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4'-Methoxy-α-pyrrolidinopentiophenone
4'-Methoxy-α-pyrrolidinopentiophenone (also known as O-2417, 4-MeO-α-PVP and MOPVP) is a stimulant drug of the cathinone class that has been sold online as a designer drug. Legal Status As of October 2015 4-MeO-α-PVP is a controlled substance in China. See also * 4Cl-PVP * 4F-PVP * 4-Et-PVP * alpha-Pyrrolidinopentiophenone * 4'-Methoxy-α-pyrrolidinopropiophenone * DMPVP * MDPV Methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) is a stimulant of the cathinone class that acts as a norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI). It was first developed in the 1960s by a team at Boehringer Ingelheim. Its activity at the dopamine tra ... * Pyrovalerone References Designer drugs Norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitors Pyrrolidinophenones Propyl compounds {{nervous-system-drug-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
4Cl-PVP
4-Chloro-''alpha''-pyrrolidinovalerophenone (also known as 4-chloro-''alpha''-pyrrolidinopentiophenone, 4-chloro-α-PVP, 4Cl-PVP, or 4C-PVP) is an emerging recreational designer drug of the pyrrolidinophenone class, similar in structure to ''alpha''-pyrrolidinopentiophenone (α-PVP). The pharmacology and toxicity of this compound is unknown, though it is presumed to be a stimulant drug. In the United States, 4-chloro-α-PVP is a Schedule I Controlled Substance. See also * 3F-PVP * 4-Chloromethcathinone * 4F-PVP * 4-Et-PVP * MFPVP * MOPVP * DMPVP * MDPV * O-2390 * Pyrovalerone * RTI-31 (–)-2β-Carbomethoxy-3β-(4'-chlorophenyl)tropane (RTI-''4229''-31) is a synthetic analog of cocaine that acts as a stimulant. Semi-synthesis of this compound is dependent upon the availability of cocaine starting material. According to the ar ... References Pyrrolidinophenones Designer drugs Serotonin-norepinephrine-dopamine releasing agents Propyl compounds {{DEFAULTSORT ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
4-Et-PVP
4-Ethyl-alpha-PVP (4-Et-PVP) is a recreational designer drug from the substituted cathinone family, with stimulant effects. It was first identified in Hungary in March 2019. See also * 3F-PVP * 4-EMC * 4-Ethylamphetamine * 4F-PVP * 4Cl-PVP * MOPVP * DMPVP * MDPV * Pyrovalerone * RTI-83 RTI-83 ((–)-2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-ethylphenyl)tropane) is a phenyltropane derivative which represents a rare example of an SDRI or serotonin-dopamine reuptake inhibitor, a drug which inhibits the reuptake of the neurotransmitters serotonin ... * 3,4-EtPV (3,4-EthylenPyroValeron) References Pyrrolidinophenones Designer drugs Serotonin-norepinephrine-dopamine releasing agents {{nervous-system-drug-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
3',4'-Dimethoxy-α-pyrrolidinopentiophenone
3',4'-Dimethoxy-α-pyrrolidinopentiophenone (also known as O-2512, 3,4-dimethoxy-α-PVP, 3,4-DMPV, DMPVP) is a synthetic stimulant drug of the cathinone class that has been sold online as a designer drug. It is a relatively weak inhibitor of serotonin reuptake and has little affinity ''in vitro'' for dopamine or noradrenaline transporters. See also * 4Cl-PVP * 4F-PVP * 4-Et-PVP * α-PBP * α-PHP * α-PPP * α-PVP * α-PVT * MFPVP * MOPVP * MDPV * O-2390 O-2390 (3,4-Dichloro-alpha-PVP, DCPVP) is a recreational designer drug from the substituted cathinone family, which acts as a potent inhibitor of dopamine and noradrenaline reuptake ''in vitro'', with weaker but still significant inhibition of ... * Pyrovalerone References Designer drugs Norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitors Pyrrolidinophenones Stimulants Propyl compounds {{nervous-system-drug-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stimulant
Stimulants (also often referred to as psychostimulants or colloquially as uppers) is an overarching term that covers many drugs including those that increase activity of the central nervous system and the body, drugs that are pleasurable and invigorating, or drugs that have Sympathomimetic drug, sympathomimetic effects. Stimulants are widely used throughout the world as prescription medicines as well as without a prescription (either legally or Prohibition (drugs), illicitly) as performance-enhancing substance, performance-enhancing or recreational drug use, recreational drugs. Among narcotics, stimulants produce a noticeable crash or ''Comedown (drugs), comedown'' at the end of their effects. The most frequently prescribed stimulants as of 2013 were lisdexamfetamine (Vyvanse), methylphenidate (Ritalin), and amphetamine (Adderall). It was estimated in 2015 that the percentage of the world population that had used cocaine during a year was 0.4%. For the category "amphetamines and p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Drug
A drug is any chemical substance that causes a change in an organism's physiology or psychology when consumed. Drugs are typically distinguished from food and substances that provide nutritional support. Consumption of drugs can be via insufflation (medicine), inhalation, drug injection, injection, smoking, ingestion, absorption (skin), absorption via a dermal patch, patch on the skin, suppository, or sublingual administration, dissolution under the tongue. In pharmacology, a drug is a chemical substance, typically of known structure, which, when administered to a living organism, produces a biological effect. A pharmaceutical drug, also called a medication or medicine, is a chemical substance used to pharmacotherapy, treat, cure, preventive healthcare, prevent, or medical diagnosis, diagnose a disease or to promote well-being. Traditionally drugs were obtained through extraction from medicinal plants, but more recently also by organic synthesis. Pharmaceutical drugs may be used ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Substituted Cathinone
