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3-Hydroxy-N,N-dimethylphenethylamine
3-Hydroxy-''N'',''N''-dimethylphenethylamine (developmental code name LSM-6) is a drug of the phenethylamine family which was under development for the treatment of mood disorders but was never marketed. It is the ''N'',''N''-di methylated derivative of ''meta''-tyramine (3-hydroxyphenethylamine). The drug is a naturally occurring constituent of ''Limacia scanden Lour.'' and is described as an adrenergic and serotonergic agent. It may act as a monoamine releasing agent and/or reuptake inhibitor. LSM-6 has sympathomimetic effects. It was being developed in the 1990s in Malaysia. The drug reached the preclinical research stage of development prior to its discontinuation. See also * List of investigational antidepressants * Trichocereine (3,4,5-trimethoxy-''N'',''N''-dimethylphenethylamine) * Macromerine (β-hydroxy-3,4-dimethoxy-''N'',''N''-dimethylphenethylamine) * Dimethylamphetamine (''N'',''N''-dimethylamphetamine) * Gepefrine (3-hydroxyamphetamine) * Pholedrine (4-hydroxy-'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trichocereine
Trichocereine, also known as ''N'',''N''-dimethyl-3,4,5-trimethoxyphenethylamine or as ''N'',''N''-dimethylmescaline (MM-M), is a phenethylamine alkaloid that is found in several plant species and is closely related to mescaline (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenethylamine).Luduena, F.P. (1935) Pharmacology of trichocereine, an alkaloid from the cactus Trichocereus terscheki (Parm.) Britton and Rose. ''Revista de la Sociedad Argentina de Biologia'' 11: 604–610. It was first reported in the '' Trichocereus terscheckii'' cactus in 1935 and was subsequently isolated from ''Gymnocalycium'' spp. and ''Turbinicarpus'' spp. cacti. Additionally, it has been found in the shrubs ''Acacia berlandieri'' and ''Acacia rigidula''. In contrast to mescaline, trichocereine has been found to lack psychoactive effects in humans at doses of up to 550mg. Similarly, the compound showed no activity in the conditioned avoidance test in rodents. See also * Substituted mescaline analogue * ''N''-Methylmescaline * Ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adrenergic Drug
Sympathomimetic drugs (also known as adrenergic drugs and adrenergic amines) are stimulant compounds which mimic the effects of endogenous agonists of the sympathetic nervous system. Examples of sympathomimetic effects include increases in heart rate, force of cardiac contraction, and blood pressure. The primary endogenous agonists of the sympathetic nervous system are the catecholamines (i.e., epinephrine drenaline norepinephrine oradrenaline and dopamine), which function as both neurotransmitters and hormones. Sympathomimetic drugs are used to treat cardiac arrest and low blood pressure, or even delay premature labor, among other things. These drugs can act through several mechanisms, such as directly activating postsynaptic receptors, blocking breakdown and reuptake of certain neurotransmitters, or stimulating production and release of catecholamines. Mechanisms of action The mechanisms of sympathomimetic drugs can be direct-acting (direct interaction between drug and recept ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Preclinical Research
In drug development, preclinical development, also termed preclinical studies or nonclinical studies, is a stage of research that begins before clinical trials (testing in humans) and during which important feasibility, iterative testing and drug safety data are collected, typically in laboratory animals. The main goals of preclinical studies are to determine a starting, safe dose for first-in-human study and assess potential toxicity of the product, which typically include new medical devices, prescription drugs, and diagnostics. Companies use stylized statistics to illustrate the risks in preclinical research, such as that on average, only one in every 5,000 compounds that enters drug discovery to the stage of preclinical development becomes an approved drug. Types of preclinical research Each class of product may undergo different types of preclinical research. For instance, drugs may undergo pharmacodynamics (what the drug does to the body) (PD), pharmacokinetics (wha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monoamine Releasing Agents
