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Üstra
üstra Hannoversche Verkehrsbetriebe AG is the operator of public transport in the city of Hanover, Germany. The company is a member of the Großraum-Verkehr Hannover (GVH) transport association. From 2003 to 2006, it had outsourcing, outsourced its operations, but officially resumed as a service provider on January 1, 2007. History Üstra was originally the abbreviation for ''Überlandwerke und Straßenbahnen Hannover AG''. The company also provided electricity to private customers as well as operating bus and tram services - not only in the city of Hannover but also to the outlying villages and small towns. This field was spun off in 1929 (becoming the ''HASTRA''). In 1960, the company changed its name to ''Hannoversche Verkehrsbetriebe (ÜSTRA) AG'', then to ''ÜSTRA Hannoversche Verkehrsbetriebe AG'' in 1980, changing the word üstra to lowercase in 1996. The rural tram lines which were mostly singletrack brought coal (from Barsinghausen), milk and farm produce to the ci ...
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Aktiengesellschaft
(; abbreviated AG ) is a German language, German word for a corporation limited by Share (finance), share ownership (i.e., one which is owned by its shareholders) whose shares may be traded on a stock market. The term is used in Germany, Austria, Switzerland (where it is equivalent to a ''S.A. (corporation), société anonyme'' or a ''società per azioni'') and South Tyrol for companies incorporated there. In the United Kingdom, the equivalent term is public limited company, and in the United States, while the terms "Incorporation (business), incorporated" or "corporation" are typically used, technically the more precise equivalent term is "joint-stock company". Meaning of the word The German word ''Aktiengesellschaft'' is a compound noun made up of two elements: ''Aktien'' meaning an acting part or shares, share, and ''Gesellschaft'', meaning company or society. English translations include ''share company'', or ''company limited by shares'', or joint-stock company. In German, ...
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Hanover
Hanover ( ; ; ) is the capital and largest city of the States of Germany, German state of Lower Saxony. Its population of 535,932 (2021) makes it the List of cities in Germany by population, 13th-largest city in Germany as well as the fourth-largest in northern Germany after Berlin, Hamburg and Bremen. Hanover's urban area comprises the towns of Garbsen, Langenhagen and Laatzen and has a population of about 791,000 (2018). The Hanover Region has approximately 1.16 million inhabitants (2019) and is the largest in the Hannover–Braunschweig–Göttingen–Wolfsburg Metropolitan Region, Hanover–Braunschweig–Göttingen–Wolfsburg Metropolitan Region, the List of EU metropolitan areas by GDP, 17th biggest metropolitan area by GDP in the European Union. Before it became the capital of Lower Saxony in 1946, Hanover was the capital of the Principality of Calenberg (1636–1692), the Electorate of Hanover (1692–1814), the Kingdom of Hanover (1814–1866), the Province of Hannove ...
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Germany
Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It lies between the Baltic Sea and the North Sea to the north and the Alps to the south. Its sixteen States of Germany, constituent states have a total population of over 84 million in an area of , making it the most populous member state of the European Union. It borders Denmark to the north, Poland and the Czech Republic to the east, Austria and Switzerland to the south, and France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands to the west. The Capital of Germany, nation's capital and List of cities in Germany by population, most populous city is Berlin and its main financial centre is Frankfurt; the largest urban area is the Ruhr. Settlement in the territory of modern Germany began in the Lower Paleolithic, with various tribes inhabiting it from the Neolithic onward, chiefly the Celts. Various Germanic peoples, Germanic tribes have inhabited the northern parts of modern Germany since classical ...
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Public Transport
Public transport (also known as public transit, mass transit, or simply transit) are forms of transport available to the general public. It typically uses a fixed schedule, route and charges a fixed fare. There is no rigid definition of which kinds of transport are included, and air travel is often not thought of when discussing public transport—dictionaries use wording like "buses, trains, etc." Examples of public transport include Public transport bus service, city buses, trolleybuses, trams (or light rail) and Passenger rail transport, passenger trains, rapid transit (metro/subway/underground, etc.) and ferry, ferries. Public transport between cities is dominated by airlines, intercity bus service, coaches, and intercity rail. High-speed rail networks are being developed in many parts of the world. Most public transport systems run along fixed routes with set embarkation/disembarkation points to a prearranged timetable, with the most frequent services running to a headwa ...
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Transport
Transport (in British English) or transportation (in American English) is the intentional Motion, movement of humans, animals, and cargo, goods from one location to another. Mode of transport, Modes of transport include aviation, air, land transport, land (rail transport, rail and road transport, road), ship transport, water, cable transport, cable, pipeline transport, pipelines, and space transport, space. The field can be divided into infrastructure, vehicles, and operations. Transport enables human trade, which is essential for the development of civilizations. Transport infrastructure consists of both fixed installations, including roads, railways, airway (aviation), airways, waterways, canals, and pipeline transport, pipelines, and terminals such as airports, train station, railway stations, bus stations, warehouses, trucking terminals, refueling depots (including fuel docks and fuel stations), and seaports. Terminals may be used both for the interchange of passengers and ...
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Mercedes Irvine Citaro Sst
Mercedes may refer to: People * Mercedes (name), a Spanish feminine name, including a list of people and fictional characters with the given name or last name Automobile-related * Mercedes (marque), the pre-1920 brand name of German automobile models and engines that are built by Daimler Motors company * Mercedes-Benz, the post-1920 German brand of automobiles, engines, and trucks now owned by the Mercedes-Benz Group * Mercedes-AMG, a subsidiary of Daimler AG that builds customized and high performance Mercedes-branded automobiles * Mercedes-Benz in Formula One, the Mercedes Formula One racing team, currently known as Mercedes-AMG Petronas Motorsport * Mercedes-Benz in motorsport, its activities in sportscar racing, rallying, Formula Three, DTM, V8 Supercars Australia and Formula One * American Mercedes (1904 automobile), a company licensed to build Mercedes automobiles in America Places * Mercedes, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina ** Mercedes Partido, Argentina * Mercedes, Co ...
