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ANDVT
The Advanced Narrowband Digital Voice Terminal (ANDVT) is a secure voice terminal for low bandwidth secure voice communications throughout the U.S. Department of Defense. Devices in the ANDVT family include the AN/USC-43 Tactical Terminal (TACTERM), the KY-99A Miniaturized Terminal (MINTERM), and the KY-100 Airborne Terminal (AIRTERM). ANDVT uses LPC-10 voice compression. The functions of the MINTERM are similar to those of the TACTERM; its updated design includes an improved modular architecture, and it has been reduced in size. The MINTERM is lightweight, low-power, single channel, half-duplex, narrowband/wideband/wireline terminal providing secure voice and data communications with full key distribution and remote rekey capabilities. The MINTERM is certified to secure traffic up to TOP SECRET. The MINTERM improvements include the following: *Concurrent voice and data modes enable the users to connect both data equipment and voice handsets. *VINSON (KY-57/58) mode of operation a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
VINSON
VINSON is a family of voice encryption devices used by U.S. and allied military and law enforcement, based on the National Security Agency, NSA's classified NSA Suite A Cryptography, Suite A Saville (cipher), SAVILLE encryption algorithm and 16 kbit/s Continuously variable slope delta modulation, CVSD audio compression (data), audio compression. It replaces the Vietnam War-era NESTOR (encryption), NESTOR (KY-8/KY-28, 28/KY-38, 38) family. These devices provide :wikt:tactical, tactical secure voice on Ultra High Frequency, UHF and Very High Frequency, VHF Line-of-sight propagation, line of sight (LOS), UHF SATCOM communication and tactical phone systems. These terminals are unclassified Controlled Cryptographic Items (CCI) when unkeyed and classified to the keymat of the key when going secure. VINSON devices include: * KY-57 * KY-58 * KY-68 * KY-99a (MINTERM) * KY-100 (AIRTERM) * KYV-2 * FASCINATOR VINSON is embedded into many modern military radios, such as SINCGARS. Many ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
FNBDT
The Secure Communications Interoperability Protocol (SCIP) is a US standard for secure voice and data communication, foone-to-one connections, not packet-switched networks. SCIP derived from the US Government Future Narrowband Digital Terminal (FNBDT) project. SCIP supports a number of different modes, including national and multinational modes which employ different cryptography. Many nations and industries develop SCIP devices to support the multinational and national modes of SCIP. SCIP has to operate over the wide variety of communications systems, including commercial land line telephone, military radios, communication satellites, Voice over IP and the several different cellular telephone standards. Therefore, it was designed to make no assumptions about the underlying channel other than a minimum bandwidth of 2400 Hz. It is similar to a dial-up modem in that once a connection is made, two SCIP phones first negotiate the parameters they need and then communicate in the bes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Secure Voice
Secure voice (alternatively secure speech or ciphony) is a term in cryptography for the encryption of voice communication over a range of communication types such as radio, telephone or IP. History The implementation of voice encryption dates back to World War II when secure communication was paramount to the US armed forces. During that time, noise was simply added to a voice signal to prevent enemies from listening to the conversations. Noise was added by playing a record of noise in sync with the voice signal and when the voice signal reached the receiver, the noise signal was subtracted out, leaving the original voice signal. In order to subtract out the noise, the receiver need to have exactly the same noise signal and the noise records were only made in pairs; one for the transmitter and one for the receiver. Having only two copies of records made it impossible for the wrong receiver to decrypt the signal. To implement the system, the army contracted Bell Laboratori ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
LPC-10
FIPS 137, originally issued as FED-STD-1015, is a secure telephony speech encoding standard for Linear Predictive Coding vocoder developed by the United States Department of Defense and finished on November 28, 1984. It was based on the earlier STANAG 4198 promulgated by NATO on February 13, 1984. FED-STD-1015 was re-designated as ''Federal Information Processing Standard'' ( FIPS) Publication 137, (FIPS PUB 137) on October 20, 1988. It is also known as "LPC-10". The codec uses a bit rate of 2.4 kbit/s, requiring 20 MIPS of processing power, 2 kilobytes of RAM and features a frame size of 22.5 ms. Additionally, the codec requires a large lookahead of 90 ms. Recently an improved version of the standard was introduced. With a longer super frame structure and better VQ quantizer, the bit rate In telecommunications and computing, bit rate (bitrate or as a variable ''R'') is the number of bits that are conveyed or processed per unit of time. The bit rate is expressed in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SINCGARS
Single Channel Ground and Airborne Radio System (SINCGARS) is a Combat-net radio (CNR) used by U.S. and allied military forces. The CNR network is designed around three systems: SINCGARS, the high frequency (HF) radio, and the SC tactical satellite (TACSAT). Each system has different capabilities and transmission characteristics. SINCGARS is a family of user-owned and operated, very high frequency-frequency modulation (VHF-FM) CNRs. In the CNR network, the SINCGARS’ primary role is voice transmission for command and control (C2) between surface and airborne C2 assets. SINCGARS can transmit and receive secure data and facsimile transmissions through simple connections with various data terminal equipment. SINCGARS features provide communications interoperability for the Army, Marine, Navy, and Air Force, thus contributing to successful combat operations. It is also consistent with North Atlantic Treaty Organization interoperability requirements. The radios, which is hand ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
NSA Encryption Systems
The National Security Agency took over responsibility for all U.S. Government encryption systems when it was formed in 1952. The technical details of most NSA-approved systems are still Classified information in the United States, classified, but much more about its early systems have become known and its most modern systems share at least some features with commercial products. Rotor machines from the 1940s and 1950s were mechanical marvels. The first generation electronic systems were quirky devices with cantankerous punched card readers for loading key (cryptography), keys and failure-prone, tricky-to-maintain vacuum tube circuitry. Late 20th century systems are just Black box (systems), black boxes, often literally. In fact they are called ''blacker (security), blackers'' in NSA parlance because they convert plaintext classified signals (''red'') into encrypted unclassified ciphertext signals (''black''). They typically have electrical connectors for the red signals, the black ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
