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Švihov (Klatovy District)
Švihov (german: Schwihau) is a town in Klatovy District in the Plzeň Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 1,600 inhabitants. Administrative parts Villages of Bezděkov, Jíno, Kaliště, Kamýk, Kokšín, Lhovice, Stropčice, Těšnice, Třebýcinka and Vosí are administrative parts of Švihov. Etymology Švihov got its name from its location in the valley where "the winds swished" (in Czech ''švihaly větry''). Geography Švihov is located about north of Klatovy and south of Plzeň. It lies in the heart of the Švihov Highlands. The highest point is the hill Tuhošť at above sea level. The town is situated on the left bank of the Úhlava River. History The first written mention of Švihov is from 1245, however, a manor house probably existed here already in 1194. In the first half of the 14th century, Vilém of Švihov had a fortress built here and intended that Švihov would become the centre of a large estate. In 1367, Švihov was referred to as a town for the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Obec
Obec (plural: ''obce'') is the Czech language, Czech and Slovak language, Slovak word for a municipality (in the Czech Republic, in Slovakia and abroad). The literal meaning of the word is "Intentional community, commune" or "community". It is the smallest administrative unit that is governed by elected representatives. Cities and towns are also municipalities. Definition Legal definition (according to the Czech code of law with similar definition in the Slovak code of law) is: ''"The municipality is a basic territorial self-governing community of citizens; it forms a territorial unit, which is defined by the boundary of the municipality."'' Every municipality is composed of one or more cadastre, cadastral areas. Every municipality is composed of one or more administrative parts, usually called town parts or villages. A municipality can have its own flag and coat of arms. Czech Republic Almost whole area of the republic is divided into municipalities, with the only exception be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hussites
The Hussites ( cs, Husité or ''Kališníci''; "Chalice People") were a Czech proto-Protestant Christian movement that followed the teachings of reformer Jan Hus, who became the best known representative of the Bohemian Reformation. The Hussite movement began in the Kingdom of Bohemia and quickly spread throughout the remaining Lands of the Bohemian Crown, including Moravia and Silesia. It also made inroads into the northern parts of the Kingdom of Hungary (now Slovakia), but was rejected and gained infamy for the plundering behaviour of the Hussite soldiers.Spiesz ''et al.'' 2006, p. 52.Kirschbaum 2005, p. 48. There were also very small temporary communities in Poland-Lithuania and Transylvania which moved to Bohemia after being confronted with religious intolerance. It was a regional movement that failed to expand anywhere farther. Hussites emerged as a majority Utraquist movement with a significant Taborite faction, and smaller regional ones that included Adamites, Orebites ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
František Maxmilián Kaňka
František Maxmilián Kaňka (9 August 1674 in Prague – 14 July 1766 in Prague) was a Czech architect and builder. He was known for modifying castles, palaces and churches. In 1724 he was appointed emperor's architect. Work He is most famous for reconstructions of palaces and castles of Bohemian noblemen and for designs of churches and other religious buildings, principally in Baroque style. His work includes: * reconstruction of Vrtba palace and Vrtba Garden, Prague * reconstruction of the Krásný Dvůr Castle, c. 1720 * with Anselmo Lurago, the Astronomical Tower and other structures at the Clementinum, Prague, c. 1720 * reconstruction of facade of the St. Procopius Basilica in Třebíč (a UNESCO World Heritage Site) * the chateau Konopiště outside of the town of Benešov, last residence of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and now a museum * Church of St. John of Nepomuk, Kutná Hora * Veltrusy Mansion residence of count Václav Antonín Chotek of Chotkov and V ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Benedikt Rejt
Benedikt Rejt (often spelled Benedikt Ried; c. 1450 – between 1531 and 1536) was a leading medieval architect in Bohemia, today's Czech Republic. He built Vladislav Hall (1497–1500) in Prague Castle, St. Barbara's Church, Kutná Hora, (c. 1482) and other buildings in a late Gothic and early Renaissance style. Historical context Bohemia became the cultural center of Central Europe when Charles IV brought the Holy Roman Emperor's court to Prague in the 14th century. The Royal Court Workshop under the guidance of Peter Parler was one of the highlights of Gothic architecture in the Holy Roman Empire. The Hussite Wars then stopped all plans for cultural development in the region for many decades. When Bohemia was again open to Europe after 1480, during the reign of Vladislaus II, good architects were in great demand. The king as well as Bohemian noblemen (the House of Rosenberg being among the richest) searched the surrounding workshops, especially in Danubian countries, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Švihov Castle
The Švihov Castle (german: ''Burg Schwihau'') is a water castle, which was built in the Gothic period. It is located in the town Švihov in the Plzeň Region of the Czech Republic. History Švihov castle was built by the House of Rýzmberk ze Skály (noble family). It was besieged by the Hussites during Hussite wars, the garrison surrendered after their water moats were siphoned. It was rebuilt between 1480 and 1489 by the order of the castle's owner, Puta Schwihau von Riesenberg, in the Late Gothic style. His sons continued in rebuilding the castle after he died and invited a famous architect Benedikt Reid. In 1598 Kavkové z Říčan (noble family) took the control of the castle, but were forced to sell it to Czernins of Chudenitz 50 years later in 1598, due to their poor management. Then the Thirty Years' War came and the castle was unsuccessfully besieged by the Swedish army. Benedikt Reid invented the castle's moat system with massive bastions (horseshoe shaped gr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Železná Ruda