A monoamine releasing agent (MRA), or simply monoamine releaser, is a drug that induces the release of a monoamine neurotransmitter from the presynaptic neuron into the synapse, leading to an increase in the extracellular concentrations of the neurotransmitter. Many drugs induce their effects in the body and/or brain via the release of monoamine neurotransmitters, e.g., trace amines, many substituted amphetamines, and related compounds. Types of MRAs MRAS can be classified by the monoamines they mainly release, although these drugs lie on a spectrum. * Selective for one neurotransmitter ** Serotonin releasing agent (SRA) ** Norepinephrine releasing agent (NRA) ** Dopamine releasing agent (DRA) * Non-selective, releasing two or more neurotransmitters ** Norepinephrine–dopamine releasing agent (NDRA) ** Serotonin–norepinephrine releasing agent (SNRA) ** Serotonin–dopamine releasing agent (SDRA) ** Serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine releasing agent (SNDRA) Mechanism of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hydroxyarenes
Phenol (also called carbolic acid) is an aromatic organic compound with the molecular formula . It is a white crystalline solid that is volatile. The molecule consists of a phenyl group () bonded to a hydroxy group (). Mildly acidic, it requires careful handling because it can cause chemical burns. Phenol was first extracted from coal tar, but today is produced on a large scale (about 7 billion kg/year) from petroleum-derived feedstocks. It is an important industrial commodity as a precursor to many materials and useful compounds. It is primarily used to synthesize plastics and related materials. Phenol and its chemical derivatives are essential for production of polycarbonates, epoxies, Bakelite, nylon, detergents, herbicides such as phenoxy herbicides, and numerous pharmaceutical drugs. Properties Phenol is an organic compound appreciably soluble in water, with about 84.2 g dissolving in 1000 mL (0.895 M). Homogeneous mixtures of phenol and water at phenol to w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dimethylamino Compounds
Dimethylamine is an organic compound with the formula (CH3)2NH. This secondary amine is a colorless, flammable gas with an ammonia-like odor. Dimethylamine is commonly encountered commercially as a solution in water at concentrations up to around 40%. An estimated 270,000 tons were produced in 2005. Structure and synthesis The molecule consists of a nitrogen atom with two methyl substituents and one proton. Dimethylamine is a weak base and the pKa of the ammonium CH3--CH3 is 10.73, a value above methylamine (10.64) and trimethylamine (9.79). Dimethylamine reacts with acids to form salts, such as dimethylamine hydrochloride, an odorless white solid with a melting point of 171.5 °C. Dimethylamine is produced by catalytic reaction of methanol and ammonia at elevated temperatures and high pressure: :2 CH3OH + NH3 → (CH3)2NH + 2 H2O Natural occurrence Dimethylamine is found quite widely distributed in animals and plants, and is present in many foods at the lev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abandoned Drugs
Abandon, abandoned, or abandonment may refer to: Common uses * Abandonment (emotional), a subjective emotional state in which people feel undesired, left behind, insecure, or discarded * Abandonment (legal), a legal term regarding property ** Child abandonment, the extralegal abandonment of children ** Lost, mislaid, and abandoned property, legal status of property after abandonment and rediscovery * Abandonment (mysticism) Art, entertainment, and media Film * ''Abandon'' (film), a 2002 film starring Katie Holmes * ''Abandoned'' (1949 film), starring Dennis O'Keefe * ''Abandoned'' (1955 film), the English language title of the Italian war film ''Gli Sbandati'' * ''Abandoned'' (2001 film), a Hungarian film * ''Abandoned'' (2010 film), starring Brittany Murphy * ''Abandoned'' (2015 film), a television movie about the shipwreck of the ''Rose-Noëlle'' in 1989 * ''Abandoned'' (2022 film), starring Emma Roberts * ''The Abandoned'' (1945 film), a 1945 Mexican film * ''The Ab ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
4-Hydroxyamphetamine
