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Topic summary

Ribose

Ribose
Names IUPAC names
D-Ribose
d-ribo-Pentose
Systematic IUPAC name
(2R,3R,4S,5R)-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-2,3,4-triol
Other names
d-Ribose
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
  • 4470639 aldehydo form D-(−)-Ribose
DrugBank
EC Number
  • 200-059-4
UNII
  • aldehydo form D-(−)-Ribose: InChI=1/C5H10O5/c6-1-3(8)5(10)4(9)2-7/h1,3-5,7-10H,2H2/t3-,4+,5-/m0/s1
    Key: PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-LMVFSUKVBD
  • Aldehydo form D-(−)-Ribose: InChI=1S/C5H10O5/c6-1-3(8)5(10)4(9)2-7/h1,3-5,7-10H,2H2/t3-,4+,5-/m0/s1
    Key: PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-LMVFSUKVSA-N
  • aldehydo form D-(−)-Ribose: C([C@H]([C@H]([C@H](C=O)O)O)O)O
Properties C5H10O5Molar mass150.13 Appearance White solid Melting point95 °C (203 °F; 368 K) 100g/L (25 °C, 77 °F) −21.5° (H2O) Related compounds
Related aldopentoses
Arabinose
Xylose
Lyxose
Related compounds
Deoxyribose
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Ribose is a simple sugar and carbohydrate with molecular formula C5H10O5 and the linear-form composition H−(C=O)−(CHOH)4−H. The naturally occurring form, d-ribose, is a component of the ribonucleotides from which RNA is built, and is thus necessary for the coding, decoding, regulation and expression of genes. It has a structural analog, deoxyribose, which is a similarly essential component of DNA.

German chemists Emil Fischer and Oscar Piloty first prepared l-ribose, an unnatural sugar, in 1891. In 1909, American chemists Phoebus Levene and Walter Jacobs recognised that d-ribose was the enantiomer of l-ribose and a natural product, being an essential component of nucleic acids.

Wikipedia source