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ADP Ribosylation Factor
ADP ribosylation factors (ARFs) are members of the ARF family of GTP-binding proteins of the Ras superfamily. ARF family proteins are ubiquitous in eukaryotic cells, and six highly conserved members of the family have been identified in mammalian cells. Although ARFs are soluble, they generally associate with membranes because of N-terminus myristoylation. They function as regulators of vesicular traffic and actin remodelling. The small ADP ribosylation factor (Arf) GTP-binding proteins are major regulators of vesicle biogenesis in intracellular traffic. They are the founding members of a growing family that includes Arl (Arf-like), Arp (Arf-related proteins) and the remotely related Sar (Secretion-associated and Ras-related) proteins. Arf proteins cycle between inactive GDP-bound and active GTP-bound forms that bind selectively to effectors. The classical structural GDP/GTP switch is characterised by conformational changes at the so-called switch 1 and switch 2 regions, whic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ARL2
ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''ARL2'' gene. Function * The ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF) genes are small GTP-binding proteins of the RAS superfamily. ARL2 is a member of a functionally distinct group of ARF-like genes. * In photoreceptors, ARL2 participates in the trafficking of lipidated membrane-associated proteins. * There is an evidence that increased activity of ARL2 protein is strongly correlated with increased mitochondria fusion, while loss of ARL2 activity results in a decreased rate of fusion. Interactions ARL2 has been shown to interact with Protein unc-119 homolog, TBCD and PDE6D Retinal rod rhodopsin-sensitive cGMP 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase subunit delta is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''PDE6D'' gene. PDE6D was originally identified as a fourth subunit of rod cell-specific cGMP phosphodiesterase (PDE) .... References External links * Further reading * * * * * * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arf6
ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (ARF6) is a member of the ADP ribosylation factor family of GTP-binding proteins. ARF6 has a variety of cellular functions that are frequently involved in trafficking of biological membranes and transmembrane protein cargo. ARF6 has specifically been implicated in endocytosis of plasma membrane proteins and also, to a lesser extent, plasma membrane protein recycling. Function This gene encodes a member of the human ARF gene family, which is part of the Ras superfamily. The ARF genes encode small guanine nucleotide-binding proteins that stimulate the ADP-ribosyltransferase activity of cholera toxin and play a role in vesicular trafficking and as activators of phospholipase D. The product of this gene is localized to the plasma membrane, and regulates vesicular trafficking, remodelling of membrane lipids, and signaling pathways that lead to actin remodeling. A pseudogene of this gene is located on chromosome 7. ARF6 can interact with βarrestin upo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ARL4A
ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 4A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''ARL4A'' gene. Function ADP-ribosylation factor-like 4A is a member of the ADP-ribosylation factor family of GTP-binding proteins. ARL4A is similar to ARL4C and ARL4D and each has a nuclear localization signal and an unusually high guanine nucleotide exchange rate. ARL4A is located in both the nuclear and extranuclear cell compartments. Multiple transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene. Interactions ARL4A has been shown to interact Advocates for Informed Choice, dba interACT or interACT Advocates for Intersex Youth, is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization using innovative strategies to advocate for the legal and human rights of children with intersex traits. The organizati ... with Karyopherin alpha 2. References Further reading * * * * External links * * {{gene-7-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ARL3
ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''ARL3'' gene. Function ADP-ribosylation factor-like 3 is a member of the ADP-ribosylation factor family of GTP-binding proteins. ARL3 binds guanine nucleotides but lacks ADP-ribosylation factor activity. Interactions ARL3 has been shown to interact with Protein unc-119 homolog Uncoordinated-119 (Unc-119) is a protein that has been identified in ''C. elegans'', humans, mice, zebrafish, rabbits, pig, calf, monkey, and protozoa. They have been classified in the GMP phophodiesterase, delta superfamily. Unc-119 proteins are .... References External links * Further reading * * * * * * * * * * * {{Gene-10-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ARL2L1
ARL may refer to: Military * US Navy hull classification symbol for repair ship * Admiralty Research Laboratory, UK * United States Army Research Laboratory * ARL 44, a WWII French tank Organizations * Aero Research Limited, a UK adhesives company * Air Resources Laboratory of US NOAA * Association of Research Libraries, US and Canada * Pennsylvania State University Applied Research Laboratory, US * Animal Rescue League of Western Pennsylvania, US Sports * Albanian Rugby League * Auckland Rugby League * Australian Rugby League Transportation * Airport Rail Link (Bangkok), Thailand * Autolinee Regionali Luganesi, Swiss bus company * Arlesey railway station (National Rail code), UK * Armour Refrigerator Line, a refrigerator car line * Arly Airport (IATA airport code), Burkina Faso Computing * Authority revocation list, in cryptosystems Other * Argyll, historic county in Scotland, Chapman code Chapman codes are a set of 3-letter codes used in genealogy to identify the administ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ARL1
ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''ARL1'' gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the ARL (ADP-ribosylation factor-like) family of proteins, which are structurally related to ADP-ribosylation factors (ARFs). ARFs, described as activators of cholera toxin (CT) ADP-ribosyltransferase activity, regulate intracellular vesicular membrane trafficking, and stimulate a phospholipase D (PLD) isoform. Although, ARL proteins were initially thought not to activate CT or PLD, later work showed that they are weak stimulators of PLD and CT in a phospholipid dependent manner. Interactions ARL1 has been shown to interact with GOLGA4 and GOLGA1 Golgin subfamily A member 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''GOLGA1'' gene. The Golgi apparatus, which participates in glycosylation and transport of proteins and lipids in the secretory pathway, consists of a series of stacked cis .... References External lin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ARF6
ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (ARF6) is a member of the ADP ribosylation factor family of GTP-binding proteins. ARF6 has a variety of cellular functions that are frequently involved in trafficking of biological membranes and transmembrane protein cargo. ARF6 has specifically been implicated in endocytosis of plasma membrane proteins and also, to a lesser extent, plasma membrane protein recycling. Function This gene encodes a member of the human ARF gene family, which is part of the Ras superfamily. The ARF genes encode small guanine nucleotide-binding proteins that stimulate the ADP-ribosyltransferase activity of cholera toxin and play a role in vesicular trafficking and as activators of phospholipase D. The product of this gene is localized to the plasma membrane, and regulates vesicular trafficking, remodelling of membrane lipids, and signaling pathways that lead to actin remodeling. A pseudogene of this gene is located on chromosome 7. ARF6 can interact with βarrestin upo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ARF5
ADP-ribosylation factor 5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''ARF5'' gene. ADP-ribosylation factor 5 (ARF5) is a member of the human ARF gene family. These genes encode small guanine nucleotide-binding proteins that stimulate the ADP-ribosyltransferase activity of cholera toxin and play a role in vesicular trafficking and as activators of phospholipase D. The gene products include 6 ARF proteins and 11 ARF-like proteins and constitute 1 family of the RAS superfamily. The ARF proteins are categorized as class I (ARF1, ARF2, and ARF3), class II (ARF4 and ARF5) and class III (ARF6). The members of each class share a common gene organization. The ARF5 gene spans approximately 3.2kb of genomic DNA and contains six exons and five introns. Interactions ARF5 has been shown to interact with ARFIP2 Arfaptin-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''ARFIP2'' gene. Interactions ARFIP2 has been shown to interact with Arf6 ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (ARF6) is a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ARF4
ADP-ribosylation factor 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''ARF4'' gene. Function ADP-ribosylation factor 4 (ARF4) is a member of the human ARF gene family. These genes encode small guanine nucleotide-binding proteins that stimulate the ADP-ribosyltransferase activity of cholera toxin and play a role in vesicular trafficking and as activators of phospholipase D. The gene products include 5 ARF proteins and 11 ARF-like proteins and constitute 1 family of the RAS superfamily. The ARF proteins are categorized as class I (ARF1 and ARF3), class II (ARF4 and ARF5) and class III (ARF6). The members of each class share a common gene organization. The ARF4 gene spans approximately 12kb and contains six exons and five introns. The ARF4 is the most divergent member of the human ARFs. Conflicting Map positions at 3p14 or 3p21 have been reported for this gene. Interactions ARF4 has been shown to interact with Epidermal growth factor receptor The epidermal growth factor re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ARF3
ADP-ribosylation factor 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''ARF3'' gene. Function ADP-ribosylation factor 3 (ARF3) is a member of the human ARF gene family. These genes encode small guanine nucleotide-binding proteins that stimulate the ADP-ribosyltransferase activity of cholera toxin and play a role in vesicular trafficking and as activators of phospholipase D. The gene products include 6 ARF proteins and 11 ARF-like proteins and constitute 1 family of the RAS superfamily. The ARF proteins are categorized as class I (ARF1, ARF2, and ARF3), class II (ARF4 and ARF5) and class III (ARF6) and members of each class share a common gene organization. The ARF3 gene contains five exons and four introns. Interactions ARF3 has been shown to interact with: * ARFIP1, * ARFIP2, * GGA1, * GGA3, and * KIF23 Kinesin-like protein KIF23 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''KIF23'' gene. Function In cell division KIF23 (also known as Kinesin-6, CHO1/MKLP ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
