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1626 In Science
The year 1626 in science and technology involved some significant events. Physiology and medicine * Posthumous publication of Adriaan van den Spiegel's ''De formato foetu'' in Venice with illustrations by Giulio Casserio and including the first observation of milk in female breasts at birth. Technology * Cornelius Vermuyden commissioned to drain Hatfield Chase on the Isle of Axholme in Lincolnshire, England. Births * February 18 or 19 – Francesco Redi, Italian physician, biologist and poet (died 1697) * March 1 – Jean-Baptiste de La Quintinie, French horticulturalist (died 1688) * April 7 – Ole Borch (), Danish chemist, physician, grammarian and poet (died 1690) * ''approx. date'' – Pietro Mengoli, Italian mathematician (died 1686) Deaths * February 11 – Pietro Cataldi, Italian mathematician (born 1548) * April 9 – Francis Bacon, English philosopher and a founder of modern scientific research (born 1561) * April 11 – Marin Getaldić or Ghetaldi, Ragusan politicia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Science
Science is a systematic endeavor that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions about the universe. Science may be as old as the human species, and some of the earliest archeological evidence for scientific reasoning is tens of thousands of years old. The earliest written records in the history of science come from Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia in around 3000 to 1200 BCE. Their contributions to mathematics, astronomy, and medicine entered and shaped Greek natural philosophy of classical antiquity, whereby formal attempts were made to provide explanations of events in the physical world based on natural causes. After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, knowledge of Greek conceptions of the world deteriorated in Western Europe during the early centuries (400 to 1000 CE) of the Middle Ages, but was preserved in the Muslim world during the Islamic Golden Age and later by the efforts of Byzantine Greek scholars who brought Greek ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1688 In Science
The year 1688 in science and technology included a number of events, some of which are listed here. Astronomy * The constellation ''Sceptrum Brandenburgicum'' is named by Gottfried Kirch. Exploration * A French people, French Jesuit scientific mission led by Jean de Fontaney arrives in China. Mathematics * Simon de la Loubère introduces the Siamese method for constructing any size of ''n''-odd magic square to Western Europe. Technology * Earliest known mention of the balalaika. Births * January 29 – Emanuel Swedenborg, Swedes, Swedish scientist and theologian (died 1772 in science, 1772) * April 4 – Joseph-Nicolas Delisle, French people, French astronomer (died 1768 in science, 1768) * August 14 – Johann Leonhard Rost, Germans, German astronomer (died 1727 in science, 1727) * September 26 – Willem 's Gravesande, Dutch people, Dutch polymath (died 1742 in science, 1742) * November 15 – Louis Bertrand Castel, French Jesuit mathematician and physicist (died 1757 in sci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1561 In Science
The year 1561 in science and technology included a number of events, some of which are listed here. Cartography and navigation * Bartolomeu Velho produces a '' Carta General do Orbe'' for Sebastian of Portugal. * Richard Eden translates Martín Cortés de Albacar's ''Arte de navigar'' as ''The Arte of Navigation'' which becomes the first manual of navigation in English. Medicine and physiology * Gabriele Falloppio publishes ''Observationes anatomicae'' in Venice, the only work of his printed during his lifetime. * Ambroise Paré publishes ''Anatomie universelle du corps humain'' and ''La méthode curative des playes et fractures de la test humaine'' in Paris. * Smallpox epidemic in Chile. Births * January 6 – Thomas Fincke, Danish mathematician (died 1656) * January 22 – Francis Bacon, English philosopher of science (died 1626) * March 29 – Sanctorius, Istrian physiologist (died 1636) * August 4 – John Harington, English inventor (died 1612) * August 24 – Bartholomaeu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
English People
The English people are an ethnic group and nation native to England, who speak the English language in England, English language, a West Germanic languages, West Germanic language, and share a common history and culture. The English identity is of History of Anglo-Saxon England, Anglo-Saxon origin, when they were known in Old English as the ('race or tribe of the Angles'). Their ethnonym is derived from the Angles, one of the Germanic peoples who migrated to Great Britain around the 5th century AD. The English largely descend from two main historical population groups the West Germanic tribes (the Angles, Saxons, Jutes and Frisians) who settled in southern Britain following the withdrawal of the Ancient Rome, Romans, and the Romano-British culture, partially Romanised Celtic Britons already living there.Martiniano, R., Caffell, A., Holst, M. et al. Genomic signals of migration and continuity in Britain before the Anglo-Saxons. Nat Commun 7, 10326 (2016). https://doi.org/10 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Francis Bacon
Francis Bacon, 1st Viscount St Alban (; 22 January 1561 – 9 April 1626), also known as Lord Verulam, was an English philosopher and statesman who served as Attorney General and Lord Chancellor of England. Bacon led the advancement of both natural philosophy and the scientific method and his works remained influential even in the late stages of the Scientific Revolution. Bacon has been called the father of empiricism. He argued for the possibility of scientific knowledge based only upon inductive reasoning and careful observation of events in nature. He believed that science could be achieved by the use of a sceptical and methodical approach whereby scientists aim to avoid misleading themselves. Although his most specific proposals about such a method, the Baconian method, did not have long-lasting influence, the general idea of the importance and possibility of a sceptical methodology makes Bacon one of the later founders of the scientific method. His portion of the method ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1548 In Science