Železná Ruda (, german: Markt Eisenstein) is a town in Klatovy District in the Plzeň Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 1,600 inhabitants. It is located in the Bohemian Forest, close to the border with Bavaria and the German town Bayerisch Eisenstein. It is one of the important sports and tourism centres of the Bohemian Forest. Administrative parts Villages of Alžbětín, Debrník, Hojsova Stráž, Pancíř and Špičák are administrative parts of Železná Ruda. Etymology The town's name literally means "iron ore". It refers to rich deposits of iron ore that were found and mined here. The German name of the town comes from the Middle Ages, when it was a market town. Geography Železná Ruda lies in a wild mountainous terrain. The town is surrounded with thick coniferous woods. The highest peak in the municipal territory is Jezerní hora with an elevation of . Černé jezero , the largest natural lake in the country and Čertovo jezero, the third largest lake, are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prague
Prague ( ; cs, Praha ; german: Prag, ; la, Praga) is the capital and largest city in the Czech Republic, and the historical capital of Bohemia. On the Vltava river, Prague is home to about 1.3 million people. The city has a temperate oceanic climate, with relatively warm summers and chilly winters. Prague is a political, cultural, and economic hub of central Europe, with a rich history and Romanesque, Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque architectures. It was the capital of the Kingdom of Bohemia and residence of several Holy Roman Emperors, most notably Charles IV (r. 1346–1378). It was an important city to the Habsburg monarchy and Austro-Hungarian Empire. The city played major roles in the Bohemian and the Protestant Reformations, the Thirty Years' War and in 20th-century history as the capital of Czechoslovakia between the World Wars and the post-war Communist era. Prague is home to a number of well-known cultural attractions, many of which survived the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Route E53
European route E53 forms part of the International E-road network. It begins in Plzeň, Czech Republic, and ends in Munich, Germany. Its route is: Plzeň – Deggendorf – Landshut – Munich Munich ( ; german: München ; bar, Minga ) is the capital and most populous city of the German state of Bavaria. With a population of 1,558,395 inhabitants as of 31 July 2020, it is the third-largest city in Germany, after Berlin and Ha .... External links UN Economic Commission for Europe: Overall Map of E-road Network (2007)* {{Europe-road-stub 53 E053 053 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor
Ferdinand III (Ferdinand Ernest; 13 July 1608, in Graz – 2 April 1657, in Vienna) was from 1621 Archduke of Austria, King of Hungary from 1625, King of Croatia and Bohemia from 1627 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1637 until his death in 1657. Ferdinand ascended the throne at the beginning of the last decade of the Thirty Years' War and introduced lenient policies to depart from old ideas of divine rights under his father, as he had wished to end the war quickly. As the numerous battles had not resulted in sufficient military containment of the Protestant enemies, and confronted with decaying Imperial power, Ferdinand was compelled to abandon the political stances of his Habsburg predecessors in many respects in order to open the long road towards the much delayed peace treaty. Although his authority among the princes was weakened after the war, in Bohemia, Hungary and the Austria, however, Ferdinand's position as sovereign was uncontested. Ferdinand was the first Habsburg mona ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Swedish Empire
The Swedish Empire was a European great power that exercised territorial control over much of the Baltic region during the 17th and early 18th centuries ( sv, Stormaktstiden, "the Era of Great Power"). The beginning of the empire is usually taken as the reign of Gustavus Adolphus, who ascended the throne in 1611, and its end as the loss of territories in 1721 following the Great Northern War. After the death of Gustavus Adolphus in 1632, the empire was controlled for lengthy periods by part of the high nobility, such as the Oxenstierna family, acting as regents for minor monarchs. The interests of the high nobility contrasted with the uniformity policy (i.e., upholding the traditional equality in status of the Swedish estates favoured by the kings and peasantry). In territories acquired during the periods of ''de facto'' noble rule, serfdom was not abolished, and there was also a trend to set up respective estates in Sweden proper. The Great Reduction of 1680 put an end to th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thirty Years' War
The Thirty Years' War was one of the longest and most destructive conflicts in European history The history of Europe is traditionally divided into four time periods: prehistoric Europe (prior to about 800 BC), classical antiquity (800 BC to AD 500), the Middle Ages (AD 500 to AD 1500), and the modern era (since AD 1500). The first early ..., lasting from 1618 to 1648. Fought primarily in Central Europe, an estimated 4.5 to 8 million soldiers and civilians died as a result of battle, famine, and disease, while some areas of what is now modern Germany experienced population declines of over 50%. Related conflicts include the Eighty Years' War, the War of the Mantuan Succession, the Franco-Spanish War (1635–1659), Franco-Spanish War, and the Portuguese Restoration War. Until the 20th century, historians generally viewed it as a continuation of the religious struggle initiated by the 16th-century Reformation within the Holy Roman Empire. The 1555 Peace of Augsburg atte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Czernin Family
The House of Czernin ( cs, Černínové z Chudenic; german: Czernin von und zu Chudenitz) is a Czech noble family that was one of the oldest and most prominent noble families in the Kingdom of Bohemia. The family is a descendent family of the Habsburg family. History The family is descended from the clan of "Drslavici", like several other Bohemian families. The first known bearer of the family name was ''Comes'' and ''Camerarius regis'' (1199–1212) Cernin de Chudenic (11?? - 12??). The name of the family refers to the town of Chudenice (German: ''Chudenitz'') in western Bohemia, which was in their possession from the 13th century until 1945. On 18 May 1607, the Czernin family was elevated to the '' Reichsfreiherrenstand'' with the title of ''Freiherr von Chudenitz'' (Baron of Chudenitz; ''svobodný pán z Chudenic'') and, on 15 March 1623, to the ''Reichsgrafenstand'' with the title of ''Reichsgraf von Chudenitz'' (Count of Chudenitz; ''hrabě z Chudenic''). In 1716, Fran ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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