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1080s In Architecture
__TOC__ Buildings and structures Buildings * 1080 ** Rebuilding of Basilica of St. Sernin, Toulouse begun. ** Construction of Cluny Abbey III in France, begun. * 1081 ** Surviving Chora Church in Constantinople completed (begun in 1077). ** Aljafería Palace in Zaragoza, Spain completed (begun in 1065). ** Old Mainz Cathedral destroyed by a fire, marking the beginning of the construction of the building which survives to the modern day. * 1082 – Great Mosque of Tlemcen built in the Almoravid Empire. * 1083 – Surviving Ely Cathedral in England begun. * 1086 – Shwezigon Pagoda in Nyaung-U completed. * before 1087 – Construction of the Church of Christ Pantepoptes in Constantinople begun. * 1087 ** White Tower (Tower of London) in England finished (begun in 1078). ** Basilica di San Nicola in Bari, Apulia, begun. * 1088 ** Rebuilding of Cluny Abbey in France begun. ** Eynsford Castle in England built. * 1089 – Romanesque stage of St Albans Cathedral in En ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1070s In Architecture
__TOC__ Buildings and structures Buildings * 1070 – Nidaros Cathedral in Trondheim, Norway, begun. * 1070 – Rebuilding of Canterbury Cathedral in England following a fire. * 1070 – Rebuilding of York Minster in England begins. * 1070 – Construction of Dudley Castle in England by Ansculf de Picquigny begins. * 1070 – Construction of Richmond Castle in Yorkshire, England begins. * 1072 – Construction of Lincoln Cathedral in England begins. * 1075 – Würzburg Cathedral reconstruction completed (begun in 1045). * 1075 – Santiago de Compostela Cathedral in Galicia (Spain) begun. Tympanum dated 1078. * 1077 – Abbey of Saint-Étienne, Caen, Normandy consecrated. * 1077 – Current Bayeux Cathedral, Normandy consecrated. * 1077 – Construction of St Albans Cathedral begins in England. * 1077 – Panchkuta Basadi, originally known as ''Urdhvitilaka'' (glory of the world), one of the Humcha Jain temples The Humcha Jain temples or Humcha basadis are a gr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Wales to its west and Scotland to its north. The Irish Sea lies northwest and the Celtic Sea to the southwest. It is separated from continental Europe by the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south. The country covers five-eighths of the island of Great Britain, which lies in the North Atlantic, and includes over 100 smaller islands, such as the Isles of Scilly and the Isle of Wight. The area now called England was first inhabited by modern humans during the Upper Paleolithic period, but takes its name from the Angles, a Germanic tribe deriving its name from the Anglia peninsula, who settled during the 5th and 6th centuries. England became a unified state in the 10th century and has had a significant cultural and legal impact on the wider world since the Age of Discovery, which began during the 15th century. The English language, the Anglican Church, and Engli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gothic Architecture
Gothic architecture (or pointed architecture) is an architectural style that was prevalent in Europe from the late 12th to the 16th century, during the High and Late Middle Ages, surviving into the 17th and 18th centuries in some areas. It evolved from Romanesque architecture and was succeeded by Renaissance architecture. It originated in the Île-de-France and Picardy regions of northern France. The style at the time was sometimes known as ''opus Francigenum'' (lit. French work); the term ''Gothic'' was first applied contemptuously during the later Renaissance, by those ambitious to revive the architecture of classical antiquity. The defining design element of Gothic architecture is the pointed or ogival arch. The use of the pointed arch in turn led to the development of the pointed rib vault and flying buttresses, combined with elaborate tracery and stained glass windows. At the Abbey of Saint-Denis, near Paris, the choir was reconstructed between 1140 and 1144, draw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1150s In Architecture
