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Adam Steuart
Adam Steuart (Stuart, Stewart) (1591–1654) was a Scottish philosopher and controversialist. Life He became professor at the Academy of Saumur in 1617. Andrew Pyle (editor), ''Dictionary of Seventeenth-Century British Philosophers'' (2000), article ''Steuart, Adam'', pp. 770-2. In 1644, he was in London, where he engaged in propaganda for the Presbyterians against the Independents. The first attack on the '' Apologeticall Narration'' of the Five Dissenting Brethren was Steuart's. The ''Second Part of the Duply to M. S. alias Two Brethren'' addressed the issue of religious tolerance, which he classed with depravity. It was answered by John Goodwin. Steuart is mentioned (as A. S.) in John Milton's poem ''On the New Forcers of Conscience under the Long Parliament'', a caudate sonnet, along with Samuel Rutherford and Thomas Edwards (and, implicitly, Robert Baillie). In 1644 he took up a position as Professor of Physics at the University of Leiden . With Jacobus Triglandius and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Academy Of Saumur
The Academy of Saumur (french: Académie de Saumur) was a Huguenot university at Saumur in western France. It existed from 1593, when it was founded by Philippe de Mornay, until shortly after 1685, when Louis XIV decided on the revocation of the Edict of Nantes, ending the limited toleration of Protestantism in France. Amyraldism The Academy was the home of Amyraldism, an important strand of Protestant thought of the seventeenth century. Also called Saumurianism or hypothetical universalism, it was a moderate Calvinist movement, remaining within Calvinism. The Helvetic Consensus and Westminster Confession were concerned to combat the tendency Amyraldism represented. Faculty Students See also * List of early modern universities in Europe The list of early modern universities in Europe comprises all universities that existed in the early modern age (1501–1800) in Europe. It also includes short-lived foundations and educational institutions whose university status ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Baillie
Robert Baillie (30 April 16021662) was a Church of Scotland minister who became famous as an author and a propagandist for the Covenanters. University of Glasgow (multitab page-but image is of James Baillie (1723–1778)) In Baillie's engagement with the theological and liturgical controversies of the mid-Seventeenth Century, Baillie sought to reconcile his strong belief in maintaining unity with a firm adherence to a Christian doctrine dictated by the divine 'truth' revealed in Scripture. Two large volumes of Baillie's sermons survive in manuscript. He was also conscientious in ensuring that copies were made of his outgoing correspondence and other documents with a view to creating a body of evidenc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leiden
Leiden (; in English and archaic Dutch also Leyden) is a city and municipality in the province of South Holland, Netherlands. The municipality of Leiden has a population of 119,713, but the city forms one densely connected agglomeration with its suburbs Oegstgeest, Leiderdorp, Voorschoten and Zoeterwoude with 206,647 inhabitants. The Netherlands Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS) further includes Katwijk in the agglomeration which makes the total population of the Leiden urban agglomeration 270,879, and in the larger Leiden urban area also Teylingen, Noordwijk, and Noordwijkerhout are included with in total 348,868 inhabitants. Leiden is located on the Oude Rijn, at a distance of some from The Hague to its south and some from Amsterdam to its north. The recreational area of the Kaag Lakes (Kagerplassen) lies just to the northeast of Leiden. A university city since 1575, Leiden has been one of Europe's most prominent scientific centres for more than four centuries. Leide ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Samuel Maresius
Samuel Des Marets or Desmarets ( la, Maresius; Oisemont, 1599 – Groningen, 18 May 1673) was a French Protestant theologian.'III. Maréts (Samuel des)' in L.M. Chaudon, ''Dictionnaire Universel, Historique, Critique, et Bibliographique'', 19 Vols (Mame, Paris 1810-1812), XIpp. 125-26 "né à Oismond en Picardie l'an 1599, avec des dispositions heureuses, étudia à Paris, à Saumur et à Genève." Life He was born in Picardy, northern France. He studied in Paris, in Saumur Academy under Gomarus, and in Geneva at the time of the Synod of Dort. He was ordained in 1620, and preached at Laon until a controversy with Roman Catholic missionaries. Feeling his life was in danger, he left in 1624. which led to an attack on his life. He became professor at the Academy of Sedan (1625), pastor at Maastricht (1632), pastor and professor at 's-Hertogenbosch (1636), and at Groningen (1643). He won a reputation that led to calls to Saumur, Marburg, Lausanne, and Leiden. He died at Gronin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Desmond Clarke
Desmond M. Clarke (17 January 1942 – 4 September 2016) was an Irish author and professor of philosophy at University College Cork (UCC). His research interests include history of philosophy and theories of science, with a specific interest in the writings of René Descartes, as well as contemporary church/state relations, human rights, and nationalism. Early life and education Clarke was born in Dublin and earned his leaving certificate from Synge Street CBS. Clarke earned a Bachelor of Science from the University College Cork, Bachelor of Philosophy from KU Leuven, and PhD in the University of Notre Dame, where he met his future wife. Career Clark was co-editor of the ''Cambridge Texts in the History of Philosophy'' series. He translated and wrote an introduction for the Penguin edition of Descartes' ''Meditations on First Philosophy''. Clark retired from his position as professor of philosophy in 2007. Clarke was the founder and a general editor of ''Cambridge Texts in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aristotelianism
Aristotelianism ( ) is a philosophical tradition inspired by the work of Aristotle, usually characterized by deductive logic and an analytic inductive method in the study of natural philosophy and metaphysics. It covers the treatment of the social sciences under a system of natural law. It answers why-questions by a scheme of four causes, including purpose or teleology, and emphasizes virtue ethics. Aristotle and his school wrote tractates on physics, biology, metaphysics, logic, ethics, aesthetics, poetry, theatre, music, rhetoric, psychology, linguistics, economics, politics, and government. Any school of thought that takes one of Aristotle's distinctive positions as its starting point can be considered "Aristotelian" in the widest sense. This means that different Aristotelian theories (e.g. in ethics or in ontology) may not have much in common as far as their actual content is concerned besides their shared reference to Aristotle. In Aristotle's time, philosophy included natur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marjorie Grene
