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Aceria Campestricola
''Aceria campestricola'', is a species of mite in the family Eriophyidae. The mite causes galls on the leaves of elms (''Ulmus'' species) and was described by Georg Ritter von Frauenfeld in 1865. Description The mites pass the winter hidden in bark crevices and in the spring attack the leaves. The gall is a small pimple or pouch, 1–2 mm across, on the blade or the veins. They are rounded above and have a hairy opening below, with or without a conical projection. Galls are greenish-yellow and redden when exposed to sun, they can be numerous and contain mites. There is some disagreement as to which species is involved in forming the galls. Mite pimples on elms with small leaves, vary in size and some of the large galls have stalked dimples The small galls have been described as '' Aceria ulmicola'' (Napela) and the stalked galls as '' Aceria brevipunctata''. Galls have been found on the leaves of the following trees; wych elm (''Ulmus glabra''), Dutch elm ''Ulmus'' x ''h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georg Ritter Von Frauenfeld
Georg Ritter von Frauenfeld (3 June 1807, Vienna – 8 October 1873) was an Austrian naturalist and one of the leading scientists on board the Austrian frigate ''Novara'' during its round-the-world voyage. He was heavily involved in the development of the Naturhistorisches Museum in Vienna, where he was a curator. Frauenfeld worked on all insect orders, but mostly on the Diptera. In 1851 he founded, in Vienna, the ''Zoologisch-Botanische Verein'' (Zoological and Botanical Society). He was elected as a member to the American Philosophical Society in 1869. Works *Über eine neue Fliegengattung: Raymondia, aus der Familie der Coriaceen, nebst Beschreibung zweier Arten derselben. Sitzungsber. ''Akad. Wiss. Wien'' 18: 320-33 (1855). *Über die Paludinen aus der Gruppe der Paludina viridis Poir. - Sitzber. Akad. Wiss. mathem.-naturwiss. Classe, 22(2): 569-578, 1 Table, Vienna, 1857. *Reise von Shanghai bis Sidney auf der k. k. Fregatte Novara, ''Verhandlungen des Zoologisch-Botan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mite
Mites are small arachnids (eight-legged arthropods). Mites span two large orders of arachnids, the Acariformes and the Parasitiformes, which were historically grouped together in the subclass Acari, but genetic analysis does not show clear evidence of a close relationship. Most mites are tiny, less than in length, and have a simple, unsegmented body plan. The small size of most species makes them easily overlooked; some species live in water, many live in soil as decomposers, others live on plants, sometimes creating galls, while others again are Predation, predators or Parasitism, parasites. This last type includes the commercially destructive ''Varroa'' parasite of honey bees, as well as scabies mites of humans. Most species are harmless to humans, but a few are associated with allergies or may transmit diseases. The scientific discipline devoted to the study of mites is called acarology. Evolution and taxonomy The mites are not a defined taxon, but is used for two disti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eriophyidae
Eriophyidae is a family of more than 200 genera of mites, which live as plant parasites, commonly causing galls or other damage to the plant tissues and hence known as gall mites. About 3,600 species have been described, but this is probably less than 10% of the actual number existing in this poorly researched family. They are microscopic mites and are yellow to pinkish white to purplish in color. The mites are worm like, and have only two pairs of legs. Their primary method of population spread is by wind. They affect a wide range of plants, and several are major pest species causing substantial economic damage to crops. Some species, however, are used as biological agents to control weeds and invasive plant species. Notable species Notable species in this family include: *''Abacarus hystrix'', the cereal rust mite *'' Abacarus sacchari'', the sugarcane rust mite *'' Acalitus essigi'', the redberry mite, which affects blackberries *''Aceria chondrillae'', the chondrilla gall ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gall