__TOC__ Buildings and structures Buildings * c. 1150 ** Roof lantern of Florence Baptistery constructed. ** Romanesque church of Saint-Nectaire, Puy-de-Dôme, France built. ** Fantoft Stave Church built at Fortun in Norway. ** St Mary's parish church, Cholsey, England, substantially constructed.Pevsner Architectural Guides. * c. 1150–1160 ** Church of St. Stephen at Marmoutier Abbey, Alsace, constructed. ** Bisaldeo temple in Vigrahapura, Sapadalaksha, constructed. * 1151 ** Anping Bridge in China completed. ** Restoration of St. George's Basilica, Prague, with twin towers, completed following siege damage in 1142. ** Zamora Cathedral in Spain begun. * 1152 – Great St. Martin Church, Cologne begun. * 1153 – Pisa Baptistry in Italy begun by Diotisalvi. * 1155 – Basilica of San Michele Maggiore, Pavia, Italy completed. It is one of the best surviving examples of Lombard Romanesque architecture. * 1156 – In France: ** Senlis Cathedral begun. ** Reconstruction of Ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abbot Suger
Suger (; la, Sugerius; 1081 – 13 January 1151) was a French abbot, statesman, and historian. He once lived at the court of Pope Calixtus II in Maguelonne, France. He later became abbot of St-Denis, and became a close confidant to King Louis VII, even becoming his regent when the king left for the Second Crusade. Together with the king, he played a part in the centralization in the growing French Kingdom. He authored writings on abbey construction and was one of the earliest patrons of Gothic architecture and is seen as widely credited with popularizing the style. Life Suger's family origins are unknown. Several times in his writings he suggests that his was a humble background, though this may just be a topos or convention of autobiographical writing. In 1091, at the age of ten, Suger was given as an oblate to the abbey of St. Denis, where he began his education. He trained at the priory of Saint-Denis de l'Estrée, and there first met the future king Louis VI of Franc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
St Albans Cathedral
St Albans Cathedral, officially the Cathedral and Abbey Church of St Alban but often referred to locally as "the Abbey", is a Church of England cathedral in St Albans, England. Much of its architecture dates from Normans, Norman times. It ceased to be an abbey following its Dissolution of the monasteries, dissolution in the 16th century and became a cathedral in 1877. Although legally a cathedral church, it differs in certain particulars from most other cathedrals in England, being also used as a parish church, of which the Dean (Christianity), dean is Rector (ecclesiastical), rector with the same powers, responsibilities and duties as that of any other Ecclesiastical parish, parish. At 85 metres long, it has the longest nave of any cathedral in England. Probably founded in the 8th century, the present building is Norman or Romanesque architecture of the 11th century, with Gothic and 19th-century additions. Britain's first Christian martyr According to Bede, whose account of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romanesque Architecture
Romanesque architecture is an architectural style of medieval Europe characterized by semi-circular arches. There is no consensus for the beginning date of the Romanesque style, with proposals ranging from the 6th to the 11th century, this later date being the most commonly held. In the 12th century it developed into the Gothic style, marked by pointed arches. Examples of Romanesque architecture can be found across the continent, making it the first pan-European architectural style since Imperial Roman architecture. The Romanesque style in England and Sicily is traditionally referred to as Norman architecture. Combining features of ancient Roman and Byzantine buildings and other local traditions, Romanesque architecture is known by its massive quality, thick walls, round arches, sturdy pillars, barrel vaults, large towers and decorative arcading. Each building has clearly defined forms, frequently of very regular, symmetrical plan; the overall appearance is one of simplic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eynsford Castle
Eynsford Castle is a ruined medieval fortification in Eynsford, Kent. Built on the site of an earlier Anglo-Saxon stone '' burh'', the castle was constructed by William de Enysford, probably between 1085 and 1087, to protect the lands of Lanfranc, the Archbishop of Canterbury, from Odo, the Bishop of Bayeux. It comprised an inner and an outer bailey, the former protected by a stone curtain wall. In 1130 the defences were improved, and a large stone hall built in the inner bailey. The de Enysford family held the castle until their male line died out in 1261, when it was divided equally between the Heringaud and de Criol families. A royal judge, William Inge, purchased half of the castle in 1307, and arguments ensued between him and his co-owner, Nicholas de Criol, who ransacked Eynsford in 1312. The castle was never reoccupied and fell into ruins, and in the 18th century it was used to hold hunting kennels and stables. The ruins began to be restored after 1897, work intensify ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bari
