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ATPase ASNA1
ATPase ASNA1 also known as arsenical pump-driving ATPase and arsenite-stimulated ATPase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ASNA1 gene. Function ASNA1 is the human homolog of the bacterial arsA gene. In '' E. coli'', arsA ATPase is the catalytic component of a multisubunit oxyanion pump that is responsible for resistance to arsenicals and antimonials. Interactions ASNA1 is found to interact with FAM71D FAM71D, also known as chromosome 14 open reading frame 54 (C14orf54), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FAM71D gene on Chromosome 14. Orthologs of FAM71D reach as far back in evolution to Reptiles, however, it is closer in homology ... according to STRING References External links * Further reading * * * * * * {{gene-19-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Enzyme
Enzymes () are proteins that act as biological catalysts by accelerating chemical reactions. The molecules upon which enzymes may act are called substrates, and the enzyme converts the substrates into different molecules known as products. Almost all metabolic processes in the cell need enzyme catalysis in order to occur at rates fast enough to sustain life. Metabolic pathways depend upon enzymes to catalyze individual steps. The study of enzymes is called ''enzymology'' and the field of pseudoenzyme analysis recognizes that during evolution, some enzymes have lost the ability to carry out biological catalysis, which is often reflected in their amino acid sequences and unusual 'pseudocatalytic' properties. Enzymes are known to catalyze more than 5,000 biochemical reaction types. Other biocatalysts are catalytic RNA molecules, called ribozymes. Enzymes' specificity comes from their unique three-dimensional structures. Like all catalysts, enzymes increase the react ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gene
In biology, the word gene (from , ; "... Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''generation'' or ''birth'' or ''gender'') can have several different meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity and the molecular gene is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is transcribed to produce a functional RNA. There are two types of molecular genes: protein-coding genes and noncoding genes. During gene expression, the DNA is first copied into RNA. The RNA can be directly functional or be the intermediate template for a protein that performs a function. The transmission of genes to an organism's offspring is the basis of the inheritance of phenotypic traits. These genes make up different DNA sequences called genotypes. Genotypes along with environmental and developmental factors determine what the phenotypes will be. Most biological traits are under the influence of polygenes (many different genes) as well as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catalytic
Catalysis () is the process of increasing the rate of a chemical reaction by adding a substance known as a catalyst (). Catalysts are not consumed in the reaction and remain unchanged after it. If the reaction is rapid and the catalyst recycles quickly, very small amounts of catalyst often suffice; mixing, surface area, and temperature are important factors in reaction rate. Catalysts generally react with one or more reactants to form intermediates that subsequently give the final reaction product, in the process of regenerating the catalyst. Catalysis may be classified as either homogeneous, whose components are dispersed in the same phase (usually gaseous or liquid) as the reactant, or heterogeneous, whose components are not in the same phase. Enzymes and other biocatalysts are often considered as a third category. Catalysis is ubiquitous in chemical industry of all kinds. Estimates are that 90% of all commercially produced chemical products involve catalysts at some stag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oxyanion
An oxyanion, or oxoanion, is an ion with the generic formula (where A represents a chemical element and O represents an oxygen atom). Oxyanions are formed by a large majority of the chemical elements. The formulae of simple oxyanions are determined by the octet rule. The corresponding oxyacid of an oxyanion is the compound . The structures of condensed oxyanions can be rationalized in terms of AO''n'' polyhedral units with sharing of corners or edges between polyhedra. The oxyanions (specifically, phosphate and polyphosphate esters) adenosine monophosphate ( AMP), adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) are important in biology. Monomeric oxyanions The formula of monomeric oxyanions, , is dictated by the oxidation state of the element A and its position in the periodic table. Elements of the first row are limited to a maximum coordination number of 4. However, none of the first row elements has a monomeric oxyanion with that coordination number. Instead, ca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arsenical
Arsenicals are chemical compounds that contain arsenic. In a military context, the term arsenical refer to toxic arsenic compounds that are used as chemical warfare agents. This include blister agents, blood agents and vomiting agents. Examples Blister agents *Ethyldichloroarsine * Lewisite *Methyldichloroarsine * Phenyldichloroarsine Blood agents *Arsine Vomiting agents *Adamsite *Diphenylchlorarsine *Diphenylcyanoarsine Diphenylcyanoarsine, also called Clark 2 (Chlor-Arsen-Kampfstoff 2, being the successor of Clark 1) by the Germans, was discovered in 1918 by Sturniolo and BellinzoniSturniolo, G. und Bellinzoni, G. (1919); ''Boll. chim. pharm.'', 58, 409–410 an ... * Phenyldichloroarsine References Arsenic compounds Chemical weapons Poisons {{Chem-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antimonial
Antimonials, in pre-modern medicine, were remedies principally containing antimony, used chiefly for emetic purposes. They might also have qualified for cathartic, diaphoretic, or simply alternative uses. Such treatments were considered unparalleled in their strength. Metaphorical usage The following passage illustrates the use of the word ''antimonial'' to mean ''emetic'' in common (as well as medical) terms: See also * Antimony pill *Antimonial cup *Pentavalent antimonial External links * Antimonials See also *Antimonial cup *Pentavalent antimonial Pentavalent antimonials (also abbreviated pentavalent Sb or SbV) are a group of compounds used for the treatment of leishmaniasis. They are also called pentavalent antimony compounds. Types The first pentavalent antimonial, urea stibamine, was s ... References Emetics Antimony {{gastrointestinal-drug-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
FAM71D
FAM71D, also known as chromosome 14 open reading frame 54 (C14orf54), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FAM71D gene on Chromosome 14. Orthologs of FAM71D reach as far back in evolution to Reptiles, however, it is closer in homology to primates than any other orthologs. FAM71D has 6 paralogs: FAM71A, FAM71B, FAM71C, FAM71E1, FAM71F1, and FAM71F2 which encode a protein of unknown function. Gene In humans, FAM71D is located at 14q23.3 and stretches between positions 67189393 and 67228550 (span 39157 bp). It codes for at least 10 unique human protein isoforms: the primary isoform (422 aa; also denoted X1), isoform X2 (417 aa), isoform X3 (413 aa), isoform X4 (400 aa), isoform X5 (399 aa), isoform X6 (398 aa), isoform X7 (392 aa), isoform X8 (389 aa), isoform X9 (347 aa), isoform X10 (336 aa) In humans, FAM71D codes for an mRNA strand that is 1790 base pairs long. The human mRNA is composed of a 5' untranslated region that is 290 bases long and a 3' untranslated r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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