of the commoners’ p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New Forest Pony England
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New Forest
The New Forest is one of the largest remaining tracts of unenclosed pasture land, heathland and forest in Southern England, covering southwest Hampshire and southeast Wiltshire. It was proclaimed a royal forest by William the Conqueror, featuring in the Domesday Book. It is the home of the New Forest Commoners, whose ancient rights of common pasture are still recognised and exercised, enforced by official verderers and agisters. In the 18th century, the New Forest became a source of timber for the Royal Navy. It remains a habitat for many rare birds and mammals. It is a biological and geological Site of Special Scientific Interest. Several areas are Geological Conservation Review and Nature Conservation Review sites. It is a Special Area of Conservation, a Ramsar site and a Special Protection Area. Copythorne Common is managed by the Hampshire and Isle of Wight Wildlife Trust, Kingston Great Common is a national nature reserve and New Forest Northern Commons is managed b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Verderer
Verderers are forestry officials in England who deal with common land in certain former royal hunting areas which are the property of the Crown. The office was developed in the Middle Ages to administer forest law on behalf of the King. Verderers investigated and recorded minor offences such as the taking of venison and the illegal cutting of woodland, and dealt with the day-to-day forest administration. In the modern era, verderers are still to be found in the New Forest, the Forest of Dean, and Epping Forest, where they serve to protect commoning practices, and conserve the traditional landscape and wildlife. Origins Verderers were originally part of the ancient judicial and administrative hierarchy of the vast areas of English forests and Royal Forests set aside by William the Conqueror for hunting. The title Verderer comes from the Norman word ‘vert’ meaning green and referring to woodland. These forests were divided into provinces each having a Chief Justice who travelled ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Verderer (New Forest)
In the New Forest a verderer is an unpaid officer whose duty is to regulate and protect the interests of the New Forest commoners, and to preserve the natural beauty and good traditional character of the Forest. There are ten verderers, together constituting the Court of Verderers (or Court of Swainmote). The Court of Verderers The Court has ancient origins but in its present form is a corporate body set up under the New Forest Act 1887 and reconstituted in 1949. It consists of ten verderers, five of whom are elected by the commoners, and four of whom are appointed respectively by the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, the Forestry Commission, the National Park Authority, and Natural England. The remaining position is held by the Official Verderer who serves as chair of the Court and who is appointed by the Sovereign. The Court has the same status as a Magistrates Court, and acting under its authority the verderers are responsible for regulating commoning wit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agistment
Agistment originally referred specifically to the proceeds of pasturage in the king's forests. To agist is, in English law, to take cattle to graze, in exchange for payment (derived from the Old English ''giste'', ''gite'', a "lying place"). History Agistment originally referred specifically to the proceeds of pasturage in the king's forests in England, but now means either: # the contract for taking in and feeding horses or cattle on pasture land, for the consideration of a periodic payment of money; # the profit derived from such pasturing. Agistment involves a contract of bailment, and the bailee must take reasonable care of the animals entrusted to him; he is responsible for damages and injury which result from ordinary casualties, if it be proved that such might have been prevented by the exercise of great care. There is no lien on the cattle for the price of the agistment unless by express agreement. Under the Agricultural Holdings Act of 1883, agisted cattle cannot be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
By-law
A by-law (bye-law, by(e)law, by(e) law), or as it is most commonly known in the United States bylaws, is a set of rules or law established by an organization or community so as to regulate itself, as allowed or provided for by some higher authority. The higher authority, generally a legislature or some other government body, establishes the degree of control that the by-laws may exercise. By-laws may be established by entities such as a business corporation, a neighborhood association, or depending on the jurisdiction, a municipality. In the United Kingdom and some Commonwealth countries, the local laws established by municipalities are referred to as ''by(e)-laws'' because their scope is regulated by the central governments of those nations. Accordingly, a bylaw enforcement officer is the Canadian equivalent of the American Code Enforcement Officer or Municipal Regulations Enforcement Officer. In the United States, the federal government and most state governments have no direct ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