Bari ( , ; nap, label= Barese, Bare ; lat, Barium) is the capital city of the Metropolitan City of Bari and of the Apulia region, on the Adriatic Sea, southern Italy. It is the second most important economic centre of mainland Southern Italy after Naples. It is a port and university city, as well as the city of Saint Nicholas. The city itself has a population of 315,284 inhabitants, over , while the urban area has 750,000 inhabitants. The metropolitan area has 1.3 million inhabitants. Bari is made up of four different urban sections. To the north is the closely built old town on the peninsula between two modern harbours, with the Basilica of Saint Nicholas, the Cathedral of San Sabino (1035–1171) and the Hohenstaufen Castle built for Frederick II, which is now also a major nightlife district. To the south is the Murat quarter (erected by Joachim Murat), the modern heart of the city, which is laid out on a rectangular grid-plan with a promenade on the sea and the majo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basilica Di San Nicola
The Pontifical Basilica of Saint Nicholas (Basilica of Saint Nicholas) is a Church (building), church in Bari, Southern Italy that holds wide religious significance throughout Europe and the Christian world. The basilica is an important pilgrimage destination both for Roman Catholics and Eastern Orthodox, Orthodox Christians. History The basilica was built between 1087 and 1197, during the Italo-Normans, Italo-Norman domination of Apulia, the area previously occupied by the Byzantine Catapanate of Italy, Catapan of which Bari was the seat. Its foundation is related to the recovery of some of the relics of Saint Nicholas from the saint's original shrine in Myra, in what is now Turkey. When Myra passed into the hands of the Saracens, some saw it as an opportunity to move the saint's relics to a safer location. According to the justifying legend, the saint, passing by the city on his way to Rome, had chosen Bari as his burial place. There was great competition for the relics betw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
White Tower (Tower Of London)
The White Tower is a central tower, the old keep, at the Tower of London. It was built by William the Conqueror during the early 1080s, and subsequently extended. The White Tower was the castle's strongest point militarily, provided accommodation for the king and his representatives, and housed a chapel. Henry III ordered the tower whitewashed in 1240. Today the Tower of London is a museum and visitor attraction. The White Tower now houses the Royal Armouries collections. History The castle which later became known as the Tower of London was begun by William the Conqueror in 1066 and was built as a timber fortification enclosed by a palisade. In the next decade work began on the White Tower, the great stone keep that still dominates the castle today. The precise date of the White Tower's foundation is unknown, and it is also uncertain how long the construction took. It is traditionally held that construction began in 1078. This is because the ''Textus Roffensis'' records that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eski Imaret Mosque
The Eski Imaret Mosque ( tr, Eski Imaret Camii) is a former Byzantine church converted into a mosque by the Ottomans. The church has traditionally been identified as belonging to the Monastery of Christ Pantepoptes ( el, Μονή του Χριστού Παντεπόπτη), meaning "Christ the all-seeing". It is the only documented 11th-century church in Istanbul which survives intact, and represents a key monument of middle Byzantine architecture. Despite that, it remains among the least studied buildings in the city. Location The building lies in Istanbul, in the district of Fatih, in the neighbourhood of Zeyrek, one of the poorest areas inside the old walled city. It is less than one kilometre northwest of the even more impressive Zeyrek Mosque. Identification It was the Patriarch Constantius I (1830–1834) who identified the Eski Imaret Mosque as the old Pantepoptes church. Although this identification has been generally accepted, Cyril Mango argued that its location di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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