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1969 In Archaeology
{{Year nav topic4, 1969, archaeology, science The year 1969 in archaeology involved some significant events. Excavations * The Byzantine Fortress at Isthmia is excavated. * In Iran, Bard-e Bal, a necropolis, is excavated by the Belgian archaeological mission, along the banks of the Garāb river (continue to 1970). * In Cyprus, an unlooted tomb of the Cypro-Classic I period is excavated. * At the Extramural Sanctuary of Demeter and Persephone at Cyrene, site ЕЮ/(Area 1), 1, 3, as a dump of the imperial period, predating the 3rd century, is excavated. * Excavations at Habuba Kabira by the Deutsche Orient-Gesellschaft begin (continue to 1975). * Excavations at Ekalte by the DO-G. * Excavations at Salona, Yugoslavia, by an American team (continue to 1972). * Excavations at Birka, Sweden, begin under Björn Ambrosiani. * On the Isle of Wight, two barrows on Ashey Down are excavated. * With a British expedition at Cambodunum, in Bavaria ( Germany), an area to the nort ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Birka
Birka (''Birca'' in medieval sources), on the island of Björkö (lit. "Birch Island") in present-day Sweden, was an important Viking Age trading center which handled goods from Scandinavia as well as many parts of the European continent and the Orient. Björkö is located in Lake Mälaren, 30 kilometers west of contemporary Stockholm, in the municipality of Ekerö. Birka was founded around AD 750 and it flourished for more than 200 years. It was abandoned c. AD 975, around the same time Sigtuna was founded as a Christian town some 35 km to the northeast. It has been estimated that the population in Viking Age Birka was between 500 and 1000 people. The archaeological sites of Birka and Hovgården, on the neighbouring island of Adelsö, make up an archaeological complex which illustrates the elaborate trading networks of Viking Scandinavia and their influence on the subsequent history of Europe. Generally regarded as Sweden's oldest town, Birka (along with Hovgården) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1916 In Archaeology
Below are notable events in archaeology that occurred in 1916. Explorations * Excavations * Start of first excavations at Adelsö. * In Ireland, the burial mound at Grannagh, near Ardrahan in County Galway, is first excavated by R. A. Stewart Macalister (re-excavated in 1969 by Etienne Rynne). Publications * Grafton Elliot Smith - ''On the Significance of the Geographical Distribution of Mummification: a study of the migrations of peoples and the spread of certain customs and beliefs''. Finds * Uaxactun and the first known Maya inscription from the 8th Baktun of the Maya calendar are found by Sylvanus G. Morley. Births * January 1 - Paul Faure, French Mediterranean archaeologist (d. 2007) * June 14 - Joe Caldwell, American archaeologist (d. 1973) * August 23 - Sheppard Frere, British archaeologist of the Roman Empire (d. 2015) * August 27 - Halet Çambel, Turkish archaeologist (d. 2014) * September 15 - Vronwy Hankey, British Near Eastern archaeologist (d. 1998) * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ardrahan
Ardrahan () is a village in County Galway, Ireland. History Richard de Burgo conquered Galway in 1236, and granted the land to Maurice Fitzgerald who built the castle whose ruins still stand today. The churchyard wall contains the remains of a round tower, which suggests that a monastic community may have existed on the site before the castle was built. Places of interest The most noteworthy attraction in Ardrahan is Tulira Castle, once owned by playwright and independence activist Edward Martyn. Tulira Castle was for a long time owned by Galway County Council, but was bought in 2015 by CarTrawler owner Niall Turley for €5.8 million. The church at Labane, Ardrahan, which was the parish church of Joe Roche, has several stained glass windows by Alfred E. Child, Ethel Rhind and Michael Healy. The Ardrahan Grassland is a Special Area of Conservation located to the west of the village. Transport Ardrahan is on the R458. Ardrahan railway station opened on 15 September ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ireland