4-Hydroxyamphetamine (4HA), also known as hydroxyamfetamine, hydroxyamphetamine, oxamphetamine, norpholedrine, ''para''-hydroxyamphetamine, and α-methyltyramine, is a drug that stimulates the sympathetic nervous system. It is used medically in eye drops to dilate the pupil (a process called mydriasis), so that the back of the eye can be examined. It is also a major metabolite of amphetamine and certain substituted amphetamines. Medical use 4-Hydroxyamphetamine is used in eye drops to dilate the pupil (a process called mydriasis) so that the back of the eye can be examined. This is a diagnostic test for Horner's syndrome. Patients with Horner's syndrome exhibit anisocoria brought about by lesions on the nerves that connect to the nasociliary branch of the ophthalmic nerve. Application of 4-hydroxyamphetamine to the eye can indicate whether the lesion is preganglionic or postganglionic based on the pupil's response. If the pupil dilates, the lesion is preganglionic. If the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pholedrine
Pholedrine (Paredrinol, Pulsotyl, Veritol), also known as 4-hydroxy-''N''-methylamphetamine (4-HMA), 4-hydroxymethamphetamine, and ''para''-hydroxymethamphetamine, is a drug that stimulates the sympathetic nervous system. It is administered as a topical eye drop form for the purpose of dilating the pupil and can be used to diagnose Horner's syndrome. See also * Norpholedrine * Tyramine Tyramine ( ) (also spelled tyramin), also known under several other names, is a naturally occurring trace amine derived from the amino acid tyrosine. Tyramine acts as a catecholamine releasing agent. Notably, it is unable to cross the blood ... * Hordenine References Methamphetamines Phenols Norepinephrine-dopamine releasing agents {{nervous-system-drug-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gepefrine
3-Hydroxyamphetamine ( INN; trade names Pressionorm, Gepefrine, and Wintonin), also known as meta-hydroxyamphetamine, and α-methyl-''meta''-tyramine, is an antihypotensive or sympathomimetic agent of the amphetamine family that is marketed in certain European countries. It is a known metabolite of amphetamine in rats. See also * 3,4-Dihydroxyamphetamine * Norfenfluramine * 4-Hydroxyamphetamine 4-Hydroxyamphetamine (4HA), also known as hydroxyamfetamine, hydroxyamphetamine, oxamphetamine, norpholedrine, ''para''-hydroxyamphetamine, and α-methyltyramine, is a drug that stimulates the sympathetic nervous system. It is used medically ... * Metaraminol * ''meta''-Tyramine References {{Phenethylamines Substituted amphetamines Phenols Sympathomimetics Norepinephrine-dopamine releasing agents ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dimethylamphetamine
Dimethylamphetamine (Metrotonin), also known as dimetamfetamine ( INN), dimephenopan and ''N'',''N''-dimethylamphetamine, is a stimulant drug of the phenethylamine and amphetamine chemical classes. Dimethylamphetamine has weaker stimulant effects than amphetamine or methamphetamine and is considerably less addictive and less neurotoxic compared to methamphetamine. However, it still retains some mild stimulant effects and abuse potential, and is a Schedule I controlled drug. Dimethylamphetamine has occasionally been found in illicit methamphetamine laboratories, but is usually an impurity rather than the desired product. It may be produced by accident when methamphetamine is synthesised by methylation of amphetamine if the reaction temperature is too high or an excess of methylating agent is used. It is said to be a prodrug of amphetamine/methamphetamine Methamphetamine (contracted from ) is a potent central nervous system (CNS) stimulant that is mainly used as a recreat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Macromerine
Macromerine is a phenethylamine derivative. It was first identified from the cactus '' Coryphantha macromeris''. It can also be found in ''C. runyonii'', ''C. elephantidens'', and other related members of the family Cactaceae. The plants may have been used by Tarahumara shamans for their entheogenic effects. Chemistry Macromerine is a phenethylamine derivative with the molecular formula C12H19NO3. Effects At least one study found macromerine to be non-psychoactive, however as a phenethylamine derivative, it may be psychoactive. See also * Phenethylamine cactus * Mescaline Mescaline or mescalin (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenethylamine) is a naturally occurring psychedelic protoalkaloid of the substituted phenethylamine class, known for its hallucinogenic effects comparable to those of LSD and psilocybin. Biological ... References {{Phenethylamines Phenethylamine alkaloids Phenethylamines Phenol ethers Phenylethanolamines ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
