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8th Submarine Flotilla
The 8th Submarine Flotilla was a flotilla of the British Royal Navy consisting of submarines and their supporting depot ships and destroyers. It was established as part of the Home Fleet in 1912. The flotilla brought together the newer, longer range 'overseas' submarines for the purpose of carrying out offensive operations. Composition of the flotilla varied over time. It was disestablished in 1919. The flotilla was re-established in 1939 for service in the Second World War. It was disestablished again after the close of hostilities. History First World War Organisation in August 1914 On 5 August 1914, the Eighth Submarine Flotilla was based at its war station at Harwich and was constituted as follows: Submarines Depot ships Attached Destroyers HMS ''D.1'' was also notionally part of the flotilla, but was transferred to the Dover Patrol when war broke out. She re-joined the Flotilla on 23 August 1914 War Service 1914 The Flotilla carried out patrols in the Heligoland B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flotilla
A flotilla (from Spanish, meaning a small ''flota'' (fleet) of ships), or naval flotilla, is a formation of small warships that may be part of a larger fleet. Composition A flotilla is usually composed of a homogeneous group of the same class of warship, such as frigates, destroyers, torpedo boats, submarines, gunboats, or minesweepers. Groups of larger warships are usually called squadrons, but similar units of non-capital ships may be called squadrons in some instances, and flotillas in others. Formations including more than one capital ship, e.g. men-of-war, battleships, and aircraft carriers, typically alongside smaller ships and support craft, are typically called fleets, each portion led by a capital ship being a squadron or task force (see reference below). A flotilla is usually commanded by a rear admiral, a commodore or a captain, depending on the importance of the command (a vice admiral would normally command a squadron). A flotilla is often divided into two or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HMS E3
HMS ''E3'' was the third E-class submarine to be constructed, built at Barrow by Vickers in 1911-1912. Built with compartmentalisation and endurance not previously achievable, these were the best submarines in the Royal Navy at the start of the First World War. She was sunk in the first ever successful attack on one submarine by another, when she was torpedoed on 18 October 1914 by . Design The early British E-class submarines, from ''E1'' to ''E8'', had a displacement of at the surface and while submerged. They had a length overall of and a beam of , and were powered by two Vickers eight-cylinder two-stroke diesel engines and two electric motors.Akerman, P. (1989). ''Encyclopaedia of British submarines 1901–1955''. p.150. Maritime Books. The class had a maximum surface speed of and a submerged speed of , with a fuel capacity of of diesel affording a range of when travelling at , while submerged they had a range of at . The early 'Group 1' ''E'' class b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heligoland Bight
The Heligoland Bight, also known as Helgoland Bight, (german: Helgoländer Bucht) is a bay which forms the southern part of the German Bight, itself a bay of the North Sea, located at the mouth of the Elbe river. The Heligoland Bight extends from the mouth of the Elbe to the islands of Heligoland and lies between the East Frisian island of Wangerooge and the North Frisian peninsula of Eiderstedt. Named after Heligoland, it was the location of World War I naval battles in 1914 and 1917. In 1939 it also had a World War II aerial battle named after it. In the Heligoland Basin (''Helgoländer Becken''), a basin lying directly southwest of Heligoland, the bight is up to deep. One of the busiest shipping lanes in the world, from Hamburg and the mouth of the Elbe to the Straits of Dover and the English Channel, runs through the Heligoland Bight. The area also includes nature reserves such as the ''Heligoland Felssockel'' and the protected Wadden Sea, in which the Wadden Sea Nat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dover Patrol