The year 1548 in science and technology included a number of events, some of which are listed here. Events * February 14 – Battle of Uedahara: Firearms are used for the first time on the battlefield in Japan. * August 10 – Debate in Milan between mathematicians Lodovico Ferrari and Niccolò Fontana Tartaglia concerning the algebraic method for resolving third-degree equations. * John Dee starts to study at the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven. Publications * Georgius Agricola – ''De animantibus subterraneis'' * Valerius Cordus – (posthumous) * Rembert Dodoens – * Gemma Frisius – * William Turner – ''The names of herbes in Greke, Latin, Englishe Duche and Frenche wyth the commune names that Herbaries and Apotecaries use'' Births * April 15 – Pietro Cataldi, Italian mathematician (died 1626) * Giordano Bruno, Italian Dominican friar, philosopher, mathematician, poet, astrologer and astronomer (k. 1600) * Abul Qasim ibn Mohammed al-Ghassani, Moroccan physic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Italian People
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Pietro Cataldi
Pietro Antonio Cataldi (15 April 1548, Bologna – 11 February 1626, Bologna) was an Italian mathematician. A citizen of Bologna, he taught mathematics and astronomy and also worked on military problems. His work included the development of continued fractions and a method for their representation. He was one of many mathematicians who attempted to prove Euclid's fifth postulate. Cataldi discovered the sixth and seventh perfect numbers by 1588.Caldwell, Chris''The largest known prime by year'' His discovery of the 6th, that corresponding to p=17 in the formula Mp=2p-1, exploded a many-times repeated number-theoretical myth that the perfect numbers had units digits that invariably alternated between 6 and 8. (Until Cataldi, 19 authors going back to Nicomachus are reported to have made the claim, with a few more repeating this afterward, according to L.E.Dickson's ''History of the Theory of Numbers''). Cataldi's discovery of the 7th (for p=19) held the record for the largest known ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1686 In Science
The year 1686 in science and technology involved some significant events. Astronomy * Gottfried Kirch notices that Chi Cygni's brightness varies. Biology * John Ray begins publication of his ''Historia Plantarum'', including the first biological definition of the term ''species''; also his edition of Francis Willughby's ''Historia Piscum''. Geology * Edmund Halley establishes the relationship between barometric pressure and height above sea level. Meteorology * Edmund Halley presents a systematic study of the trade winds and monsoons and identifies solar heating as the cause of atmospheric motions. Physics * Isaac Newton uses a fixed length pendulum with weights of varying composition to test the weak equivalence principle to 1 part in 1000. Births * February 10 – Jan Frederik Gronovius, Dutch botanist (died 1762) * May 24 – Gabriel Fahrenheit, physicist and inventor (died 1736) * July 6 – Antoine de Jussieu, French naturalist (died 1758) * October (''possible date' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mathematician
A mathematician is someone who uses an extensive knowledge of mathematics in their work, typically to solve mathematical problems. Mathematicians are concerned with numbers, data, quantity, structure, space, models, and change. History One of the earliest known mathematicians were Thales of Miletus (c. 624–c.546 BC); he has been hailed as the first true mathematician and the first known individual to whom a mathematical discovery has been attributed. He is credited with the first use of deductive reasoning applied to geometry, by deriving four corollaries to Thales' Theorem. The number of known mathematicians grew when Pythagoras of Samos (c. 582–c. 507 BC) established the Pythagorean School, whose doctrine it was that mathematics ruled the universe and whose motto was "All is number". It was the Pythagoreans who coined the term "mathematics", and with whom the study of mathematics for its own sake begins. The first woman mathematician recorded by history was Hypati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pietro Mengoli
Pietro Mengoli (1626, Bologna – June 7, 1686, Bologna) was an Italian mathematician and clergyman from Bologna, where he studied with Bonaventura Cavalieri at the University of Bologna, and succeeded him in 1647. He remained as professor there for the next 39 years of his life. Contributions Mengoli first posed the famous Basel problem in 1650, solved in 1735 by Leonhard Euler. In 1650, he also proved that the sum of the alternating harmonic series is equal to the natural logarithm of 2. He also proved that the harmonic series has no upper bound, and provided a proof that Wallis' product for \pi is correct. Mengoli anticipated the modern idea of limit of a sequence with his study of quasi-proportions in ''Geometria speciose elementa'' (1659). He used the term ''quasi-infinite'' for unbounded and ''quasi-null'' for vanishing. :Mengoli proves theorems starting from clear hypotheses and explicitly stated properties, showing everything necessary ... proceeds to a step-by-step d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1690 In Science
Year 169 ( CLXIX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Senecio and Apollinaris (or, less frequently, year 922 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 169 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire * Marcomannic Wars: Germanic tribes invade the frontiers of the Roman Empire, specifically the provinces of Raetia and Moesia. * Northern African Moors invade what is now Spain. * Marcus Aurelius becomes sole Roman Emperor upon the death of Lucius Verus. * Marcus Aurelius forces his daughter Lucilla into marriage with Claudius Pompeianus. * Galen moves back to Rome for good. China * Confucian scholars who had denounced the court eunuchs are arrested, killed or banished from the capital of Luoyang and official life duri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
