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2018 Sunda Strait Tsunami
The 2018 Sunda strait tsunami (Indonesian: ''Tsunami Selat Sunda 2018'') occurred on 22 December 2018 at around 21:38 local time after large parts of the southwestern side of Anak Krakatoa collapsed onto its caldera. The landslide spawned a massive tsunami wave that struck multiple coastal regions in Banten and Lampung, including the popular tourist destination of Anyer. Lack of warnings on the arrival of the tsunami, coinciding with the Christmas and New Year holiday season in the nation, and night time setting in the area contributed to the large loss of life. With 426 deaths, the tsunami was the deadliest volcanic tsunami in recorded history in Indonesia since the 1883 Sunda Strait tsunami, which originated from the same island.Benazir, Comfort, L.K., Luthfi, M, Supasri, A, Syamsidik. (2020). The 22 December 2018 Mount Anak Krakatau volcanogenic tsunami on Sunda Strait coasts, Indonesia: tsunami and damage characteristics. ''Natural Hazards and Earty System Sciences'', pp 549 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tsunami
A tsunami ( ; from ja, 津波, lit=harbour wave, ) is a series of waves in a water body caused by the displacement of a large volume of water, generally in an ocean or a large lake. Earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and other underwater explosions (including detonations, landslides, glacier calvings, meteorite impacts and other disturbances) above or below water all have the potential to generate a tsunami. Unlike normal ocean waves, which are generated by wind, or tides, which are in turn generated by the gravitational pull of the Moon and the Sun, a tsunami is generated by the displacement of water from a large event. Tsunami waves do not resemble normal undersea currents or sea waves because their wavelength is far longer. Rather than appearing as a breaking wave, a tsunami may instead initially resemble a rapidly rising tide. For this reason, it is often referred to as a tidal wave, although this usage is not favoured by the scientific community because it mig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sunda Strait
The Sunda Strait ( id, Selat Sunda) is the strait between the Indonesian islands of Java and Sumatra. It connects the Java Sea with the Indian Ocean. Etymology The strait takes its name from the Sunda Kingdom, which ruled the western portion of Java (an area covering the present day West Java, Jakarta, Banten, and some of western Central Java) from 669 to around 1579."Sunda Islands". Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. John Everett-Heath. Oxford University Press 2005. Oxford Reference Online. Oxford University Press. The name also alludes to the Sundanese people native to West Java and Banten, as distinct from the Javanese people, who live mostly in Central and East Java. Geography Extending in a roughly southwest/northeast orientation, with a minimum width of at its northeastern end between Cape Tua on Sumatra and Cape Pujat on Java, the strait is part of the Java Sea. It is essentially triangular in shape, with two large bays on its northern side. It is also very b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tsunami Warning System
A tsunami warning system (TWS) is used to detect tsunamis in advance and issue the warnings to prevent loss of life and damage to property. It is made up of two equally important components: a network of sensors to detect tsunamis and a communications infrastructure to issue timely alarms to permit evacuation of the coastal areas. There are two distinct types of tsunami warning systems: international and regional. When operating, seismic alerts are used to instigate the watches and warnings; then, data from observed sea level height (either shore-based tide gauges or DART buoys) are used to verify the existence of a tsunami. Other systems have been proposed to augment the warning procedures; for example, it has been suggested that the duration and frequency content of t-wave energy (which is earthquake energy trapped in the ocean SOFAR channel) is indicative of an earthquake's tsunami potential. History and forecasting The first rudimentary system to alert communities of an i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sutopo Purwo Nugroho
Sutopo Purwo Nugroho (7 October 1969 – 7 July 2019) was an Indonesian civil servant and academic who worked at the Indonesian National Board for Disaster Management as its head of public relations. An alumnus of Gadjah Mada University and Bogor Agricultural Institute, he started working for the government in 1994 before being placed at his public relations post in 2010. Early life and education Sutopo was born in Boyolali, Central Java, on 7 October 1969 as the first son of Suharsono Harsosaputro and Sri Roosmandari. His father was a teacher. He attended elementary, middle and high schools in his hometown. He earned his bachelor's degree in Geography from Gadjah Mada University in 1993, where he was the best graduate of the year. Later, he received his master's degree and PhD in hydrology, specialising in the carbon cycle and climate change, from Bogor Agricultural Institute. According to Sutopo in an interview with ''detik.com'', he nearly became a research professor in 201 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indonesian National Board For Disaster Management
The National Agency for Disaster Countermeasure (Indonesian: ''Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana''; officially National Disaster Management Agency), abbreviated as BNPB, is the Indonesian board for natural disaster affairs. It was established in 2008 to replace the National Disaster Management Coordinating Board (''Badan Koordinasi Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana'' or Bakornas PB). BNPB is directly responsible to the President of Indonesia and the chairman is directly appointed by the President. History On 20 August 1945, the Indonesian government established the Agency for Assisting Families of War Victims (''Badan Penolong Keluarga Korban Perang''; abbreviated as BPKKP) and its focus was to assist the war victims and their respective families during the Indonesian National Revolution. In 1966, the government established the advisory board of Central Natural Disaster Management (''Badan Pertimbangan Penanggulangan Bencana Alam Pusat''; abbreviated as BP2BA) through the Pre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meteorology, Climatology, And Geophysical Agency
Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysical Agency ( id, Badan Meteorologi, Klimatologi, dan Geofisika, abbreviated BMKG) is an Indonesian non-departmental government agency for meteorology, climatology, and geophysics. History Its history began on 1841 with individual observation conducted by Dr. Onnen, the head of hospital in Bogor, and was established as a formal government institution on 1866 by the Dutch East Indies government by the name of ''Magnetisch en Meteorologisch Observatorium''. The agency name changed several times and its current name was given on 6 September 2008. Tropical Cyclone Warning Centre Since 1986 the BMKG, has run a Tropical Cyclone Warning Centre (TCWC), within their headquarters in Jakarta. Over the next 12 ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Time In Indonesia
The Indonesian Archipelago geographically stretches across four time zones from UTC+06:00 in Aceh to UTC+09:00 in Papua. However, the Indonesian government recognises only three time zones in its territory, namely: *Western Indonesia Time (WIB) — seven hours ahead ( UTC+07:00) of the Coordinated Universal Time (UTC); *Central Indonesia Time (WITA) — eight hours ahead ( UTC+08:00) of UTC; *Eastern Indonesia Time (WIT) — nine hours ahead ( UTC+09:00) of UTC. The boundary between the Western and Central time zones was established as a line running north between Java and Bali through the provincial boundaries of West and Central Kalimantan. The border between the Central and Eastern time zones runs north from the eastern tip of Indonesian Timor to the eastern tip of Sulawesi. Daylight saving time (DST) is no longer observed anywhere in Indonesia. Current usage In Indonesia, the keeping of standard time is divided into three time zones: These time zones were first obs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Volcanological Survey Of Indonesia
Volcanological Survey of Indonesia is the official Indonesian government agency under Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources which are responsible for investigating, recording, and warning about volcanoes within the Indonesian region of responsibility and geological hazard mitigation. The full official Indonesian name is the ''Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi'' (English: ''Vulcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation Center''), often abbreviated to PVMBG. It is based in Bandung in West Java. It was preceded by the ''Netherlands East Indies Volcanological Survey''. It has also been known as the ''Direktorat Vulcanologi''. Its main publication has been known as ''Berita Berkala vulkanologi''. References External links Volcanological Survey of Indonesia(in Indonesian Indonesian is anything of, from, or related to Indonesia, an archipelagic country in Southeast Asia. It may refer to: * Indonesians, citizens of Indonesia ** Native Indonesians, diverse groups of lo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sunda Strait Tsunami Affected 2018
Sunda may refer to: Europe * Sunda, Faroe Islands India * Sunda (asura), an asura brother of Upasunda * Sunda (clan), a clan (gotra) of Jats in Haryana and Rajasthan, India Southeast Asia * Sundanese (other) ** Sundanese people ** Sundanese language ** Sundanese script ** Sundanese (Unicode block) * Sunda Kingdom, a kingdom that existed in west part of Java island from the 7th century to the 16th century * Kidung Sunda, a literary work that recounts the story of the "Battle of Bubat" between Sundanese and Javanese *Sunda Kelapa, is the old port of Jakarta located on the estuarine of Ciliwung River, the main port of the Sunda Kingdom * Mount Sunda, an ancient extinct supervolcano once exist in Priangan highland during Pleistocene age, the predecessor of Tangkuban Perahu, Burangrang, and Bukit Tunggul volcanoes * Sunda Strait, the strait between Java and Sumatra * Sunda Islands, a group of islands located in Indonesia and Malaysia ** Greater Sunda Islands ** Lesser Su ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Government Of Indonesia
The term Government of Indonesia ( id, Pemerintah Indonesia) can have a number of different meanings. At its widest, it can refer collectively to the three traditional branches of government – the executive branch, legislative branch and judicial branch. The term is also used colloquially to mean the executive and legislature together, as these are the branches of government responsible for day-to-day governance of the nation and lawmaking. At its narrowest, the term is used to refer to the executive branch in form of the Cabinet of Indonesia as this is the branch of government responsible for day-to-day governance. History Liberal democracy era An era of Liberal Democracy ( id, Demokrasi Liberal) in Indonesia began on August 17, 1950 following the dissolution of the federal United States of Indonesia less than a year after its formation, and ended with the imposition of martial law and President Sukarno's decree regarding the introduction of Guided Democracy on July ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eruptions
Several types of volcanic eruptions—during which lava, tephra (ash, lapilli, volcanic bombs and volcanic blocks), and assorted gases are expelled from a volcanic vent or fissure—have been distinguished by volcanologists. These are often named after famous volcanoes where that type of behavior has been observed. Some volcanoes may exhibit only one characteristic type of eruption during a period of activity, while others may display an entire sequence of types all in one eruptive series. There are three different types of eruptions: * Magmatic eruptions are the most well-observed type of eruption. They involve the decompression of gas within magma that propels it forward. * Phreatic eruptions are driven by the superheating of steam due to the close proximity of magma. This type exhibits no magmatic release, instead causing the granulation of existing rock. * Phreatomagmatic eruptions are driven by the direct interaction of magma and water, as opposed to phreatic erup ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