The Dover Patrol and later known as the Dover Patrol Force was a Royal Navy command of the First World War, notable for its involvement in the Zeebrugge Raid on 22 April 1918. The Dover Patrol formed a discrete unit of the Royal Navy based at Dover and Dunkirk for the duration of the First World War. Its primary task was to prevent enemy German shipping—chiefly submarines—from entering the English Channel ''en route'' to the Atlantic Ocean, thereby obliging the Imperial German Navy to travel via the much longer route around Scotland which was itself covered by the Northern Patrol. History In late July 1914, with war looming, 12 Tribal-class destroyers arrived at Dover to join the near obsolete destroyers already at anchor in the harbour, most of them built in the late 19th century. These destroyers formed the nucleus of the fledgling Dover Patrol, which, from its early beginnings as a modest and poorly equipped command, became one of the most important Royal Navy commands of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HMS D1
HMS ''D1'' was one of eight D-class submarine built for the Royal Navy during the first decade of the 20th century. Description The D-class submarines were designed as improved and enlarged versions of the preceding C class, with diesel engines replacing the dangerous petrol engines used earlier. The submarines had a length of overall, a beam of and a mean draught of . They displaced on the surface and submerged. The D-class submarines had a crew of 25 officers and ratings and were the first to adopt saddle tanks.Gardiner & Gray, p. 87 For surface running, the boats were powered by two diesels, each driving one propeller shaft. When submerged each propeller was driven by a electric motor. They could reach on the surface and underwater. On the surface, the D class had a range of at . The boats were armed with three 18-inch (45 cm) torpedo tubes, two in the bow and one in the stern. They carried one reload for each tube, a total of six torpedoes. Constructi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HMS Firedrake (1912)
HMS ''Firedrake'' was a modified , named after the firedrake of Teutonic mythology, and the sixth ship of the Royal Navy to bear the name. Construction Sir Alfred Yarrow maintained that it was possible to build strong, seaworthy destroyers with a speed of , and a contract for three such boats was placed with Yarrow & Company of Scotstoun, Glasgow. The "Firedrake Specials", "Special I class" or "Yarrow Specials" were a little larger than the rest of the class but carried the same armament. ''Firedrake'', and were, however, distinctive in appearance and at least faster than the rest of their class. They all exceeded their contract speed, ''Lurcher'' making over . ''Firedrake'' became part of the Royal Navy's 1st Destroyer Flotilla. Curragh Incident During the Curragh Incident in the spring of 1914, ''Firedrake'' was despatched to Kingstown (now Dún Laoghaire in the Republic of Ireland) in order to preserve communications between Lieutenant General Sir Arthur Paget i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HMS Lurcher (1912)
HMS ''Lurcher'' was a modified , named after the lurcher-type dog, and the fifth ship of the Royal Navy to bear the name; when new she was the fastest ship in the Royal Navy. Pennant numbers Construction Sir Alfred Yarrow maintained that it was possible to build strong, seaworthy destroyers with a speed of , and a contract for three such boats was placed with Yarrow & Company of Scotstoun, Glasgow. The "''Firedrake'' Specials", "Special I class" or "Yarrow Specials" were a little larger than the rest of the class but carried the same armament. ''Lurcher'', and were, however, distinctive in appearance and at least faster than the rest of their class. They all exceeded their contract speed, ''Lurcher'' making over ; she became part of the 1st Destroyer Flotilla. World War I At the start of World War I ''Lurcher'' and ''Firedrake'' were assigned to the 8th Submarine Flotilla under the command of Commodore Roger Keyes, and were based at Parkeston Quay, Harwich. Both ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HMS Adamant (1911)
HMS ''Adamant'' was a submarine depot ship of the Royal Navy. She was purpose built to support three of the new D-class submarines under the 1910/11 Naval Programme, allowing a small part of a flotilla to be deployed away from the main base. Service history Pre-war ''Adamant'' commissioned at Portsmouth on 27 April 1912, as an additional depot ship. Soon incorporated in the newly established 8th Submarine Flotilla. This was the offensive submarine force based in UK waters. First World War ''Adamant'' went with 8th Submarine Flotilla to its war station at Harwich in the 1914 mobilisation. On 3 November 1914 ''Adamant'' was sent to Yarmouth to act as depot for a detachment of the Flotilla, which was based there from this date. Her crew also established a permanent submarine base. The detachment left on 21 December 1914 and ''Adamant'' returned to Harwich. ''Adamant'' was transferred for service as depot ship for the E-class submarines being sent to the Eastern Mediterranea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HMS Maidstone (1912)
