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1598 In Scotland
Events from the year 1598 in the Kingdom of Scotland. Incumbents *Monarch – James VI Events * 5 August – Battle of Traigh Ghruinneart on Islay: the Clan Donald defeats the Clan Maclean, Sir Lachlan Mor Maclean being killed. * 28 December – Issue in Edinburgh by William Schaw, Master of Work to the Crown of Scotland and General Warden of the master stonemasons, of the First Schaw Statutes, "The Statutis and ordinananceis to be obseruit by all the maister maoissounis within this realme", significant in the development of freemasonry. *Gentleman Adventurers of Fife awarded forfeited lands on the Isle of Lewis to colonise. *Raids on Stornoway. *Publication of ** James VI's ''The Trew Law of Free Monarchies''. ** Robert Greene's play ''The Scottish History of James IV'' (posthumously). Births *Elizabeth Bourchier, later Elizabeth Cromwell, Lady Protectress of England, Scotland and Ireland (died 1665 in England) *John Campbell, 1st Earl of Loudoun, politician and Covenanter ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kingdom Of Scotland
The Kingdom of Scotland (; , ) was a sovereign state in northwest Europe traditionally said to have been founded in 843. Its territories expanded and shrank, but it came to occupy the northern third of the island of Great Britain, sharing a land border to the south with England. It suffered many invasions by the English, but under Robert the Bruce it fought a successful War of Independence and remained an independent state throughout the late Middle Ages. Following the annexation of the Hebrides and the Northern Isles from Norway in 1266 and 1472 respectively, and the final capture of the Royal Burgh of Berwick by England in 1482, the territory of the Kingdom of Scotland corresponded to that of modern-day Scotland, bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the southwest. In 1603, James VI of Scotland became King of England, joining Scotland with England in a personal union. In 1707, during the reign ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Campbell, 1st Earl Of Loudoun
John Campbell, 1st Earl of Loudoun (1598 – March 1662) was a Scottish politician and Covenanter. As a young man Campbell travelled abroad. In 1620 married the heiress of the barony of Loudoun; in his wife's right, took his seat in the Parliament of Scotland. In 1622 his patent for an earldom stopped by Charles I because of his strenuous opposition to episcopacy. In 1633 he took a leading part in organising the Covenant, 1637-1638. He was a leader of the armed insurrection in Scotland in 1639 and an envoy from Scotland to Charles I in 1640. He was imprisoned in the Tower of London but was freed and joined the Scottish army of invasion in August 1640. He was sent again as an envoy to London and was made Lord Chancellor of Scotland from 1641-1660. In 1641 he was also created Earl of Loudoun. During the years 1642–1647 he was frequently envoy to Charles I from the Parliament of Scotland. In 1650 he was present at the coronation of Charles II of Scotland and fought at Dunbar. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
David Ferguson (reformer)
David Fergusson or Ferguson (–23 April 1598) was a Scottish reformer and minister of the Church of Scotland. He twice served as Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland: 1573 and 1578. He is said to have been a native of Dundee, though this is not certain. The date of his birth is also conjectural. Spottiswood believed it to be about 1533, while Wodrow suggests ten, or even twenty years earlier, and David Laing thought it could not have been later than 1525. Ferguson was a glover to trade, and though he never attended a university he had a good knowledge of classical languages and had given much study to divinity. He was nominated to Dunfermline on 19 July 1560. He had Rosyth under his care in 1567, and in 1574 Carnock and Beath, Rosyth being excluded. He was a member of thirty-nine General Assemblies – from 25 June 1563 to 10May 1597, and in two of these, 6 March 1572 and 24 October 1578, he was Moderator. He had a place on all the important committees ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Outlaw
