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40s BC
This article concerns the period 49 BC – 40 BC. Significant people * Julius Caesar, Roman dictator (lived 100– 44 BC, term 46– 44 BC) * Marcus Junius Brutus, Roman politician ( 85–42 BC) * Mark Antony, Roman politician and general ( 83–30 BC) * Pharaoh Cleopatra VII of Egypt (lived 70/ 69–30 BC, reigned 51–30 BC)—enters her twenties, has son Caesarion with Julius Caesar, before meeting Mark Antony * Gaius Iulius Caesar Octavianus, Roman politician and general (62 BC–AD 14) * Pharaoh Ptolemy XV Caesarion (lived 47–30 BC, reigned 44–30 BC) * Gaius Cassius Longinus, Roman politician (died 42 BC __NOTOC__ Year 42 BC was either a common year starting on Monday, Tuesday or Wednesday or a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar (the sources differ, see leap year error for further inform ...) References {{DEFAULTSORT:40s Bc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Julius Caesar
Gaius Julius Caesar (; ; 12 July 100 BC – 15 March 44 BC), was a Roman general and statesman. A member of the First Triumvirate, Caesar led the Roman armies in the Gallic Wars before defeating his political rival Pompey in a civil war, and subsequently became dictator from 49 BC until his assassination in 44 BC. He played a critical role in the events that led to the demise of the Roman Republic and the rise of the Roman Empire. In 60 BC, Caesar, Crassus and Pompey formed the First Triumvirate, an informal political alliance that dominated Roman politics for several years. Their attempts to amass power as were opposed by the within the Roman Senate, among them Cato the Younger with the frequent support of Cicero. Caesar rose to become one of the most powerful politicians in the Roman Republic through a string of military victories in the Gallic Wars, completed by 51 BC, which greatly extended Roman territory. During this time he both invaded Britain and built a b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
30 BC
__NOTOC__ Year 30 BC was either a common year starting on Wednesday, Thursday or Friday or a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar (the sources differ, see leap year error for further information) and a common year starting on Wednesday of the Proleptic Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Octavian and Crassus (or, less frequently, year 724 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 30 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Republic * Gaius Julius Caesar Octavian becomes consul for the fourth time. His partner is Marcus Licinius Crassus the Younger. * Spring – Octavian leads his army to the Dardanelles, ships them across to Asia Minor and marches into Syria where Herod the Great sends him vows of loyalty and thousands of his own troops ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
47 BC
__NOTOC__ Year 47 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Calenius and Vatinius (or, less frequently, year 707 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 47 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.... Events By place Roman Republic * Consuls: Quintus Fufius Calenus, Publius Vatinius. * Civil War: ** August – Julius Caesar quells a mutiny of his veterans in Rome. ** October – Caesar's invasion of Africa, against Metellus Scipio and Labienus, Caesar's former lieutenant in Gaul. Egypt * January 13 – Queen Cleopatra VII promotes her younger brother Ptolemy XIV of Egypt to co-ruler. * February – Caesar and his ally Cleopatra VII of Egypt defeat the forces of the rival Egyptian Queen Arsinoe IV in the Battle of the Nile. Ptolemy is killed; Caesar, with the aid of Mithridates I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ptolemy XV
Ptolemy XV Caesar). (; grc-gre, Πτολεμαῖος ; 23 June 47 BC – August 30 BC), nicknamed Caesarion (, "Little Caesar"), was the last pharaoh of Ptolemaic Egypt, reigning with his mother Cleopatra from 2 September 44 BC until her death by 12 August 30 BC, then as sole ruler until his death was ordered by Octavian (who would become the first Roman emperor as Augustus). Caesarion was the eldest son of Cleopatra and the only known biological son of Julius Caesar, after whom he was named. He was the last sovereign member of the Ptolemaic dynasty of Egypt. Early life Ptolemy Caesar Philopator Philometor ( ) was born in Egypt on 23 June 47 BC. His mother Cleopatra insisted that he was the son of Roman politician and dictator Julius Caesar, and while he was said to have inherited Caesar's looks and manner, Caesar did not officially acknowledge him. One of Caesar's supporters, Gaius Oppius, even wrote a pamphlet which attempted to prove that Caesar could not have fa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
AD 14
__NOTOC__ AD 14 ( XIV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Pompeius and Appuleius (or, less frequently, year 767 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination AD 14 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire * Augustus' third (and final) 20-year census of the Roman Empire reports a total of 4,973,000 citizens. * August 19 – Augustus, the first Roman emperor, dies and is declared to be a god. * September 18 – Tiberius succeeds his stepfather Augustus as Roman emperor. * Legions on the Rhine mutiny after the death of Augustus; Germanicus restores discipline amongst the legions. * Germanicus is appointed commander of the forces in Germany, beginning a campaign that will end in 16. * Germanicus leads a brutal raid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
62 BC