HMS ''Maidstone'' was a submarine depot ship of the Royal Navy. She was purpose built to support 12 of the new 'D' Class submarines under the 1910/11 Naval Programme. Pennant numbers Service History Pre-war ''Maidstone'' commissioned at Portsmouth on 15 October 1912, as the principal depot ship of the officer commanding the newly established 8th Submarine Flotilla. This was the offensive submarine force based in UK waters. First World War ''Maidstone'' led the 8th Submarine Flotilla to its war station at Harwich in the 1914 mobilisation Mobilization is the act of assembling and readying military troops and supplies for war. The word ''mobilization'' was first used in a military context in the 1850s to describe the preparation of the Prussian Army. Mobilization theories and .... She remained the principal depot ship for the offensive submarine force at Harwich for the duration of the hostilities. ''Maidstones Flotilla was re-established as the 9th Submarine Floti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HMS E9
HMS ''E9'' was a British E class submarine built by Vickers, Barrow. She was laid down on 1 June 1912 and was commissioned on 18 June 1914. Design Like all post-''E8'' British E-class submarines, ''E9'' had a displacement of at the surface and while submerged. She had a total length of and a beam of . She was powered by two Vickers eight-cylinder two-stroke diesel engines and two electric motors.Akerman, P. (1989). ''Encyclopaedia of British submarines 1901–1955''. p.150. Maritime Books. The submarine had a maximum surface speed of and a submerged speed of . British E-class submarines had fuel capacities of of diesel and ranges of when travelling at . ''E9'' was capable of operating submerged for five hours when travelling at . ''E9'' was not fitted with a deck gun during construction, and it is not known whether one was fitted later, as was the case with many boats up to ''E19''. She was the first of her class to be constructed with five 18 inch (450 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HMS E8
HMS ''E8'' was a British E-class submarine built at Chatham Dockyard. She was laid down on 30 March 1912 and was commissioned on 18 June 1914. She cost £105,700. During World War I, she was part of the British submarine flotilla in the Baltic. Design The early British E-class submarines, from ''E1'' to ''E8'', had a displacement of at the surface and while submerged. They had a length overall of and a beam of , and were powered by two Vickers eight-cylinder two-stroke diesel engines and two electric motors.Akerman, P. (1989). ''Encyclopaedia of British submarines 1901–1955''. p.150. Maritime Books. The class had a maximum surface speed of and a submerged speed of , with a fuel capacity of of diesel affording a range of when travelling at , while submerged they had a range of at . The 'Group 1' ''E'' class boats were armed with four 18 inch (450 mm) torpedo tubes, one in the bow, one either side amidships, and one in the stern; a total of eight torped ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HMS E7
HMS ''E7'' was a British E class submarine built at Chatham Dockyard. She was laid down on 30 March 1912 and was commissioned on 16 March 1914. She cost £105,700. Design The early British E-class submarines, from ''E1'' to ''E8'', had a displacement of at the surface and while submerged. They had a length overall of and a beam of , and were powered by two Vickers eight-cylinder two-stroke diesel engines and two electric motors.Akerman, P. (1989). ''Encyclopaedia of British submarines 1901–1955''. p.150. Maritime Books. The class had a maximum surface speed of and a submerged speed of , with a fuel capacity of of diesel affording a range of when travelling at , while submerged they had a range of at . The early 'Group 1' ''E'' class boats were armed with four 18 inch (450 mm) torpedo tubes, one in the bow, one either side amidships, and one in the stern; a total of eight torpedoes were carried. Group 1 boats were not fitted with a deck gun during constr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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