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Großraum-Verkehr Hannover
Großraum-Verkehr Hannover (GVH; English: Greater Hanover Transport) is a transport association in Germany, operating in the Region Hannover metropolitan area in the state of Lower Saxony. It is the second oldest transport association in Germany, only surpassed by the Hamburger Verkehrsverbund. The GVH tariff is valid on busses, the Hanover Stadtbahn, the Hanover S-Bahn and other rail services. The main operators of bus services in the GVH are üstra and RegioBus. History GVH was founded on March 4, 1970. The year before, people took to the streets to protest against an announced fare increase. A separate ticket was needed for each mean of transport, fare systems vary between companies and the schedules of the different operators were not coordinated. This resulted in the "Red Dot Campaign", which then resulted the spark to form the Greater Hanover Transport Association. This newly established association had six members: Verband Großraum Hannover, ÜSTRA, Bundesbahn, Bund ...
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Outsourcing
Outsourcing is a business practice in which companies use external providers to carry out business processes that would otherwise be handled internally. Outsourcing sometimes involves transferring employees and assets from one firm to another. The term ''outsourcing'', which came from the phrase ''outside resourcing'', originated no later than 1981 at a time when industrial jobs in the United States were being moved overseas, contributing to the economic and cultural collapse of small, industrial towns. In some contexts, the term smartsourcing is also used. The concept, which ''The Economist'' says has "made its presence felt since the time of the Second World War", often involves the contracting out of a business process (e.g., payroll processing, claims processing), operational, and/or non-core functions, such as manufacturing, facility management, call center/call center support. The practice of handing over control of public services to private enterprises ( privatiz ...
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Tram
A tram (also known as a streetcar or trolley in Canada and the United States) is an urban rail transit in which Rolling stock, vehicles, whether individual railcars or multiple-unit trains, run on tramway tracks on urban public streets; some include segments on segregated Right-of-way (property access), right-of-way. The tramlines or tram networks operated as public transport are called tramways or simply trams/streetcars. Because of their close similarities, trams are commonly included in the wider term ''light rail'', which also includes systems separated from other traffic. Tram vehicles are usually lighter and shorter than Main line (railway), main line and rapid transit trains. Most trams use electrical power, usually fed by a Pantograph (transport), pantograph sliding on an overhead line; older systems may use a trolley pole or a bow collector. In some cases, a contact shoe on a third rail is used. If necessary, they may have dual power systems—electricity in city stre ...
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Hanover Stadtbahn
Hanover Stadtbahn is a light urban rail transport (Stadtbahn, ) system in the city of Hanover, the capital of Lower Saxony, Germany. It opened on 29 September 1975, gradually replacing the city's tramway () network over the course of the subsequent 25 years. , the Hanover Stadtbahn system has 12 main lines (lines 1–11 and 17), one weekend express night line (line 10E), and two supplemental lines (lines 16 and 18), serving 201 stations (including 19 underground and 124 high-platform stations), operating on of route. The system is run by üstra, which was originally an abbreviation for . In 2007 Hanover Stadtbahn transported 125 million passengers per year. Three types of light rail cars operate on the system: the TW 6000, built from 1974 to 1993, the TW 2000 (the so-called , ), built from 1997 to 1999, and the TW 3000, which was first introduced into A line service in 2015. The system is used extensively, especially during trade shows on the Hanover fairground like CeBIT an ...
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Intalliance AG
intalliance AG was a German corporation based in Hanover which operated the Hanover S-Bahn and Hanover Stadtbahn. It ceased to exist on January 1, 2007. After splitting up the Hanover S-Bahn is now operated again by DB Regio and the Hanover Stadtbahn by üstra Hannoversche Verkehrsbetriebe AG. The corporation was owned by üstra Hannoversche Verkehrsbetriebe AG and DB Stadtverkehr with 40% each. The remaining 20% were held by NORD/LB. The üstra and DB Regio, who held the licences issued by the state of Lower Saxony to provide traffic services, had outsourced these services to intalliance. 1900 üstra employees and 285 DB Regio employees were transferred over to intalliance. The intalliance AG owned 318 Stadtbahn vehicles, 138 buses and 46 S-Bahn trainsets. See also *Hanover Stadtbahn *Hanover S-Bahn The Hanover S-Bahn (in German: ''S-Bahn Hannover'') is an S-Bahn network operated by Transdev Hannover in the area of Hanover in the German state capital of Lower Saxony. It ...
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Holding Company
A holding company is a company whose primary business is holding a controlling interest in the Security (finance), securities of other companies. A holding company usually does not produce goods or services itself. Its purpose is to own Share capital, stock of other companies to create a corporate group. In some jurisdictions around the world, holding companies are called parent companies, which, besides holding Share capital, stock in other companies, can conduct trade and other business activities themselves. Holding companies reduce risk for the shareholders, and can permit the ownership and control of a number of different companies. ''The New York Times'' uses the term ''parent holding company''. Holding companies can be subsidiaries in a Subsidiary#Tiered subsidiaries, tiered structure. Holding companies are also created to hold assets such as intellectual property or trade secrets, that are protected from the operating company. That creates a smaller risk when it comes ...
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