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‘Ulayya Bint Al-Mahdī
Ulayya bint al-Mahdi (, 777–825) was an Abbasid princess, noted for her legacy as a poet and musician. Biography ‘Ulayya was one of the daughters of the third Abbasid Caliph al-Mahdi ( r. 775–85), who reigned from 775 to his death in 785, and was noted for promoting poetry and music in his realm. Her mother was a singer (qiyan) and slave concubine of the Abbasid harem called Maknūna (herself the '' jāriya'' of one al-Marwānīya). Maknunah was a songstress. She was owned by Al-Marwaniyyah. Al-Mahdi, while yet a prince, bought her for 100,000 silver dirhams. She found such favor with the prince that Al-Khayzuran (Al-Mahdi's wife) used to say, "No other woman of his made my position so difficult." It appears that, with her father dying early in her life, ‘Ulayya was brought up by her half-brother Harun al-Rashid (r. 786–809). ‘Ulayya was a princess, and, like her half-brother Ibrahim ibn al-Mahdi (779–839), a noted musician, and poet. It has been claimed that she ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Musa Ibn Isa Ibn Musa Al-Hashimi
Mūsā ibn ʿĪsā ibn Mūsā al-Hāshimī () was an 8th-century AD Abbasid prince. The son of Isa ibn Musa, he was posted to various governorships throughout his career, including Kufa, Egypt, Damascus, Mecca, Medina, and Arminiya, and was a leading commander at the Battle of Fakhkh. Career Background and succession dispute Musa was born (according to one account, in ) to Isa ibn Musa, a member of the Banu al-Abbas who served as a long-running governor of Kufa during the first years of the Abbasid Caliphate. An extended relation of the Abbasid dynasty, Musa was a great-nephew of its first two caliphs al-Saffah () and al-Mansur (); he was also connected to the ruling line by his marriage to Ulayya, daughter of the third caliph al-Mahdi. Under the succession arrangements made by al-Saffah in 754, Musa's father Isa was originally the designated second heir-apparent to the caliphate after al-Saffah's brother al-Mansur; in 764/5, however, Isa was pressured by al-Mansur into yiel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jawaris
Jarya or jariya (; ), also jawari (), was a term often used for female slaves in the medieval Islamic world. In a courtly context, they could be " slaves for pleasure" (muṭʿa, ladhdha) or “slaves for sexual intercourse” (jawārī al-waṭ), who had received special training in artistic skills. In contrast to the Qiyan, however, they normally did not perform for men other than the man in whose harem they were placed. History The slave category of the jarya—similar to the qiyan—rose to fame during the Abbasid Caliphate era, possibly because free Arab women became more and more secluded from society during this time period. They were acquired by purchase or captured as war booty. The term were applied to such enslaved women who, by instruction or self-education, acquired a great knowledge of artistic skills and intellectual knowledge by which they could entertain a man, rather than by sexuality and physical beauty. They could study issues from music and poetry to rel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Women Poets From The Abbasid Caliphate
A woman is an adult female human. Before adulthood, a female child or adolescent is referred to as a girl. Typically, women are of the female sex and inherit a pair of X chromosomes, one from each parent, and women with functional uteruses are capable of pregnancy and giving birth from puberty until menopause. More generally, sex differentiation of the female fetus is governed by the lack of a present, or functioning, ''SRY'' gene on either one of the respective sex chromosomes. Female anatomy is distinguished from male anatomy by the female reproductive system, which includes the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, and vulva. An adult woman generally has a wider pelvis, broader hips, and larger breasts than an adult man. These characteristics facilitate childbirth and breastfeeding. Women typically have less facial and other body hair, have a higher body fat composition, and are on average shorter and less muscular than men. Throughout human history, traditional ge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
825 Deaths
