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125th Mixed Brigade
The 125th Mixed Brigade was a unit of the Spanish Republican Army, integrated into the 28th Division (Spain), 28th Division, that participated in the Spanish Civil War. History The 125th Mixed Brigade was created on April 28, 1937 on the basis of the Ascaso Column. The resulting unit would be integrated into the 28th Division (Spain), 28th Division, also newly created, with Miguel García Vivancos as head of the unit. Vicancos was later succeeded by Antonio Aguilá Collantes and the latter, shortly after, by Juan Mayordomo Moreno. During the rest of the year the 125th MB was present at the Huesca front, contributing to the siege of the provincial capital and without taking part in other actions. In February 1938, while in the Monzón area, it was sent to the Battle of Teruel, Teruel front to aid the republican forces stationed there. After its arrival, on February 12 it attacked the National faction (Spanish Civil War), nationalist positions in La Torana, without success. Betwee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
April 1937
The following events occurred in April 1937: April 1, 1937 (Thursday) *The Condor Legion carried out the Bombing of Jaén, killing 159 people. *The Government of India Act 1935 came into effect. *Born: Mohammad Hamid Ansari, diplomat and Vice President of India, in Kolkata, Calcutta, British Raj, British India April 2, 1937 (Friday) *Pennsylvania chocolate workers' strike, 1937, Pennsylvania chocolate workers' strike: A sitdown strike began at the The Hershey Company, Hershey Chocolate Corporation. *Died: Jānis Buivids, 72, Latvian general April 3, 1937 (Saturday) *Manchukuo, Manchukuan Prince Pujie and Hiro Saga were married in a simple Shinto ceremony in Tokyo. April 4, 1937 (Sunday) *Byron Nelson won the 1937 Masters Tournament, fourth Masters Tournament. *Died: Charles Henry Smyth, Jr., 71, American geologist April 5, 1937 (Monday) *The first postage stamps bearing the face of Adolf Hitler went on sale in Germany to commemorate the Führer's 48th birthday. *The French li ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Teruel
The Battle of Teruel was fought in and around the city of Teruel during the Spanish Civil War between December 1937 and February 1938, during the worst Spanish winter in 20 years.Hugh Purcell, p. 95. The battle was one of the bloodiest actions of the war, with the city changing hands several times by first falling to the Republicans and eventually being retaken by the Nationalists. In the course of the fighting, Teruel was subjected to heavy artillery and aerial bombardment. In the two-month battle, both factions together took 110,000 casualties. With his superiority in men and material, Nationalist leader Francisco Franco regained Teruel. This battle became the military turning point of the war. Background The Republic's decision to move against Teruel was motivated by several strategic priorities. Republican military leaders thought that Teruel was not strongly held and sought to regain the initiative by its capture. By 1937, the Teruel salient was similar to the fingernail o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Puebla De Alcocer
Puebla de Alcocer is a municipality located in the Badajoz (province), province of Badajoz, Extremadura, Spain. It is located in the comarca of La Siberia. According to the 2005 census (Instituto Nacional de Estadística (Spain), INE), the municipality has a population of 1269 inhabitants. Puebla de Alcocer is the birthplace of one of the tallest persons alive in his time, Agustin Luengo (El Gigante Extremeño), who was born in 1826. Luengo was about 7'8" tall, or 235cm. Puebla de Alcocer is located about 2 miles away from the La Serena reservoir, Spain's largest. References Municipalities in the Province of Badajoz {{Badajoz-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
83rd Mixed Brigade
The 83rd Mixed Brigade was a unit of the Spanish Republican Army created during the Spanish Civil War from the militarization of the Iron Column. It came to operate on the Teruel, Levante and Central fronts. History Front of Teruel The unit was created in March 1937, on the Teruel front, from the militarization of the Iron Column. The 83rd MB was integrated into the 41st Division, along with other recently militarized forces. Joaquín García-Morato Ruiz was appointed as head of the brigade. It went on to publish its own newspaper, the "''Columna de Hierro''", printed in Vinaroz. In July the 83rd MB was sent to the Albarracín sector as reinforcement against the nationalist counteroffensive that followed the Battle of Albarracín. After its arrival in the area, it came to replace the Republican 42nd Division, which was left very broken after the nationalist attacks. At the beginning of August, the brigade was placed in the 64th Division of the 19th Army Corps. During th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Estremadura Front
The Extremadura campaign was a campaign in Extremadura, Spain during the Spanish Civil War. It culminated in the Battle of Badajoz (1936), Battle of Badajoz in August 1936, from which the troops of the Army of Africa under the command of Francisco Franco moved quickly to begin the march to Madrid, Spain, Madrid. Background After the victory of the Popular Front (Spain), Popular Front in February 1936, the new government promised to start the land reform, but the agricultural unemployment was very high and the peasants started to illegally occupy large states. On 25 March 1936, 60,000 landless peasants in Badajoz (province), Badajoz led by the socialist's land union, the ''Federación Nacional de Trabajadores de la Tierra'' or ''FNTT'', took over 3,000 farms and started to plough. The government decided to legalise the land occupations. By June 1936, 190,000 landless peasants had been settled in the southern Spain. Many landowners left for the cities. In August 1936 the Nationalis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chelva
Chelva is a municipality in the ''comarca'' of Los Serranos in the Valencian Community, Spain. Its name in Valencian is ''Xelva'', but the local language is Spanish and not Valencian. Geography Chelva has an area of about 192 km2. The town is located in the middle of the mountains, and about 52% of its area is covered by typical Mediterranean woodlands. Two rivers flow through the municipality: one with the same name of the village (Chelva), and the other the Turia River, which flows to the Mediterranean via Valencia. The rivers do not meet in Chelva, but rather in adjacent Domeño. The municipality is also home to several notable summits: the ''Cerro de la Nevera'' (), ''La Atalaya'' (), and the ''Pico del Remedio'' (). There are also several natural springs; the most well known are: Berra, Gitana, Gorgol, Sabina, and Cortina. Chelva has a semiarid Mediterranean climate, with some rain in autumn and spring. In winter, it is cold, and in parts of the mountains snow is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jérica