An outlaw, in its original and legal meaning, is a person declared as outside the protection of the law. In pre-modern societies, all legal protection was withdrawn from the criminal, so that anyone was legally empowered to persecute or kill them. Outlawry was thus one of the harshest penalties in the legal system. In early Germanic law, the death penalty is conspicuously absent, and outlawing is the most extreme punishment, presumably amounting to a death sentence in practice. The concept is known from Roman law, as the status of ''homo sacer'', and persisted throughout the Middle Ages. A secondary meaning of outlaw is a person who systematically avoids capture by evasion and violence to deter capture. These meanings are related and overlapping but not necessarily identical. A fugitive who is declared outside protection of law in one jurisdiction but who receives asylum and lives openly and obedient to local laws in another jurisdiction is an outlaw in the first meaning but not t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Makar
A makar () is a term from Scottish literature for a poet or bard, often thought of as a royal court poet. Since the 19th century, the term ''The Makars'' has been specifically used to refer to a number of poets of fifteenth and sixteenth century Scotland, in particular Robert Henryson, William Dunbar and Gavin Douglas, who wrote a diverse genre of works in Middle Scots in the period of the Northern Renaissance. The Makars have often been referred to by literary critics as ''Scots Chaucerians''. In modern usage, poets of the Scots revival in the 18th century, such as Allan Ramsay and Robert Fergusson are also makars. Since 2002, the term "makar" has been revived as the name for a publicly funded poet, first in Edinburgh, followed by the cities of Glasgow, Stirling and Dundee. In 2004 the position of Makar or National Poet for Scotland, was authorized by the Scottish Parliament. Etymology Middle Scots (plural ) is the equivalent of Middle English '' maker''. The word functi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Montgomerie
Alexander Montgomerie (Scottish Gaelic: Alasdair Mac Gumaraid) (c. 1550?–1598) was a Scottish Jacobean courtier and poet, or makar, born in Ayrshire. He was a Scottish Gaelic speaker and a Scots speaker from Ayrshire, an area which was still part of the Scottish Gàidhealtachd in his day. He was one of the principal members of the Castalian Band, a circle of poets in the court of James VI in the 1580s which included the king himself. Montgomerie was for a time in favour as one of the king's "favourites". He was a Catholic in a largely Protestant court and his involvement in political controversy led to his expulsion as an outlaw in the mid-1590s. Montgomerie's poetry, much of which examines themes of love, includes autobiographical sonnets and foreshadows the later metaphysical poets in England. He is sometimes, by tradition, given the epithet "Captain". Early life Montgomerie was a younger son of the Ayrshire laird Hugh Montgomerie of Hessilhead (d. 1558) and so ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saverne
Saverne (french: Saverne, ; Alsatian: ; german: Zabern ) is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in Grand Est in north-eastern France. It is situated on the Rhine-Marne canal at the foot of a pass over the Vosges Mountains, and 45 km (27 mi) northwest of Strasbourg. In 2018, the commune of Saverne had a population of 11,289, and its urban area, of 18,740. Geography Saverne lies on the river Zorn, at the foot of the Vosges Mountains. It is crossed by the Marne–Rhine Canal and the Paris–Strasbourg railway. The A4 autoroute (Paris–Strasbourg) passes a few km north of the town. Saverne station has rail connections to Paris, Strasbourg, Metz, Nancy and several regional destinations. History Saverne ( la, Tres Tabernae Cesaris: Caesar's three taverns, so called because in the older days there were three taverns on the way to the Lorraine plateau where they would change oxen due to the steep incline) was an important place in the time of the Roman Empire, and, aft ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Hepburn (soldier)
Sir John Hepburn (c. 1598 – 8 July 1636) was a Scottish soldier who fought in wars in continental Europe achieving the rank and status of Maréchal de France. John Hepburn was the 2nd son of George Hepburn of Athelstaneford, near the town of Haddington and his wife Helen Hepburn, daughter of Adam Hepburn of Smeaton. He probably studied at St Andrews in 1615, and then travelled to France with his friend, Robert Monro visiting Paris and Poitiers. Hepburn was one of the many thousands of Scots who served in the Thirty Years' War. In 1620 Sir Andrew Gray began to levy forces for the support of Queen Elizabeth of Bohemia, and he established his camp on Hepburn family property at Monkrig. John joined Gray's forces, leaving Scotland in May 1620, and thereafter commanded a company of pikes who served as the personal guard to the exiled King of Bohemia. After the defeat at White Mountain Gray's forces united with Count Ernst Mansfeldt's troops, and by 1622 Hepburn held the rank o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1600 In Scotland