__NOTOC__ Year 825 ( DCCCXXV) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar. Events By place India * A group of Persio-Assyrian adherents of the Church of the East, under the leadership of two Persian bishops Prod (or Proth, also known as Aphroth) and Sappor (also known as Sabrisho), reach Kerala, India and reside in Quilon. * August - This year, on the first day of Chingam month, Kerala’s Kollam Era ( Malayalam Era/Calendar, also known as Kollavarsham) commenced. Europe * Emperor Louis the Pious begins a military campaign against the Wends and Sorbs. Duke Tunglo surrenders his son as hostage, and submits to Frankish rule (approximate date). * Grímur Kamban becomes the first man to set foot in the Faroe Islands, and settles down in Funningur, on the northwest coast of Eysturoy (beginning the Norwegian Viking era on the islands). * Murcia is founded by the emir of Cordoba Abd ar-Rahman II. Britain * Battle of Ellandun: King Egbert of Wessex ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
777 Births
__NOTOC__ Year 777 ( DCCLXXVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar, the 777th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 777th year of the 1st millennium, the 77th year of the 8th century, and the 8th year of the 770s decade. The denomination 777 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Europe * Saxon Wars: King Charlemagne spends Easter in Nijmegen, and leads a large Frankish army to Paderborn, where a general assembly of Carolingian and Saxon leaders had been summoned. Saxon lands are integrated into the Frankish Kingdom, and divided into missionary parishes. Duke Widukind and his followers flee to King Sigfred of Denmark, seeking refuge and support. * Abbasid–Carolingian alliance: Charlemagne receives a request for support from pro-Abbasid rulers in the eastern '' thughur'', or militar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
James Heyworth-Dunne
James Heyworth-Dunne (1904–1974) was a British orientalist. He studied Arabic literature under Sir H. A. R. Gibb in London in 1932, and became senior reader in Arabic at SOAS, University of London from 1928-1948. Under Gibb's direction he published the edited Arabic texts from the ''Kitāb al-Awrāķ'' of Abū Bakr Muḥammad b. Yaḥyā aṣ-Ṣūlī; ''Kitāb al-Awrāķ : ism akhbar ash-shuʻarasection on contemporary poets'' (1934): ''Akhbār al-Rāḍī wal-Muttaķī'' (1935): ''Ash'ār Awlād al-Khulafā’ wa Akhbārum'' (1936) He associated with Ignatius Krachkovsky, who had written on aṣ-Ṣūlī. He later moved to the Middle East Institute in Washington, D.C. and then lived in Egypt, where he improved Egyptian vernacular. He was multilingual in Arabic, Turkish, Persian and Urdu, collecting, editing and publishing many books about the Islamic world. Papers, 1860-1949 The Heyworth-Dunne papers at the Michigan Islamic Manuscripts Collection in Ann Arbor, in addi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Baqara
Al-Baqarah (, ; "The Heifer" or "The Cow"), also spelled as Al-Baqara, is the second and longest chapter (''surah'') of the Quran. It consists of 286 verses ('' āyāt'') which begin with the "'' muqatta'at''" letters ''alif'' ()'', lām'' ()'','' and '' mīm'' (). The Verse of Loan, the longest single verse, and the Throne Verse, the greatest verse, are in this chapter. The sūrah encompasses a variety of topics and contains several commands for Muslims such as enjoining fasting on the believer during the month of Ramadan; forbidding interest or usury (''riba''); and several other famous verses such as the final two verses, which came from the treasure under the Throne and the verse of no compulsion in religion. The sūrah addresses a wide variety of topics, including substantial amounts of law, and retells stories of Adam, Ibrahim (Abraham) and Mūsa (Moses). A major theme is guidance: urging the pagans ( Al-Mushrikeen) and the Jews of Medina to embrace Islam, and w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Mansur
Abū Jaʿfar ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muḥammad al-Manṣūr (; ; 714 – 6 October 775) usually known simply as by his laqab al-Manṣūr () was the second Abbasid caliph, reigning from 754 to 775 succeeding his brother al-Saffah (). He is known for founding the 'Round City' of Madinat al-Salam, which was to become the core of imperial Baghdad. Modern historians regard al-Mansur as the real founder of the Abbasid Caliphate, one of the largest polities in world history, for his role in stabilizing and institutionalizing the dynasty.''The Cambridge History of Islam, volume 1: The Formation of the Islamic World'', ed. Chase F Robinson, March 2011 Background and early life According to al-Suyuti's ''History of the Caliphs'', al-Mansur lived 95 AH – 158 AH (714 CE – 6 October 775 CE). Al-Mansur was born at the home of the Abbasid family in Humeima (modern-day Jordan) after their emigration from the Hejaz in 714 (95 AH). His mother was Sallamah, a slave woman. Al-Mansur was a brot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