__NOTOC__ Year 62 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Silanus and Murena (or, less frequently, year 692 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 62 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Republic * January 5 – The forces of the conspirator Catiline are defeated by the loyal Roman armies of Antonius Hybrida led by Marcus Petreius in the Battle of Pistoria. * Julius Caesar divorces Pompeia, following the sacrilege of Publius Clodius Pulcher. * Cicero delivers his Pro Archia Poeta in defense of Aulus Licinius Archias' claim to Roman citizenship. * Cato the Younger, as tribune, presents a ''lex frumentaria'' ( enacting a grain dole). * Metellus Nepos, also tribune, leaves Rome. * Caesar and Bibulus are praetors. Commagene * King Antiochus I Theos of Commagene bui ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Augustus
Caesar Augustus (born Gaius Octavius; 23 September 63 BC – 19 August AD 14), also known as Octavian, was the first Roman emperor; he reigned from 27 BC until his death in AD 14. He is known for being the founder of the Roman Principate, which is the first phase of the Roman Empire, and Augustus is considered one of the greatest leaders in human history. The reign of Augustus initiated an imperial cult as well as an era associated with imperial peace, the ''Pax Romana'' or ''Pax Augusta''. The Roman world was largely free from large-scale conflict for more than two centuries despite continuous wars of imperial expansion on the empire's frontiers and the year-long civil war known as the "Year of the Four Emperors" over the imperial succession. Originally named Gaius Octavius, he was born into an old and wealthy equestrian branch of the plebeian ''gens'' Octavia. His maternal great-uncle Julius Caesar was assassinated in 44 BC, and Octavius was named in Caesar' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caesarion
Ptolemy XV Caesar). (; grc-gre, Πτολεμαῖος ; 23 June 47 BC – August 30 BC), nicknamed Caesarion (, "Little Caesar"), was the last pharaoh of Ptolemaic Egypt, reigning with his mother Cleopatra from 2 September 44 BC until her death by 12 August 30 BC, then as sole ruler until his death was ordered by Octavian (who would become the first Roman emperor as Augustus). Caesarion was the eldest son of Cleopatra and the only known biological son of Julius Caesar, after whom he was named. He was the last sovereign member of the Ptolemaic dynasty of Egypt. Early life Ptolemy Caesar Philopator Philometor ( ) was born in Egypt on 23 June 47 BC. His mother Cleopatra insisted that he was the son of Roman politician and dictator Julius Caesar, and while he was said to have inherited Caesar's looks and manner, Caesar did not officially acknowledge him. One of Caesar's supporters, Gaius Oppius, even wrote a pamphlet which attempted to prove that Caesar could not have fa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
51 BC
__NOTOC__ Year 51 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Marcellus and Sulpicius (or, less frequently, year 703 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 51 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Republic * Consuls: Marcus Claudius Marcellus and Servius Sulpicius Rufus. * Pompey demands that Julius Caesar lay down his command before he can stand for consul. Egypt * Spring – King Ptolemy XII (Auletes) dies and is succeeded by his eldest surviving daughter Cleopatra VII and her younger brother Ptolemy XIII as co-rulers of the Ptolemaic Kingdom. Asia * The Xiongnu split into two hordes. The Eastern horde is subject to China. Births * Cheng, Chinese emperor of the Han Dynasty (d. 7 BC) * Publius Sulpicius Quirinius, Roman aristocrat (d. 21 AD) Deaths * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
69 BC
__NOTOC__ Year 69 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Hortensius and Metellus (or, less frequently, year 685 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 69 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Republic * October 6 – Roman Republic troops under Lucius Lucullus defeat the army of Tigranes II of Armenia in the Battle of Tigranocerta, and capture Tigranocerta, capital of Armenia. * Consuls: Quintus Caecilius Metellus Creticus and Quintus Hortensius. * Antiochus XIII Asiaticus is installed as king of Syria. * Parthians and Romans re-establish Euphrates as a frontier. * Gaius Julius Caesar is a quaestor in Spain. Egypt * Ptolemy XII deposes Cleopatra V, and becomes sole ruler. Greece * Kydonia, an ancient city on the island of Crete falls to Roman military forces. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
70 BC
__NOTOC__ Year 70 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Pompeius and Crassus (or, less frequently, year 684 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 70 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Republic * August – In Rome, Cicero prosecutes former governor Verres; Verres exiles himself to Marseille before the trial is over. * The office of censor is reinstated. * Lucullus captures Sinop, then invades Armenia. Parthia * Phraates III becomes the king of Parthia. Births * October 15 – Virgil, Roman poet (d. 70 BC) * Cleopatra VII, queen of Egypt (d. 30 BC) * Crinagoras, Greek epigrammatist (d. 18 BC) * Gaius Maecenas, Roman politician (d. 8 BC) Deaths * Mithridates I, king of Commagene * Sanatruces (or Sanatruk), king of Parthia Parthia ( peo, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cleopatra VII Of Egypt
Cleopatra VII Philopator ( grc-gre, Κλεοπάτρα Φιλοπάτωρ}, "Cleopatra the father-beloved"; 69 BC10 August 30 BC) was Queen of the Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt from 51 to 30 BC, and its last active ruler.She was also a diplomat, naval commander, linguist, and medical author; see and . A member of the Ptolemaic dynasty, she was a descendant of its founder Ptolemy I Soter, a Macedonian Greek general and companion of Alexander the Great. writes about Ptolemy I Soter: "The Ptolemaic dynasty, of which Cleopatra was the last representative, was founded at the end of the fourth century BC. The Ptolemies were not of Egyptian extraction, but stemmed from Ptolemy Soter, a Macedonian Greek in the entourage of Alexander the Great."For additional sources that describe the Ptolemaic dynasty as " Macedonian Greek", please see , , , and . Alternatively, describes them as a "Macedonian, Greek-speaking" dynasty. Other sources such as and describe the Ptolemies a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