Events from the year 1600 in the Kingdom of Scotland Incumbents *Monarch – James VI Events * 1 January – today is adopted as New Year's Day following the partial adoption of the Gregorian Calendar in Scotland * 20 March – Construction of Cullen House in Moray begins. * 5 August – the Gowrie House affair, a plot to kidnap James VI in Perth, in which Robert Logan of Restalrig is implicated, devised by John Ruthven, 3rd Earl of Gowrie (who dies in the attempt, together with his brother Alexander Ruthven) * 19 November – the future King Charles I of England and Scotland, son of James VI, is born in Dunfermline Palace * Scalloway Castle is built on Mainland, Shetland, by Patrick Stewart, 2nd Earl of Orkney Births * 19 November – Charles I, king of England and Scotland (executed 1649 in England) * November – John Ogilby, cartographer (died 1676 in England) * Approximate date ** David Leslie, Lord Newark, soldier (died 1682) ** Samuel Rutherford, theologian (died ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Margaret Stuart (1598–1600)
Margaret Stuart (24 December 1598 March 1600) was the second daughter of King James VI of Scotland and Anne of Denmark. Sometime in March 1600, Margaret died of an unknown illness and she was buried in Holyrood Abbey. Three years later, her father ascended the throne of England. Life Margaret was born at 3 o'clock in the morning of Christmas Eve 1598, the second daughter of King James VI of Scotland, future James I of England, and Anne of Denmark. She was born at Dalkeith Castle, where the Master of Work, William Schaw, had set carpenters to work to furnish a nursery, with a cradle, a bed, a chair for the nurse, and four stools for the ladies who rocked the cradle. The queen's confinement at Dalkeith commenced on 21 September 1598. The Countess of Huntly attended the delivery. Margaret Stewart, Mistress of Ochiltree, senior lady in waiting, was in charge of Margaret's care. Margaret's baptism was postponed until 15 April 1599, as the winter, part of the "Little Ice Age", ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gian Lorenzo Bernini
Gian Lorenzo (or Gianlorenzo) Bernini (, , ; Italian Giovanni Lorenzo; 7 December 159828 November 1680) was an Italian sculptor and architect. While a major figure in the world of architecture, he was more prominently the leading sculptor of his age, credited with creating the Baroque style of sculpture. As one scholar has commented, "What Shakespeare is to drama, Bernini may be to sculpture: the first pan-European sculptor whose name is instantaneously identifiable with a particular manner and vision, and whose influence was inordinately powerful ..." In addition, he was a painter (mostly small canvases in oil) and a man of the theater: he wrote, directed and acted in plays (mostly Carnival satires), for which he designed stage sets and theatrical machinery. He produced designs as well for a wide variety of decorative art objects including lamps, tables, mirrors, and even coaches. As an architect and city planner, he designed secular buildings, churches, chapels, and publi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1660 In Scotland
Events from the 1660s in the Kingdom of Scotland. Incumbents * Monarch – Charles II (since May 29, 1660) Events * 1660: ** 1 January – Colonel George Monck with his regiment crosses from Scotland to England at the village of Coldstream and advances towards London in support of the English Restoration. ** 29 May – Charles II is crowned King of England, Scotland and Ireland. ** 21 December – ''Mercurius Caledonius'' established in Edinburgh, the first example of a newspaper in Scotland, running until 1661. * 1661: ** April – Great Scottish Witch Hunt of 1661–62 begins. * 1663: ** 28 September – The murder of Alexander MacDonald, 12th of Keppoch and his brother Ranald by their cousins, known as the Keppoch murders. * 1664: ** Methven Castle built. * 1666: ** 28 November – Battle of Rullion Green, part of the Pentland Rising, a failed uprising by the Covenanters. * 1667: ** 1 May – A Dutch flotilla under Admiral van Ghent enters the Firth of Forth as part of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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