Jérica ( ca-valencia, Xèrica) is a town in the Castellón province of Valencian Community, Spain. It is in the comarca (region) of Alto Palancia. Its population was 1,703 at the end of 2009. The town's name is based in Arabic شارقة (''šāriqa''), meaning the eastern slope of a mountain. In Arabian documents the settlement has also been referred to as قلعة الاشراق (''qalʿa aš-širāq''), "Castle of the Sheriffs". Geography Jérica lies on the natural pathway between Aragón and the Comunidad Valenciana in the southern part of the provincia de Castellón. The municipality has an area of 78.30 km². It is crossed by the river Palancia, and an area in the south is part of the Calderona mountain range. However, no part of the municipality is in the Sierra Calderona National Park. The town centre is located at a height of 523 m, on a rocky promontory along the Palancia river channel. The precipice is very difficult to access and therefore, the popu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Viver
Viver is a town in the Castellón province of Valencian Community, Spain. It is in the comarca (region) of Alto Palancia. Geography The municipality has an area of . It is crossed by the river Palancia, and an area in the south is part of the Calderona mountain range. However, no part of the municipality is in the Sierra Calderona National Park. The town centre is located at a height of , on a rocky promontory along the San Roque Mountain. The population has settled in the opposite direction, staggered along the slope of the hill. Districts and pedanías In the municipality of Viver, there are four population centres: * Viver * Masías de Ragudo * Masías de Parrela * Masías del Cristo * Masías del Rio Bordering localities Surrounding Viver are: Teresa, Torás, Barracas, Pina de Montalgrao, Benafer, Jérica, all localities in the province of Castellón. History There is evidence of human settlements during the paleolithic period in the cave of ''El Sargal''. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
XYZ Line
The XYZ Line, or Matallana Line, was a system of fortifications built during the Spanish Civil War in order to defend the capital of the Second Spanish Republic in Valencia, Spain. Unlike the Maginot Line, or the Iron Belt (''"Cinturón de Hierro"'') of Bilbao, which were expensive systems of fortifications and bunkers made of reinforced concrete, the XYZ Line was a simpler system of defenses in depth consisting of trenches and bunkers that took advantage of some of the most difficult terrain in Spain in the Iberian System ranges to the north and northeast of Valencia. The defenses were built to withstand bombardment by either heavy artillery or 1,000-pound aerial bombs. Background Following the success of the Aragon Offensive resulting in the Nationalist armies reaching the Mediterranean Sea, the Republic was split in two; the Spanish Republican Army was in disarray and the road to Barcelona was open for conquest by the Nationalists. Even General Vicente Rojo Lluch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
July 24
Events Pre-1600 * 1132 – Battle of Nocera between Ranulf II of Alife and Roger II of Sicily. * 1148 – Louis VII of France lays siege to Damascus during the Second Crusade. * 1304 – Wars of Scottish Independence: Fall of Stirling Castle: King Edward I of England takes the stronghold using the War Wolf. *1411 – Battle of Harlaw, one of the bloodiest battles in Scotland, takes place. * 1412 – Behnam Hadloyo becomes Syriac Orthodox Patriarch of Mardin. * 1487 – Citizens of Leeuwarden, Netherlands, strike against a ban on foreign beer. * 1534 – French explorer Jacques Cartier plants a cross on the Gaspé Peninsula and takes possession of the territory in the name of Francis I of France. * 1567 – Mary, Queen of Scots, is forced to abdicate and be replaced by her one-year-old son James VI. 1601–1900 * 1701 – Antoine de la Mothe Cadillac founds the trading post at Fort Pontchartrain, which later becomes the city of Detroit. * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Levante Offensive
The Levante Offensive, launched near the end of March 1938, was an attempt by Nationalist forces under Francisco Franco to capture the Republican held city of Valencia during the Spanish Civil War. The Nationalists occupied the province of Castellón, but the offensive failed due to bad weather and the dogged resistance of the Republican troops at the XYZ defensive line. Background Following the success of the Aragon Offensive resulting in the Nationalist armies reaching the Mediterranean Sea, the Republic was split in two; the Spanish Republican Army was in disarray and the road to Barcelona was open for conquest by the Nationalists. Even General Vicente Rojo said that Barcelona could have been taken with "less force and in less time" than in January 1939. The Nationalist generals and Francisco Franco's German and Italian allies expected a swift attack against Barcelona. Nevertheless, Franco decided to turn south against the capital of the Spanish Republic at Valencia,Beevor, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aragon Offensive
The Aragon Offensive was an important military campaign during the Spanish Civil War, which began after the Battle of Teruel. The offensive, which ran from March 7, 1938, to April 19, 1938, smashed the Republican forces, overran Aragon, and conquered parts of Catalonia and the Levante. Introduction The Battle of Teruel exhausted the material resources of the Republican Army, and wore out the veteran Republican troops. A slowdown of supplies from the Soviet Union exacerbated the difficulties of the Republican government, whose armament industry in Catalonia was already beleaguered. At the same time, however, Francisco Franco had concentrated the bulk of the Nationalist forces in the east and was preparing to drive through Aragon and into Catalonia and the Levante. The Nationalists were able to concentrate 100,000 men between Zaragoza and Teruel with the best troops in the lead. Even though the Nationalist army was numerically inferior to the Republican forces, the Nationali ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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