Topic summary
Civilisation
Extracted from the Wikipedia article Civilization.
References
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Ancient Greek Athenai, historic city and capital of Greece. Many of classical civilization's intellectual and artistic ideas originated there, and the city is generally considered to be the birthplace of Western civilization
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Greece is a picturesque country on the southern tip of the Balkan Peninsula straddling the always-blue Agean, Ionian and Adriatic Seas. Considered by many to be the cradle of Western Civilization and the birthplace of democracy, her ancient past has long been the source and inspiration of Western thought.
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- See also: Brighton, Jack (producer) (7 June 2005). "A History of the World in 6 Glasses". Focus 580 (Radio interview – audio). Illinois Public Media. WILL-AM 580 – via Internet Archive. (With guest: Tom Standage, technology editor at The Economist). American Archive of Public Broadcasting record
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- Stearns, Peter N. (2004). "Chapter 13 - The Spread of Chinese Civilization: Japan, Korea, and Vietnam". World civilizations: the global experience (4th ed.). New York: Pearson Longman. ISBN . Archived from the original on 24 October 2023 2023.
Explicit theories of the origin of the state are relatively modern [...] the age of exploration, by making Europeans aware that many peoples throughout the world lived, not in states, but in independent villages or tribes, made the state seem less natural, and thus more in need of explanation.
The fertile land between the Tigris and the Euphrates has inspired some of the most important developments in human history including the invention of the wheel, the planting of the first cereal crops and the development of cursive script.
Archaeologists in Bulgaria believe they have discovered Europe's oldest prehistoric town, a settlement that was founded nearly 5,000 years before the birth of Christ [...] The "town", known as Provadia-Solnitsata, was small by modern standards and would have had around 350 inhabitants.
According to the criteria, accepted for the period, the prehistoric settlement of Provadia-Solnitsata could be defined as a prehistoric city that existed in the middle and the second half of the 5th millennium BC.
The urban revolution of 5500 years ago is at the very same time the rise of civilization. [...] there is general consensus among scientists about the overall picture of Childe's revolution as portrayed above [...].
We find strong support for models in which human sacrifice stabilizes social stratification once stratification has arisen, and promotes a shift to strictly inherited class systems.
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