As-Saffah
Abu al-ʿAbbās Abd Allāh ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-ʿAbbās (; 721/722 – 8 June 754), known by his ''laqab'' al-Saffah (), was the first caliph of the Abbasid Caliphate, one of the longest and most important caliphates in Islamic history. His ''al-Saffāḥ'' means "the Blood-Shedder". It may refer to his ruthless tactics, or perhaps it was used to intimidate his enemies, It was during his inaugural homage as Caliph, delivered in the Great Mosque of Kufa, that he called himself "''al-Saffah''" ("the Blood-Shedder"), and this title has deservedly stuck to him due to his massacring and hunting down Umayyads in cold blood. as it was common in history to adopt such names, an example for this is "Al Abbas" which means a "Lion that scares away other animals". Family origins and earlier history As-Saffāḥ, born in Humeima (modern-day Jordan), was head of one branch of the Banu Hāshim from Arabia, a subclan of the Quraysh tribe who traced its l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mansur Ibn Al-Mahdi
Mansur ibn al-Mahdi () was an Abbasid prince, son of Abbasid caliph al-Mahdi, brother of caliph al-Hadi and Harun al-Rashid. Mansur was governor of Syria during his nephew caliph al-Amin's reign. Life Mansur was the son of al-Mahdi and his mother was al-Bahtariyah, the noble-born daughter of the Persian rebel, Masmughan of Damavand, against whom Mahdi was first sent to Khurasan. Her mother was Bakand, the daughter of Isbahbadh, Farrukhan the Little. She had a sister named Smyr. She bore al-Mahdi a son named for his grandfather, Mansur, and two daughters, Sulaimah and Aliyah. His father, nominated his two elder sons; Musa al-Hadi and Harun al-Rashid as heirs. Mansur maintains good relations with all his siblings. Mansur was appointed as governor of Syria in 809. He remained in office until al-Amin reappointed Sulayman to govern Syria around 809–810 in response to unrest in Damascus emanating from the theft of a prized crystal pitcher from the Umayyad Mosque The Umayyad Mo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ubaydallah Ibn Al-Mahdi
Ubaydallah ibn Muhammad al-Mahdi () (771–810/11) was an Abbasid prince. He was the son of al-Mahdi, the third caliph of the Abbasid Caliphate, and Raytah, daughter of the first Abbasid caliph Abu al-Abbas al-Saffah. Life In 761, the future caliph al-Mahdi married Raytah as his first wife after his return from Khurasan. She was the daughter of al-Saffah and his wife Umm Salamah, a Makhzumite. Raytah gave birth to two sons, Ubaydallah and Ali. During the reign of his half-brother Harun al-Rashid (), Ubaydallah was appointed as governor of Arminiyah and the northwestern provinces in 788/9, succeeding Yazid ibn Mazyad al-Shaybani. He was later appointed to two brief stints as governor of Egypt, in 795 and 796. In 810 or 811 Ubaydallah died in Baghdad. His nephew al-Amin led the prayers at his funeral.; . Siblings Ubaydallah was contemporary and related to several Abbasid The Abbasid Caliphate or Abbasid Empire (; ) was the third caliphate to succeed the prophets and mess ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abbasa Bint Al-Mahdi
Abbasa bint al-Mahdi (; 765 – after 804) was a famous Abbasid princess. She was the daughter of Abbasid caliph al-Mahdi, sister of caliph Musa al-Hadi and Harun al-Rashid. Life Abbasa was the daughter of the third Abbasid caliph, al-Mahdi, and a concubine of the Abbasid harem by the name of Rahim, thus she was the mother of his oldest surviving girl child, Abbasa. She was the half-sister of al-Hadi, Harun al-Rashid, Ulayya, and Ibrahim ibn al-Mahdi. She was born during her grandfather reign, her father became caliph in 775. When Abbasa was a young her father arranged her marriage to a cadet member of Abbasid House. Her husband was Muhammad ibn Sulayman, a prominent member of a cadet branch of the Abbasid dynasty, who was a long-time governor of Kufa and Basra. however her husband died in mid-November 789 and Abbasa became a widow. She married again another Abbasid member during the reign of her brother Harun al-Rashid. Her second marriage was with Ibrahim ibn Salih, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