Galls (from the Latin , 'oak-apple') or ''cecidia'' (from the Greek , anything gushing out) are a kind of swelling growth on the external tissues of plants, fungi, or animals. Plant galls are abnormal outgrowths of plant tissues, similar to benign tumors or warts in animals. They can be caused by various parasites, from viruses, fungi and bacteria, to other plants, insects and mites. Plant galls are often highly organized structures so that the cause of the gall can often be determined without the actual agent being identified. This applies particularly to some insect and mite plant galls. The study of plant galls is known as cecidology. In human pathology, a gall is a raised sore on the skin, usually caused by chafing or rubbing. Causes of plant galls Insects and mites Insect galls are the highly distinctive plant structures formed by some herbivorous insects as their own microhabitats. They are plant tissue which is controlled by the insect. Galls act as both the habitat a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ulmus
Elms are deciduous and semi-deciduous trees comprising the flowering plant genus ''Ulmus'' in the plant family Ulmaceae. They are distributed over most of the Northern Hemisphere, inhabiting the temperate and tropical-montane regions of North America and Eurasia, presently ranging southward in the Middle East to Lebanon and Israel,Flora of Israel OnlineUlmus minor Mill. , Flora of Israel Online accessdate: July 28, 2020 and across the Equator in the Far East into Indonesia.Fu, L., Xin, Y. & Whittemore, A. (2002). Ulmaceae, in Wu, Z. & Raven, P. (eds) Flora of China'', Vol. 5 (Ulmaceae through Basellaceae). Science Press, Beijing, and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, US. Elms are components of many kinds of natural forests. Moreover, during the 19th and early 20th centuries, many species and cultivars were also planted as ornamental street, garden, and park trees in Europe, North America, and parts of the Southern Hemisphere, notably Australasia. Some individual ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Species Description
A species description is a formal description of a newly discovered species, usually in the form of a scientific paper. Its purpose is to give a clear description of a new species of organism and explain how it differs from species that have been described previously or are related. In order for species to be validly described, they need to follow guidelines established over time. Zoological naming requires adherence to the ICZN code, plants, the ICN, viruses ICTV, and so on. The species description often contains photographs or other illustrations of type material along with a note on where they are deposited. The publication in which the species is described gives the new species a formal scientific name. Some 1.9 million species have been identified and described, out of some 8.7 million that may actually exist. Millions more have become extinct throughout the existence of life on Earth. Naming process A name of a new species becomes valid (available in zo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aceria Ulmicola
''Aceria'' is a genus of mites belonging to the family Eriophyidae, the gall mites. These tiny animals are parasites of plants. Several species can cause blistering and galls, including erineum galls. A few are economically significant pests, while others are useful as agents of biological pest control of invasive plants such as rush skeletonweed (''Chondrilla juncea''), creeping thistle (''Cirsium arvense''), and field bindweed (''Convolvulus arvensis''). There are over 900 species in the genus.) Selected species * ''Aceria aloinis'' – aloe mite * ''Aceria anthocoptes'' – rust mite, russet mite * ''Aceria banatica'' Vidovic, B. (2011)A new ''Aceria'' species (Acari: Eriophyoidea) on ''Echinops ritro'' L. subsp. ''ruthenicus'' (M.Bieb.) Nyman (Asteraceae) from Serbia and a supplement to the original description of ''Aceria brevicincta'' (Nalepa 1898).''Zootaxa'' 2796, 56–66. * ''Aceria bipedis'' * ''Aceria calaceris'' – western maple erineum m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aceria Brevipunctata
''Aceria'' is a genus of mites belonging to the family Eriophyidae, the gall mites. These tiny animals are parasites of plants. Several species can cause blistering and galls, including erineum galls. A few are economically significant pests, while others are useful as agents of biological pest control of invasive plants such as rush skeletonweed (''Chondrilla juncea''), creeping thistle (''Cirsium arvense''), and field bindweed (''Convolvulus arvensis''). There are over 900 species in the genus.) Selected species * ''Aceria aloinis'' – aloe mite * ''Aceria anthocoptes'' – rust mite, russet mite * ''Aceria banatica'' Vidovic, B. (2011)A new ''Aceria'' species (Acari: Eriophyoidea) on ''Echinops ritro'' L. subsp. ''ruthenicus'' (M.Bieb.) Nyman (Asteraceae) from Serbia and a supplement to the original description of ''Aceria brevicincta'' (Nalepa 1898).''Zootaxa'' 2796, 56–66. * ''Aceria bipedis'' * ''Aceria calaceris'' – western maple erineum m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ulmus Glabra
