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(Cyclopentadienyl)titanium Trichloride
(Cyclopentadienyl)titanium trichloride is an organotitanium compound with the formula (CH)TiCl. It is a moisture sensitive orange solid. The compound adopts a piano stool geometry. Preparation and reactions (CH)TiCl is prepared by the reaction of titanocene dichloride and titanium tetrachloride Titanium tetrachloride is the inorganic compound with the formula . It is an important intermediate in the production of titanium metal and the pigment titanium dioxide. is a volatile liquid. Upon contact with humid air, it forms thick clouds ...: :(CH)TiCl + TiCl → 2 (CH)TiCl The complex is electrophilic, readily forming alkoxide complexes upon treatment with alcohols. Reduction of (cyclopentadienyl)titanium trichloride with zinc powder gives the polymeric Ti(III) derivative (cyclopentadienyl)titanium dichloride: :(CH)TiCl + 0.5Zn → 1/n CH)TiCl + 0.5ZnCl See also * (Cyclopentadienyl)zirconium trichloride * (Pentamethylclopentadienyl)titanium trichloride * (Inden ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Organotitanium Compound
Organotitanium chemistry is the science of organotitanium compounds describing their physical properties, synthesis, and reactions. Organotitanium compounds in organometallic chemistry contain carbon-titanium chemical bonds. They are reagents in organic chemistry and are involved in major industrial processes. Brief history Although the first attempt to prepare an organotitanium compound dates back to 1861, the first example was not reported until 1954. In that year titanocene dichloride was described by Wilkinson and Birmingham. Independently, titanium-based Ziegler–Natta catalysts were described leading to major commercial applications, for which the 1963 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded. This technology underscored the technical significance of organotitanium chemistry. Properties The titanium electron configuration ( rd24s2) vaguely resembles that of carbon and like carbon, the +4 oxidation state dominates. Titanium is however a much larger element than carbon, reflected ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Piano Stool Complex
Half sandwich compounds, also known as piano stool complexes, are organometallic complexes that feature a cyclic polyhapto ligand bound to an MLn center, where L is a unidentate ligand. Thousands of such complexes are known. Well-known examples include cyclobutadieneiron tricarbonyl and (C5H5)TiCl3. Commercially useful examples include (C5H5)Co(CO)2, which is used in the synthesis of substituted pyridines, and methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl, an antiknock agent in petrol. MMT-2D-skeletal.png, MMT is a commercially useful antiknock compound. Cpco(CO)2.png, CpCo(CO)2 is a catalyst for the synthesis of pyridines. Cyclobutadienyl-iron-tricarbonyl-from-xtal-3D-balls.png, (C4H4)Fe(CO)3. Cp2Fe(CO)2I-2D-skeletal.png, CpFe(CO)2I is an example of a piano stool complex with two different monodentate ligands. RuCymCl2.png, The diruthenium of cymene is readily cleaved by ligands to give monoRu half-sandwich derivatives. CHTMo(CO)3.png, Cycloheptatriene molybdenum tricarbonyl CP ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Titanocene Dichloride
Titanocene dichloride is the organotitanium compound with the formula ( ''η''5-C5H5)2TiCl2, commonly abbreviated as Cp2TiCl2. This metallocene is a common reagent in organometallic and organic synthesis. It exists as a bright red solid that slowly hydrolyzes in air. It shows antitumour activity and was the first non-platinum complex to undergo clinical trials as a chemotherapy drug. Preparation and structure The standard preparations of Cp2TiCl2 start with titanium tetrachloride. The original synthesis by Wilkinson and Birmingham, using sodium cyclopentadienide, is still commonly used: :2 NaC5H5 + TiCl4 → (C5H5)2TiCl2 + 2 NaCl It can also be prepared by using freshly distilled cyclopentadiene rather than its sodium derivative: :2 C5H6 + TiCl4 → (C5H5)2TiCl2 + 2 HCl Focusing on the geometry of the Ti center, Cp2TiCl2 adopts a distorted tetrahedral geometry (counting Cp as a monodentate ligand). The Ti-Cl distance is 2.37 Å and the Cl-Ti-Cl angle is 9 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Titanium Tetrachloride
Titanium tetrachloride is the inorganic compound with the formula . It is an important intermediate in the production of titanium metal and the pigment titanium dioxide. is a volatile liquid. Upon contact with humid air, it forms thick clouds of titanium dioxide () and hydrochloric acid, a reaction that was formerly exploited for use in smoke machines. It is sometimes referred to as "tickle" or "tickle 4" due to the phonetic resemblance of its molecular formula () to the word. Properties and structure is a dense, colourless distillable liquid, although crude samples may be yellow or even red-brown. It is one of the rare transition metal halides that is a liquid at room temperature, being another example. This property reflects the fact that molecules of weakly self-associate. Most metal chlorides are polymers, wherein the chloride atoms bridge between the metals. Its melting and boiling points are similar to those of . has a "closed" electronic shell, with the same numbe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alkoxide
