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AVR Reaktor
AVR may refer to: Railroad * Allegheny Valley Railroad, shortline railroad in Pennsylvania, U.S. * Aroostook Valley Railroad, a defunct railroad in Maine, U.S. * Assiniboine Valley Railway, a minimum gauge railway in Winnipeg, Canada * Avon Valley Railway, a heritage railway in the United Kingdom Radio * Aboriginal Voices Radio, an Aboriginal Canadian national radio network * Annapolis Valley Radio, a country station located in Kentville, Nova Scotia Electronics * AVR microcontrollers, a family of microcontrollers originally developed by Atmel, now part of Microchip Technology * Audio/video receiver, a home theater electronic component * Acronym for augmented reality and virtual reality interactive experiences * Automatic voltage regulator Other uses * Armed violence reduction * Aortic valve replacement * Automatic voter registration * Avacyn Restored * AVR reactor ('), a German prototype pebble bed reactor * Avirulence gene, "Avr" * Auxiliary Vessel, Rescue or Aircraf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Allegheny Valley Railroad
The Allegheny Valley Railroad is a class III railroad that operates in Western Pennsylvania, and is owned by Carload Express, Carload Express, Inc. AVR acts as a feeder line connecting its many and varied customers to Class I railroads such as CSX Transportation (CSX) and Norfolk Southern Railway (NS), and regional lines such as the Buffalo and Pittsburgh Railroad (B&P) and the modern Wheeling and Lake Erie Railway (1990), Wheeling and Lake Erie Railway (WE). The AVR's mainline travels northward through Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Pittsburgh from an intersection with Norfolk Southern near Panther Hollow, before splitting in the Lawrenceville (Pittsburgh), Lawrenceville neighborhood. The AVR uses the P&W Subdivision segment of the line to cross the Allegheny River on the 33rd Street Railroad Bridge to interchange with the B&P in Bakerstown, Pennsylvania, Bakerstown and/or Evans City, Pennsylvania, Evans City. The other segment serves industries along the railroad's namesake valley ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Voltage Regulator
A voltage regulator is a system designed to automatically maintain a constant voltage. A voltage regulator may use a simple feed-forward design or may include negative feedback. It may use an electromechanical mechanism, or electronic components. Depending on the design, it may be used to regulate one or more AC or DC voltages. Electronic voltage regulators are found in devices such as computer power supplies where they stabilize the DC voltages used by the processor and other elements. In automobile alternators and central power station generator plants, voltage regulators control the output of the plant. In an electric power distribution system, voltage regulators may be installed at a substation or along distribution lines so that all customers receive steady voltage independent of how much power is drawn from the line. Electronic voltage regulators A simple voltage/current regulator can be made from a resistor in series with a diode (or series of diodes). Due to the loga ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Avirulence Gene
The gene-for-gene relationship was discovered by Harold Henry Flor who was working with rust (''Melampsora lini'') of flax (''Linum usitatissimum''). Flor showed that the inheritance of both resistance in the host and parasite ability to cause disease is controlled by pairs of matching genes. One is a plant gene called the resistance (''R'') gene. The other is a parasite gene called the avirulence (''Avr'') gene. Plants producing a specific R gene product are resistant towards a pathogen that produces the corresponding ''Avr'' gene product. Gene-for-gene relationships are a widespread and very important aspect of plant disease resistance. Another example can be seen with ''Lactuca serriola'' versus '' Bremia lactucae''. Clayton Oscar Person was the first scientist to study plant pathosystem ratios rather than genetics ratios in host-parasite systems. In doing so, he discovered the differential interaction that is common to all gene-for-gene relationships and that is now known as t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
AVR Reactor
The AVR reactor (german: Arbeitsgemeinschaft Versuchsreaktor) was a prototype pebble-bed reactor, located immediately adjacent to Jülich Research Centre in West Germany, constructed in 1960, grid connected in 1967 and shut down in 1988. It was a 15MWe, 46 MWt test reactor used to develop and test a variety of fuels and machinery. The AVR was based on the concept of a "Daniels pile" by Farrington Daniels, the inventor of pebble bed reactors. Rudolf Schulten is commonly recognized as the intellectual father of the reactor. A consortium of 15 community electric companies owned and operated the plant. Over its lifetime the reactor had many accidents, earning it the name "shipwreck." From 2011 to 2014, outside experts examined the historical operations and operational hazards and described serious concealed problems and wrongdoings in their final 2014 report. For example, in 1978 operators bypassed reactor shutdown controls to delay an emergency shutdown during an accident for six ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Voter Registration
In electoral systems, voter registration (or enrollment) is the requirement that a person otherwise eligible to vote must register (or enroll) on an electoral roll, which is usually a prerequisite for being entitled or permitted to vote. The rules governing registration vary between jurisdictions. In many jurisdictions, registration is an automatic process performed by extracting the names of voting age residents of a precinct from a general-use population registry ahead of election day, while in others, registration may require an application being made by an eligible voter and registered persons to re-register or update registration details when they change residence or other relevant information changes. Some jurisdictions have "election day registration" and others do not require registration, or may require production of evidence of entitlement to vote at time of voting. In jurisdictions where registration is not mandatory, an effort may be made to encourage persons otherwi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aortic Valve Replacement