Ireland ( ; ga, Éire ; Ulster Scots dialect, Ulster-Scots: ) is an island in the Atlantic Ocean, North Atlantic Ocean, in Northwestern Europe, north-western Europe. It is separated from Great Britain to its east by the North Channel (Great Britain and Ireland), North Channel, the Irish Sea, and St George's Channel. Ireland is the List of islands of the British Isles, second-largest island of the British Isles, the List of European islands by area, third-largest in Europe, and the List of islands by area, twentieth-largest on Earth. Geopolitically, Ireland is divided between the Republic of Ireland (officially Names of the Irish state, named Ireland), which covers five-sixths of the island, and Northern Ireland, which is part of the United Kingdom. As of 2022, the Irish population analysis, population of the entire island is just over 7 million, with 5.1 million living in the Republic of Ireland and 1.9 million in Northern Ireland, ranking it the List of European islan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vicus (Rome)
In Ancient Rome, the Latin term (plural ) designated a village within a rural area () or the neighbourhood of a larger settlement. During the Republican era, the four of the city of Rome were subdivided into . In the 1st century BC, Augustus reorganized the city for administrative purposes into 14 regions, comprising 265 . Each had its own board of officials who oversaw local matters. These administrative divisions are recorded as still in effect at least until the mid-4th century. The word "" was also applied to the smallest administrative unit of a provincial town within the Roman Empire. It is also notably used today to refer to an ''ad hoc'' provincial civilian settlement that sprang up close to and because of a nearby military fort or state-owned mining operation. Local government in Rome Each ''vicus'' elected four local magistrates ('' vicomagistri'') who commanded a sort of local police force chosen from among the people of the ''vicus'' by lot. Occasionally the o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Germany
Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated between the Baltic and North seas to the north, and the Alps to the south; it covers an area of , with a population of almost 84 million within its 16 constituent states. Germany borders Denmark to the north, Poland and the Czech Republic to the east, Austria and Switzerland to the south, and France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands to the west. The nation's capital and most populous city is Berlin and its financial centre is Frankfurt; the largest urban area is the Ruhr. Various Germanic tribes have inhabited the northern parts of modern Germany since classical antiquity. A region named Germania was documented before AD 100. In 962, the Kingdom of Germany formed the bulk of the Holy Roman Empire. During the 16th ce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bavaria
Bavaria ( ; ), officially the Free State of Bavaria (german: Freistaat Bayern, link=no ), is a state in the south-east of Germany. With an area of , Bavaria is the largest German state by land area, comprising roughly a fifth of the total land area of Germany. With over 13 million inhabitants, it is second in population only to North Rhine-Westphalia, but due to its large size its population density is below the German average. Bavaria's main cities are Munich (its capital and largest city and also the third largest city in Germany), Nuremberg, and Augsburg. The history of Bavaria includes its earliest settlement by Iron Age Celtic tribes, followed by the conquests of the Roman Empire in the 1st century BC, when the territory was incorporated into the provinces of Raetia and Noricum. It became the Duchy of Bavaria (a stem duchy) in the 6th century AD following the collapse of the Western Roman Empire. It was later incorporated into the Holy Roman Empire, became an ind ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kempten
Kempten (, (Swabian German: )) is the largest Town#Germany, town of Allgäu, in Swabia (Bavaria), Swabia, Bavaria, Germany. The population was about 68,000 in 2016. The area was possibly settled originally by Celts, but was later taken over by the Ancient Rome, Romans, who called the town ''Cambodunum''. Kempten is the oldest urban settlement (town) in Germany. History Pre-Roman The Greek geographer Strabon, Strabo mentions in 50 BC a town of the Celtic Estiones named ''Kambodunon''. This is considered the oldest written reference of any German city. So far no archaeological evidence could be found that this Celtic settlement really existed. Roman era In 15 BC Roman troops led by Nero Claudius Drusus and his brother Tiberius conquered and destroyed an existing Celtic settlement. Later the settlement was named Cambodunum. In the following years the city was rebuilt on a classical Roman city plan with baths, forum and temples. Initially in wood, the city was later rebui ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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