''Ulmus glabra'' Hudson, the wych elm or Scots elm, has the widest range of the European elm species, from Ireland eastwards to the Urals, and from the Arctic Circle south to the mountains of the Peloponnese and Sicily, where the species reaches its southern limit in Europe; it is also found in Iran. A large deciduous tree, it is essentially a montane species, growing at elevations up to , preferring sites with moist soils and high humidity.Heybroek, H. M., Goudzwaard, L, Kaljee, H. (2009). ''Iep of olm, karakterboom van de Lage Landen'' (:Elm, a tree with character of the Low Countries). KNNV, Uitgeverij. The tree can form pure forests in Scandinavia and occurs as far north as latitude 67°N at Beiarn in Norway. It has been successfully introduced as far north as Tromsø, Norway and Alta, Norway (70°N). It has also been successfully introduced to Narsarsuaq, near the southern tip of Greenland ( 61°N). The tree was by far the most common elm in the north and west of the Britis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ulmus × Hollandica
''Ulmus'' × ''hollandica'' Mill. , often known simply as Dutch elm, is a natural hybrid between Wych elm ''Ulmus glabra'' and field elm ''Ulmus minor'' which commonly occurs across Europe wherever the ranges of the parent species overlap. In England, according to the field-studies of R. H. Richens, "The largest area f hybridizationis a band extending across Essex from the Hertfordshire border to southern Suffolk. The next largest is in northern Bedfordshire and adjoining parts of Northamptonshire. Comparable zones occur in Picardy and Cotentin in northern France". Crosses between ''U.'' × ''hollandica'' and either of the parent species are also classified as ''U.'' × ''hollandica''. ''Ulmus'' × ''hollandica'' hybrids, natural and artificial, have been widely planted elsewhere.Bean, W. J. (1981). ''Trees and shrubs hardy in Great Britain'', 7th edition. Murray, LondonElwes, H. J. & Henry, A. (1913). ''The Trees of Great Britain & Ireland.'' Vol. VII. 1848–1929. Private pu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ulmus Laevis
''Ulmus laevis'' Pall., variously known as the European white elm, fluttering elm, spreading elm, stately elm and, in the United States, the Russian elm, is a large deciduous tree native to Europe, from France northeast to southern Finland, east beyond the Urals into Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan, and southeast to Bulgaria and the Crimea; there are also disjunct populations in the Caucasus and Spain, the latter now considered a relict population rather than an introduction by man, and possibly the origin of the European population.Fuentes-Utrilla, P., Squirrell, J., Hollingsworth, P. M. & Gil, L. (2006). ''Ulmus laevis (Pallas) in the Iberian Peninsula. An introduced or relict tree species? New data from cpDNA analysis.'' Genetics Society, Ecological Genetics Group conference, University of Wales Aberystwyth 2006. ''U. laevis'' is rare in the UK, although its random distribution, together with the absence of any record of its introduction, has led at least one British authority to cons ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ulmus Minor
''Ulmus minor'' Mill., the field elm, is by far the most polymorphic of the European species, although its taxonomy remains a matter of contention. Its natural range is predominantly south European, extending to Asia Minor and Iran; its northern outposts are the Baltic islands of Öland and Gotland, although it may have been introduced by humans. The tree's typical habitat is low-lying forest along the main rivers, growing in association with oak and ash, where it tolerates summer floods as well as droughts.Heybroek, H. M., Goudzwaard, L, Kaljee, H. (2009). ''Iep of olm, karakterboom van de Lage Landen'' (:Elm, a tree with character of the Low Countries). KNNV, Uitgeverij. Current treatment of the species owes much to Richens, who noted (1983) that several varieties of field elm are distinguishable on the European mainland. Of these, he listed the small-leaved ''U. minor'' of France and Spain; the narrow-leaved ''U. minor'' of northern and central Italy; the densely hairy leaved ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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