In chemistry, an alkoxide is the conjugate base of an alcohol and therefore consists of an organic group bonded to a negatively charged oxygen atom. They are written as , where R is the organic substituent. Alkoxides are strong bases and, when R is not bulky, good nucleophiles and good ligands. Alkoxides, although generally not stable in protic solvents such as water, occur widely as intermediates in various reactions, including the Williamson ether synthesis. Transition metal alkoxides are widely used for coatings and as catalysts. Enolates are unsaturated alkoxides derived by deprotonation of a bond adjacent to a ketone or aldehyde. The nucleophilic center for simple alkoxides is located on the oxygen, whereas the nucleophilic site on enolates is delocalized onto both carbon and oxygen sites. Ynolates are also unsaturated alkoxides derived from acetylenic alcohols. Phenoxides are close relatives of the alkoxides, in which the alkyl group is replaced by a derivative of be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
(Cyclopentadienyl)zirconium Trichloride
(Cyclopentadienyl)zirconium trichloride is an organozirconium compound with the formula (CH)ZrCl. It a moisture-sensitive white solid. The compound adopts a polymeric structure. The compound has been well studied spectroscopically. Synthesis and reactions It is prepared by chlorination of zirconocene dichloride. Being polymeric, complex is insoluble in nonpolar solvents. It dissolves in the presence of basic ligands to give adducts. See also *(Cyclopentadienyl)titanium trichloride (Cyclopentadienyl)titanium trichloride is an organotitanium compound with the formula (CH)TiCl. It is a moisture sensitive orange solid. The compound adopts a piano stool geometry. Preparation and reactions (CH)TiCl is prepared by the reaction ..., which exists as a monomer. References {{DEFAULTSORT:Cyclopentadienyl)zirconium trichloride Zirconium(IV) compounds Chloro complexes Organozirconium compounds Cyclopentadienyl complexes Coordination polymers ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
(Pentamethylclopentadienyl)titanium Trichloride
(Pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)titanium trichloride is an organotitanium compound with the formula Cp*TiCl3 (Cp* = C5(CH3)5). It is an orange solid. The compound adopts a piano stool geometry. An early synthesis involve the combination of lithium pentamethylcyclopentadienide and titanium tetrachloride. The compound is an intermediate in the synthesis of decamethyltitanocene dichloride. In the presence of organoaluminium compounds and other additives, it catalyzes the polymerization of alkenes. See also * (Cyclopentadienyl)titanium trichloride (Cyclopentadienyl)titanium trichloride is an organotitanium compound with the formula (CH)TiCl. It is a moisture sensitive orange solid. The compound adopts a piano stool geometry. Preparation and reactions (CH)TiCl is prepared by the reaction ... References {{DEFAULTSORT:Pentamethyclopentadienyl)titanium trichloride Chloro complexes Titanium compounds Half sandwich compounds ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Metal Halides
Metal halides are compounds between metals and halogens. Some, such as sodium chloride are ionic, while others are covalently bonded. A few metal halides are discrete molecules, such as uranium hexafluoride, but most adopt polymeric structures, such as palladium chloride. File:NaCl polyhedra.png, Sodium chloride crystal structure File:Uranium-hexafluoride-unit-cell-3D-balls.png, Discrete UF6 molecules File:Alpha-palladium(II)-chloride-xtal-3D-balls.png, Infinite chains of one form of palladium chloride Preparation The halogens can all react with metals to form metal halides according to the following equation: :2M + nX2 → 2MXn where M is the metal, X is the halogen, and MXn is the metal halide. In practice, this type of reaction may be very exothermic, hence impractical as a preparative technique. Additionally, many transition metals can adopt multiple oxidation states, which complicates matters. As the halogens are strong oxidizers, direct combination of the elements usua ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chloro Complexes
Chlorine is a chemical element with the symbol Cl and atomic number 17. The second-lightest of the halogens, it appears between fluorine and bromine in the periodic table and its properties are mostly intermediate between them. Chlorine is a yellow-green gas at room temperature. It is an extremely reactive element and a strong oxidising agent: among the elements, it has the highest electron affinity and the third-highest electronegativity on the revised Pauling scale, behind only oxygen and fluorine. Chlorine played an important role in the experiments conducted by medieval alchemists, which commonly involved the heating of chloride salts like ammonium chloride (sal ammoniac) and sodium chloride ( common salt), producing various chemical substances containing chlorine such as hydrogen chloride, mercury(II) chloride (corrosive sublimate), and hydrochloric acid (in the form of ). However, the nature of free chlorine gas as a separate substance was only recognised around 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
