Ruha

In Mandaeism, Rūha (Classical Mandaic: ࡓࡅࡄࡀ, lit.'spirit/breath', Modern Mandaic pronunciation:), also known as Namrūs or Hiwat (Ewath; Classical Mandaic: ࡏࡅࡀࡕ) is a significant cosmic figure, often depicted as the queen of the World of Darkness (alma ḏ-hšuka) or underworld. She rules the underworld together with her son Ur, the king of the World of Darkness, and her entourage of the seven planets and twelve constellations, who are also her offspring with Ur.

Ruha is the daughter of Qin, the Mistress of Darkness in the first underworld. She is the ruler of the third maṭarta (watch-house or purgatory).

Cognates exist in other Semitic religious traditions, such as the Arabic rūḥ (روح), a fundamental concept in Islam signifying "spirit" or "soul", referring to the divine breath of life, as well as the Hebrew ruach (רוח), meaning "spirit," "wind," or "breath," and Ruach HaKodesh (רוח הקודש), which denotes the "Holy Spirit" in Judaism.