Jarlig

Historical Mongol government edict Jarlig of Temür Qutlugh khan (copy), 1397. A jarlig, also written yarlyk (from Russian: ярлы́к and Ukrainian: ярлик), is an edict, permission, license, or written commandant of Mongol and Chinggisid rulers' "formal diplomas." It was one of three non-fundamental law pronouncements that had the effect of regulation or ordinance, the other two being debter (a record of precedence cases for administration and judicial decisions) and billing (maxims or sayings attributed to Genghis Khan). The jarlig provides important information about the running of the Mongol Empire. Ögedei Khagan prohibited the nobility from issuing gergees (tablet that gave the bearer authority to demand goods and services from civilian populations) and jarligs in the 1230s. From the mid-13th to mid-15th centuries, all princes of Northeastern Rus received jarligs authorizing their rule. The issuing of jarligs on governing of Rus finalized the establishment of the title of Grand Duke of Vladimir (Grand Prince). Initially, those jarligs came from the qaghan in Karakorum, but after Batu established the khanate of the Golden Horde (c. 1227), they came from Sarai. None of t