|
1982 Bukit Merah Radioactive Pollution
The 1982 Bukit Merah radioactive pollution is a radioactive waste pollution incident in Bukit Merah of Kinta District in Central Perak, Malaysia. The outcome of the pollution case took several years to complete with no acknowledgement of responsibilities from companies involved despite the closure of factory in 1994 that become the source of pollution. Background A rare earth extracting company named Asia Rare Earth Sdn Bhd (ARE) was established in 1979 for yttrium extraction in Bukit Merah, Perak with the biggest shareholders for the company was the Mitsubishi Chemical Industries Ltd and Beh Minerals (both with 35% share) together with Tabung Haji and other Bumiputera businessmen owning lesser shares. In 1982, the newly established company began to extracting yttrium from a mineral named monazite which contains different earth elements with radioactive including thorium and uranium. Since the company of ARE starting its operation, residents from a nearby town of Papan b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bukit Merah, Perak
One of two towns in Kinta District, Perak, Malaysia. District of Kerian, Northern Perak Bukit Merah ( Jawi: بوكيت ميره; ) is a town and a popular tourist destination. It is famous for the Bukit Merah Laketown Resort. District of Kinta, Central Perak Bukit Merah ( Jawi: بوكيت ميره; ) is a village with population of 11,000, located near Ipoh , image_map = , map_caption = Location of Ipoh in Perak , pushpin_map = #Malaysia#Asia#Earth , pushpin_mapsize = 275px , pushpin_map_caption = Ipoh in Malaysia , coordinates .... In 1992 and again notably in 2011, it attracted attention for radioactive pollution and health problems due to rare-earth mining in the decade or more before the mine closed in 1992.Bradsher, Keith"Mitsubishi Quietly Cleans Up Its Former Refinery" ''The New York Times'', March 8, 2011 (March 9, 2011 p. B4 NY ed.). Retrieved 2011-03-16. References External linksBuk ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Odour
An odor (American English) or odour (Commonwealth English; see spelling differences) is caused by one or more volatilized chemical compounds that are generally found in low concentrations that humans and animals can perceive via their sense of smell. An odor is also called a "smell" or a "scent", which can refer to either a pleasant or an unpleasant odor. While "odor" and "smell" can refer to pleasant and unpleasant odors, the terms "scent", "aroma", and "fragrance" are usually reserved for pleasant-smelling odors and are frequently used in the food and cosmetic industry to describe floral scents or to refer to perfumes. Physiology of smell Sense of smell The perception of odors, or sense of smell, is mediated by the olfactory nerve. The olfactory receptor (OR) cells are neurons present in the olfactory epithelium, which is a small patch of tissue at the back of the nasal cavity. There are millions of olfactory receptor neurons that act as sensory signaling cells. E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Government Of Malaysia
The Government of Malaysia, officially the Federal Government of Malaysia ( ms, Kerajaan Persekutuan Malaysia), is based in the Federal Territory (Malaysia), Federal Territory of Putrajaya with the exception of the legislative branch, which is located in Kuala Lumpur. Malaysia is a federation comprising States of Malaysia, the 11 States of Malaya, the Borneo States of Sabah and Sarawak, and 3 Federal Territories operating within a constitutional monarchy under the Westminster system and is categorised as a representative democracy. The federal government of Malaysia adheres to and is created by the Constitution of Malaysia, Federal Constitution of Malaysia, the supreme law of the land. The federal government adopts the principle of separation of powers under Article 127 of the Federal Constitution of Malaysia, and has three branches: Executive branch, executive, legislature and judiciary. The State governments of Malaysia, state governments in Malaysia also have their respective ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Commission On Radiological Protection
The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) is an independent, international, non-governmental organization, with the mission to protect people, animals, and the environment from the harmful effects of ionising radiation. Its recommendations form the basis of radiological protection policy, regulations, guidelines and practice worldwide. The ICRP was effectively founded in 1928 at the second International Congress of Radiology in Stockholm, Sweden but was then called the International X-ray and Radium Protection Committee (IXRPC). In 1950 it was restructured to take account of new uses of radiation outside the medical area and re-named as the ICRP. The ICRP is a sister organisation to the International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU). In general terms ICRU defines the units, and ICRP recommends, develops and maintains the International system of radiological protection which uses these units. Operation The ICRP is a not-for-profit organ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Radiation
In physics, radiation is the emission or transmission of energy in the form of waves or particles through space or through a material medium. This includes: * ''electromagnetic radiation'', such as radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, x-rays, and gamma radiation (γ) * ''particle radiation'', such as alpha radiation (α), beta radiation (β), proton radiation and neutron radiation (particles of non-zero rest energy) * '' acoustic radiation'', such as ultrasound, sound, and seismic waves (dependent on a physical transmission medium) * ''gravitational wave, gravitational radiation'', that takes the form of gravitational waves, or ripples in the curvature of spacetime Radiation is often categorized as either ''ionizing radiation, ionizing'' or ''non-ionizing radiation, non-ionizing'' depending on the energy of the radiated particles. Ionizing radiation carries more than 10 electron volt, eV, which is enough to ionize atoms and molecules and break ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orders Of Magnitude (radiation)
Recognized effects of higher acute radiation doses are described in more detail in the article on radiation poisoning. Although the International System of Units (SI) defines the sievert (Sv) as the unit of radiation dose equivalent, chronic radiation levels and standards are still often given in units of millirems (mrem), where 1 mrem equals 1/1000 of a rem and 1 rem equals 0.01 Sv. Light radiation sickness begins at about 50–100 rad (0.5–1 gray (Gy), 0.5–1 Sv, 50–100 rem, 50,000–100,000 mrem). The following table includes some dosages for comparison purposes, using millisieverts (mSv) (one thousandth of a sievert). The concept of radiation hormesis is relevant to this table – radiation hormesis is a hypothesis stating that the effects of a given acute dose may differ from the effects of an equal fractionated dose. Thus 100 mSv is considered twice in the table below – once as received over a 5-year period, and once as an acute dose, receive ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kasitah Gaddam