Aortic valve replacement is a procedure whereby the failing aortic valve of a patient's heart is replaced with an artificial heart valve. The aortic valve may need to be replaced because: * The valve is leaky (aortic insufficiency, also known as aortic regurgitation) * The valve is narrowed and doesn't open fully (aortic stenosis) Current methods for aortic valve replacement include open-heart surgery, termed ''minimally invasive cardiac surgery (MICS)'' or ''surgical aortic valve replacement'' (SAVR) and percutaneous or transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR; also PAVR, PAVI, TAVI). A competent practising cardiologist can evaluate whether a patient could benefit from heart valve repair. History During the late 1940s and early 1950s, the first surgical approaches towards treating aortic valve stenosis had limited success. The first attempts were valvotomies, (i.e. cutting the valve while the heart is pumping). A ball valve prosthesis placed on the descending thoraci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armed Violence Reduction
The concept of armed violence reduction (AVR) has gained significant in importance after the Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development, 2006 Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development. According to OECD, more than 740,000 people die each year as a result of the violence associated with armed conflicts and large- and small-scale criminality. Furthermore, armed violence impedes humanitarian and socio-economic development and, hence, it is an obstruction to achieving the Millennium Development Goals, Millennium Development Goals (MDG). Key numbers on armed violence from the Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development * More than 740,000 people have died directly or indirectly from armed violence - both conflict and violent crime, criminal violence - every year in recent years. * More than 540,000 of these deaths are violent, with the vast majority occurring in non-conflict settings. * At least 200,000 people - and perhaps many thousands more - have died ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Virtual Reality
Virtual reality (VR) is a simulated experience that employs pose tracking and 3D near-eye displays to give the user an immersive feel of a virtual world. Applications of virtual reality include entertainment (particularly video games), education (such as medical or military training) and business (such as virtual meetings). Other distinct types of VR-style technology include augmented reality and mixed reality, sometimes referred to as extended reality or XR, although definitions are currently changing due to the nascence of the industry. Currently, standard virtual reality systems use either virtual reality headsets or multi-projected environments to generate realistic images, sounds and other sensations that simulate a user's physical presence in a virtual environment. A person using virtual reality equipment is able to look around the artificial world, move around in it, and interact with virtual features or items. The effect is commonly created by VR headsets consisting ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aroostook Valley Railroad
The Aroostook Valley Railroad was a railroad that operated between Presque Isle and Caribou, Maine from the early 1900s to 1996. The railroad operated maroon interurban cars with grey roofs on 1200 volt DC power until 1945. History Arthur R. Gould purchased a Presque Isle sawmill in 1889. He began to investigate log driving on the Aroostook River as the supply of local logs was exhausted. He needed a railroad to move logs from the river to his sawmill; and recognized the possibility of using the river's water power to generate electricity. The railroad was founded in 1902 and the Maine Railroad Commission granted it approval to operate on 1 July of the same year. Its survey of the planned route was approved the next year, but not until 20 June 1910 was construction completed and the safety certificate approved. The AVR's official opening was on 1 July 1910; at the time it operated of track between Presque Isle and Washburn, Maine. In 1911, of track was added, extending the li ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Augmented Reality
Augmented reality (AR) is an interactive experience that combines the real world and computer-generated content. The content can span multiple sensory modalities, including visual, auditory, haptic, somatosensory and olfactory. AR can be defined as a system that incorporates three basic features: a combination of real and virtual worlds, real-time interaction, and accurate 3D registration of virtual and real objects. The overlaid sensory information can be constructive (i.e. additive to the natural environment), or destructive (i.e. masking of the natural environment). This experience is seamlessly interwoven with the physical world such that it is perceived as an immersive aspect of the real environment. In this way, augmented reality alters one's ongoing perception of a real-world environment, whereas virtual reality completely replaces the user's real-world environment with a simulated one. Augmented reality is largely synonymous with mixed reality. There is also overlap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Audio/video Receiver
An audio/video receiver (AVR) is a consumer electronics component used in a home theater. Its purpose is to receive audio and video signals from a number of sources, and to process them and provide power amplifiers to drive loudspeakers and route the video to displays such as a television, monitor or video projector. Inputs may come from a satellite receiver, radio, DVD players, Blu-ray Disc players, VCRs or video game consoles, among others. The AVR source selection and settings such as volume, are typically set by a remote controller. Usage The term "receiver" basically refers to an amplifier, typically at least a two-channel stereo model, that has a built-in radio tuner. With A/V receivers, the basic functionality is to receive an audio signal, amplify the audio signal to drive multiple speakers, and allow pass-through of the corresponding video signal to a display device such as a projector or a television. The receiver performs tasks that would otherwise require numerous ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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