Marjorie Glicksman Grene (December 13, 1910 – March 16, 2009) was an American philosopher. She wrote on existentialism and the philosophy of science, especially the philosophy of biology. She taught at the University of California at Davis from 1965 to 1978. From 1988 until her death, she was Honorary University Distinguished Professor of Philosophy at Virginia Tech. Life and career Grene obtained her first degree, in zoology, from Wellesley College in 1931. She then obtained (from 1933–1935) an M.A. and then a doctorate in philosophy from Radcliffe College. This was, she said, "as close as females in those days got to Harvard". Grene studied with Martin Heidegger and Karl Jaspers, leaving Germany in 1933. She was in Denmark in 1935, and then at the University of Chicago. After losing her position there during World War II, she spent 15 years as a mother and farmer. She was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1976. Her ''New York Times'' obit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roger Ariew
Roger Ariew is an American philosopher and Distinguished University Professor of Philosophy at the University of South Florida. He is known for his works on Cartesian philosophy. Books * ''Descartes and the First Cartesians'' (Oxford Univ. Press, 2014) * ''Descartes and the Last Scholastics'' (Cornell Univ. Press, 1999); second, expanded edition, ''Descartes among the Scholastics'' (Brill Academic, 2011) * ''Historical Dictionary of Descartes and Cartesian Philosophy'', with Dennis Des Chene, Douglas Jesseph, Tad Schmaltz, and Theo Verbeek, (2nd ed., Rowman and Littlefield, 2015) References External links * 21st-century American philosophers American philosophy academics Living people University of South Florida faculty University of Illinois alumni Descartes scholars Year of birth missing (living people) {{US-philosopher-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
René Descartes
René Descartes ( or ; ; Latinized: Renatus Cartesius; 31 March 1596 – 11 February 1650) was a French philosopher, scientist, and mathematician, widely considered a seminal figure in the emergence of modern philosophy and science. Mathematics was central to his method of inquiry, and he connected the previously separate fields of geometry and algebra into analytic geometry. Descartes spent much of his working life in the Dutch Republic, initially serving the Dutch States Army, later becoming a central intellectual of the Dutch Golden Age. Although he served a Protestant state and was later counted as a deist by critics, Descartes considered himself a devout Catholic. Many elements of Descartes' philosophy have precedents in late Aristotelianism, the revived Stoicism of the 16th century, or in earlier philosophers like Augustine. In his natural philosophy, he differed from the schools on two major points: first, he rejected the splitting of corporeal substance into mat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johannes De Raey
Johannes de Raey (also: ''Raei'') (Wageningen, 1622 – Amsterdam, 1702) was a Dutch philosopher and an early Cartesian. Early life and education De Raey was born in 1622 in the Dutch town of Wageningen as son to Jan Jansz van Ray and Hendersken van Lennep. In 1645 he married his cousin Cunera van Lennep. He died in Amsterdam on 30 November 1702. De Raey studied in Utrecht with Henricus Regius and from 1643 at the university of Leiden. He read philosophy with Prof. Adriaan Heereboord and on 16 July 1647 obtained his doctorate in medicine with Adolphus Vorstius. The previous day he had obtained the title of magister artium. Career From 1653 to 1668 De Raey was professor of philosophy in Leiden. He made such an excellent name for himself, that the Athenaeum Illustre in 1668 offered him a professorate in Amsterdam. His salary there was 3000 guilders per year, making him the best paid Amsterdam professor of his time. In Leiden De Raey lectured in medicine as well, and in Amsterdam in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adriaan Heereboord
Adriaan Heereboord (13 October 1613 in Leiden – 7 July 1661 in Leiden) was a Dutch philosopher and logician. Life He was born in Leiden and graduated from the University of Leiden, where he had the chair of philosophy from 1643. :de:s:ADB:Heereboord, Adrian, Biography in the ''Allgemeinen Deutschen Biographie'' Heereboord sympathised with the new thinking of René Descartes, but was also influenced by Petrus Ramus and Francis Bacon. He clashed almost immediately at Leiden with Jacobus Revius and Adam Steuart, standing respectively for traditional metaphysics and theology. A combative drinker, Heereboord became an embattled figure in the university, with his private life the subject of pamphlets, and in the end dropped out of his duties.Ed van der Vlist, 'Het eerewoord van Heereboord. Een verstrooide brief van een verloren professor', ''Nieuw Letterkundig Magazijn'' 21 (2003), p. 40-48. Works His major works include: *''Collegium ethicum'' (Leiden, 1648) *''Sermo extemporaneus, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cartesianism
Cartesianism is the philosophical and scientific system of René Descartes and its subsequent development by other seventeenth century thinkers, most notably François Poullain de la Barre, Nicolas Malebranche and Baruch Spinoza. Descartes is often regarded as the first thinker to emphasize the use of reason to develop the natural sciences. For him, philosophy was a thinking system that embodied all knowledge. Aristotle and St. Augustine’s work influenced Descartes's cogito argument. Additionally, there is similarity between Descartes’s work and that of the Scottish philosopher, George Campbell’s 1776 publication, titled ''Philosophy of Rhetoric.'' In his ''Meditations on First Philosophy'' he writes, " t what then am I? A thing which thinks. What is a thing which thinks? It is a thing which doubts, understands, onceives affirms, denies, wills, refuses, which also imagines and feels." Cartesians view the mind as being wholly separate from the corporeal body. Sensation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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