Substituted cathinones, which include some stimulants and entactogens, are derivatives of cathinone. They feature a phenethylamine core with an alkyl group attached to the alpha carbon, and a ketone group attached to the beta carbon, along with additional substitutions. Cathinone occurs naturally in the plant khat whose leaves are chewed as a recreational drug. List of substituted cathinones The derivatives may be produced by substitutions at four locations of the cathinone molecule: * R1 = hydrogen, or any combination of one or more alkyl, alkoxy, alkylenedioxy, haloalkyl or halide substituents * R2 = hydrogen or any alkyl group * R3 = hydrogen, any alkyl group, or incorporation in a cyclic structure * R4 = hydrogen, any alkyl group, or incorporation in a cyclic structure The following table displays notable derivatives that have been reported: Legality On 2 April 2010, the Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs in the UK announced that a broad structure-based ba ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chemical Class
Chemical classification systems attempt to classify elements or compounds according to certain chemical functional or structural properties. Whereas the structural properties are largely intrinsic, functional properties and the derived classifications depend to a certain degree on the type of chemical interaction partners on which the function is exerted. Sometimes other criteria like purely physical ones (e.g. molecular weight) or - on the other hand - functional properties above the chemical level are also used for building chemical taxonomies. Some systems mix the various levels, resulting in hierarchies where the domains are slightly confused, for example having structural and functional aspects end up on the same level. Whereas chemical function is closely dependent on chemical structure, the situation becomes more involved when e.g. pharmacological function is integrated, because the QSAR can usually not be directly computed from structural qualities. Physico-chemical cla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Designer Drug
A designer drug is a structural or functional analog of a controlled substance that has been designed to mimic the pharmacological effects of the original drug, while avoiding classification as illegal and/or detection in standard drug tests. Designer drugs include psychoactive substances that have been designated by the European Union as new psychoactive substances (NPS) as well as analogs of performance-enhancing drugs such as designer steroids. Some of these were originally synthesized by academic or industrial researchers in an effort to discover more potent derivatives with fewer side effects, and shorter duration (and possibly also because it is easier to apply for patents for new molecules) and were later co-opted for recreational use. Other designer drugs were prepared for the first time in clandestine laboratories. Because the efficacy and safety of these substances have not been thoroughly evaluated in animal and human trials, the use of some of these drugs may result i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alpha-Pyrrolidinopentiophenone
α-Pyrrolidinopentiophenone (also known as α-pyrrolidinovalerophenone, α-PVP, O-2387, β-keto-prolintane, prolintanone, or desmethylpyrovalerone) is a synthetic stimulant of the cathinone class developed in the 1960s that has been sold as a designer drug. Colloquially, it is sometimes called flakka. α-PVP is chemically related to pyrovalerone and is the ketone analog of prolintane. Adverse effects α-PVP, like other psychostimulants, can cause hyperstimulation, paranoia, and hallucinations. α-PVP has been reported to be the cause, or a significant contributory cause of death in suicides and overdoses caused by combinations of drugs. α-PVP has also been linked to at least one death with pulmonary edema and moderately advanced atherosclerotic coronary disease when it was combined with pentedrone. According to Craig Crespi in the journal '' Case Reports in Psychiatry'', "symptoms are known to easily escalate into frightening delusions, paranoid psychosis, extreme agitation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
4'-Methoxy-α-pyrrolidinopropiophenone
4'-Methoxy-α-pyrrolidinopropiophenone (MOPPP) is a stimulant designer drug of the pyrrolidinophenone class. It has the potential to produce euphoria, an effect shared with other classical stimulants. Recreational use MOPPP use is infrequent when compared to other amphetamines or stimulants used recreationally, such as meth, cocaine, or speed. It first arose as a designer drug in Germany in the late 1990s and early 2000s, along with a number of other derivatives but never gained the international popularity that other drugs in its family of pyrrolidinophenone derivatives had (such as α-PPP and MDPV). While the recent trend of selling stimulants through false labeling (i.e., ''bath salts'') has gained notoriety, using MDPV as its main ingredient, this has not been the case with MOPPP, despite its similar potential for abuse. Chemistry MOPPP is structurally related to α-PPP in the same way that PMA is related to amphetamine: a methoxy group has been added to the 4-p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MDPV
Methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) is a stimulant of the cathinone class that acts as a norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI). It was first developed in the 1960s by a team at Boehringer Ingelheim. Its activity at the dopamine transporter is six times stronger than at the norepinephrine transporter and it is virtually inactive at the serotonin transporter. MDPV remained an obscure stimulant until around 2004 when it was reportedly sold as a designer drug. In the USA, products containing MDPV and labeled as bath salts were sold as recreational drugs in gas stations, similar to the marketing for Spice and K2 as incense, until it was banned in 2011. Appearance The hydrochloride salt exists as a very fine crystalline powder; it is hygroscopic and thus tends to form clumps, resembling something like powdered sugar. Its color can range from pure white to a yellowish-tan and has a slight odor that strengthens as it colors. Impurities are likely to consist of either pyrr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