Tan Sri Datuk Kasitah bin Gaddam ( Jawi: قصيدة بن قدم; born 18 October 1947) is a Malaysian politician from the United Malay National Organisation (UMNO) who served as Minister of Lands and Co-operatives Development of Malaysia between 1999 and 2004. He was born in Sabah, Malaysia. Corruption allegations 2004 Kasitah served as chairman of the Sabah State Land Development Authority (LKTNS). He was charged at the Kuala Lumpur Sessions Court on 12 February 2004 on two charges of corruption. Kasitah was accused of using his position as chairman of the LKTNS Board for personal interest by participating in the decision to approve the proposed sale of 16.8 million worth of Sapi Plantations shares held by the board to Briskmark Enterprise Sdn Bhd. Kasitah was also accused of deceiving LKTNS by not revealing the offer of PPB Oil Palm Sdn Bhd to allocate five shares of the company for each Sapi Plantations share in the proposed public listing. Brismark Enterprise Sdn Bhd direc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Musa Hitam
Tun Musa bin Hitam ( Jawi: موسى بن هيتم; born 18 April 1934) is a Malaysian politician who was Deputy Prime Minister of Malaysia from 1981 to 1986, serving under Mahathir Mohamad. He was the chairman of Sime Darby Berhad. Early life and education Musa bin Hitam was born in Johor Bahru, British Malaya in 1934. Musa was born to a Malay father of Javanese descent and a mother of Chinese descent, who was adopted by and grew up in a Malay household at the age of five. He continued his studies at the English College Johore Bahru. He also received his bachelor's degree from the University of Malaya and his master's degree from the University of Sussex. He has since been awarded with various honours, including an Honorary Doctorate from the University of Sussex and an Honorary Doctorate from Ohio University (in 1980). Musa has held various posts at the international level at various times. These included being Chairman of the Commonwealth Parliamentary Association, Member o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hunger Strike
A hunger strike is a method of non-violent resistance in which participants fast as an act of political protest, or to provoke a feeling of guilt in others, usually with the objective to achieve a specific goal, such as a policy change. Most hunger strikers will take liquids but not solid food. In cases where an entity (usually the state) has or is able to obtain custody of the hunger striker (such as a prisoner), the hunger strike is often terminated by the custodial entity through the use of force-feeding. Early history Fasting was used as a method of protesting injustice in pre-Christian Ireland, where it was known as ''Troscadh'' or ''Cealachan''. Detailed in the contemporary civic codes, it had specific rules by which it could be used. The fast was often carried out on the doorstep of the home of the offender. Scholars speculate that this was due to the high importance the culture placed on hospitality. Allowing a person to die at one's doorstep, for a wrong of which o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stephen Yong Kuet Tze
Tan Sri Datuk Amar Stephen Yong Kuet Tze (; Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ''Yòng Koet-sṳ̂''; born 1921–2001, Sarawak, Malaysia) was a former Cabinet Minister in Malaysia. He was the Secretary-General of the Sarawak United Peoples' Party (SUPP) from 1959 to 1982. Honour Honour of Malaysia * : Commander of the Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia The Most Esteemed Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia ( ms, Darjah Yang Mulia Setia Mahkota Malaysia) is a Malaysian federal award presented for meritorious service to the country and awarded by the sovereign. The order was instituted ... (P.S.M.) (1996) References Malaysian politicians of Chinese descent Malaysian people of Hakka descent Knights Commander of the Order of the Star of Hornbill Sarawak People from Dabu People from Sarawak Medallists of the Order of the Defender of the Realm Government ministers of Malaysia Members of the Dewan Rakyat Members of the Sarawak State Legislative Assembly Sarawak U ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mahathir Mohamad
Mahathir bin Mohamad ( ms, محاضير بن محمد, label= Jawi, script=arab, italic=unset; ; born 10 July 1925) is a Malaysian politician, author, and physician who served as the 4th and 7th Prime Minister of Malaysia. He held the office from July 1981 to October 2003 and later from May 2018 to March 2020 for a cumulative total of 24 years, making him the country's longest-serving prime minister. Before becoming premier, he served as Deputy Prime Minister and in other cabinet positions. He was a Member of Parliament for Langkawi from May 2018 to October 2022, Kubang Pasu from August 1974 to March 2004, and Kota Setar Selatan from April 1964 to May 1969. His political career has spanned more than 75 years, from joining protests opposing citizenship policies for non-Malays in the Malayan Union in the 1940s to forming the Gerakan Tanah Air coalition in 2022. Born and raised in Alor Setar, Kedah, Mahathir excelled at school and became a physician. He became active in the U ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ministry Of Science, Technology And Innovation (Malaysia)
The Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation ( ms, Kementerian Sains, Teknologi dan Innovatif), abbreviated MOSTI, is a ministry of the Government of Malaysia. In the Seventh Mahathir cabinet, the entire component of the Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MOSTI), Green Technology and Energy Components from the Ministry of Energy, Green Technology and Water (KeTTHA) and related components of Climate Change and Environment from the Ministry of Natural resources and Environment (NRE) has been restructured and formed the Ministry of Energy, Science, Technology, Environment & Climate Change (MESTECC). After the 2020 Malaysian political crisis, MESTECC has been restructured and its name has been changed to the Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MOSTI) following the formation of the Muhyiddin cabinet.In the Anwar Ibrahim cabinet, the ministry was renamed to Ministry of Science and Technology with the removal of the innovation portfolio from the name. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
