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Śāstra-tattva-vinirṇaya
''Śāstra-tattva-vinirṇaya'', also transliterated as ''Shastra-tattva-vinirnaya'' ("A Verdict on the Truth of the Shastra"), is a Sanskrit-language text written by Nilakantha Gore (or Goreh, later Neremiah Goreh) during 1844–1845 in Benares, British India. It is a Hindu apologist response to the Christian writer John Muir's ''Mataparīkṣā''. Authorship Nilakantha Gore, a Marathi-speaking Chitpavan Brahmin wrote the text at Benares during 1844-1845, at the age of 19. Around four years later, he later converted to Christianity, and was baptized with the name Nehemiah. Contents The text comprises 784 ''anuṣṭubh'' verses in 6 chapters: # Repudiation of the Opponent's Way of Examining the Authoritativeness of Religion (''Parokta-mata-prāmāṇya-parīkṣā-prakāra-nirākaraṇaṃ''), 28 verses # Investigation of Faults in the Opponent's Religion (''Para-mata-dūṣaṇa-nirūpaṇaṃ''), 71 verses # Beneficial Instruction (''Hitopadeśa''), 71 verses # Invest ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nilakantha Gore
Nehemiah Goreh (1825-1895), born Nilakantha Gore, was a Hindu convert to Christianity in British India. As a Hindu apologist, he wrote the Sanskrit-language text ''Śāstra-tattva-vinirṇaya'' and a Hindi-language synopsis of it, defending Hinduism against Christian missionaries. Later, he converted to Christianity, and wrote texts critical of Hinduism, including '' Shad-darshana Darpana''. Early life Nilakantha Gore (or Goreh) was born in a Marathi-speaking Chitpavan Brahmin family in 1825, in the Kashipura village of Deccan region. His ancestors were hereditary counselors to the ruler of Bundelkhand. His uncle served as an advisor to the Maratha vassal ''Nawab'' Ali Bahadur of Banda. The family later retired from public service, and settled in the Maratha enclave in the Assi Ghat area of Benares (Varanasi). At Benares, the family maintained ''Anna-purna-chattar'', a charitable institution for pilgrims. Goreh's family did not let him attend the Benares Sanskrit College ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mataparīkṣā
''Mata-parīkṣā'' is a Sanskrit-language text by the Christian author John Muir. It criticizes Hinduism, and portrays Christianity as the true faith. It was written in British India in 1839, and revised twice. As suggested by the title ''Mata-parīkṣā'' (Sanskrit for "An Examination of Religions"), Muir portrayed himself as an impartial judge of religions. William Hodge Mill criticized the text for discussing the Christian philosophy in isolation instead of encouraging the readers to get baptized and join the Church. Contents The book is written in form of a dialogue between a student and a teacher. The following is a synopsis of 1839 edition: # Description of God's Attributes (''Īśvara-guṇa-varṇana'') #: The student notes that various religions contradict each other, and therefore, not all of them can be true. The teacher explains that an intelligent person must analyze religions, accept the true one, and reject all others. He then describes the various attribute ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British India
The provinces of India, earlier presidencies of British India and still earlier, presidency towns, were the administrative divisions of British governance on the Indian subcontinent. Collectively, they have been called British India. In one form or another, they existed between 1612 and 1947, conventionally divided into three historical periods: *Between 1612 and 1757 the East India Company set up Factory (trading post), factories (trading posts) in several locations, mostly in coastal India, with the consent of the Mughal emperors, Maratha Empire or local rulers. Its rivals were the merchant trading companies of Portugal, Denmark, the Netherlands, and France. By the mid-18th century, three ''presidency towns'': Madras, Bombay and Calcutta, had grown in size. *During the period of Company rule in India (1757–1858), the company gradually acquired sovereignty over large parts of India, now called "presidencies". However, it also increasingly came under British government over ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eternal Hell
In religion and folklore, hell is a location in the afterlife in which evil souls are subjected to punitive suffering, most often through torture, as eternal punishment after death. Religions with a linear divine history often depict hells as eternal destinations, the biggest examples of which are Christianity and Islam, whereas religions with reincarnation usually depict a hell as an intermediary period between incarnations, as is the case in the dharmic religions. Religions typically locate hell in another dimension or under Earth's surface. Other afterlife destinations include heaven, paradise, purgatory, limbo, and the underworld. Other religions, which do not conceive of the afterlife as a place of punishment or reward, merely describe an abode of the dead, the grave, a neutral place that is located under the surface of Earth (for example, see Kur, Hades, and Sheol). Such places are sometimes equated with the English word ''hell'', though a more correc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
