SofiaSofia is the capital and largest city of Bulgaria. It is situated in the Sofia Valley at the foot of the Vitosha mountain, in the western part of the country. The city is built west of the Iskar river and has many mineral springs, such as the Sofia Central Mineral Baths. It has a humid continental climate. Known as Serdica in antiquity, Sofia has been an area of human habitation since at least 7000 BC.
Vrachanska SkaklyaVrachanska Skaklya (Bulgarian: Врачанска Скакля) or Skaklya is a plunge waterfall in the Vrachanski Balkan Nature Park of Vratsa Province in northwestern Bulgaria. With a height of 141 or 148 m, it is claimed to be the highest intermittently flowing waterfall in Bulgaria and the Balkans. The waterfall lies 1.5 km south of Vratsa, behind the Kaleto hill, and can be observed from the town centre.
Köppen climate classificationThe Köppen climate classification divides Earth's climates into five main climate groups, with each group being divided based on patterns of seasonal precipitation and temperature. The five main groups are A (tropical), B (arid), C (temperate), D (continental), and E (polar). Each group and subgroup is represented by a letter. All climates are assigned a main group (the first letter).
Vrachanski Balkan Nature ParkVrachanski Balkan Nature Park (Bulgarian: Природен парк „Врачански Балкан“) is a nature park in Bulgaria with an area of 30129.9 ha established on 21 December 1989.
BulgariaBulgaria, officially the Republic of Bulgaria, is a country in Southeastern Europe. It is situated on the eastern portion of the Balkans directly south of the Danube river and west of the Black Sea. Bulgaria is bordered by Greece and Turkey to the south, Serbia and North Macedonia to the west, and Romania across the Danube river to the north.
Ledenika43°12′16″N23°29′28″E / 43.20444°N 23.49111°E / 43.20444; 23.49111Ledenika (Bulgarian: Леденика, English: icy or glacial) is a cave in the Northwestern parts of the Balkan Mountains, 16 km away from the Bulgarian city of Vratsa. Its entrance is approximately 830 m above sea level. The cave features an abundance of galleries and impressive karst formations including stalactites and stalagmites.
AvarızAvariz was a property tax in the Ottoman Empire, an annual cash tax paid by households registered in a defter. HistoryIn early Ottoman history, the state depended on the timar system of feudal dues; but over time - especially due to the need to hire professional soldiers rather than peasants serving a feudal military obligation - more emphasis was placed on cash taxes, and avarız took over from the timar system. Avarız began in the late fifteenth century.
KazaA kaza (Ottoman Turkish: , "judgment" or "jurisdiction") was an administrative division of the Ottoman Empire. It is also discussed in English under the names district, subdistrict, and juridical district. Kazas continued to be used by some of the empire's successor states. At present, they are used by Iraq, Lebanon, Jordan, and in Arabic discussion of Israel. In these contexts, they are also known by the Arabic name qada, qadā, or qadaa (Arabic: , qaḍāʾ).
DefterA defter was a type of tax register and land cadastre in the Ottoman Empire.
Rogozen TreasureThe Rogozen Treasure (Bulgarian: Рогозенско съкровище), called the find of the century, is a Thracian treasure.
Bulgarian languageBulgarian is an Eastern South Slavic language spoken in Southeast Europe, primarily in Bulgaria. It is the language of the Bulgarians. Along with the closely related Macedonian language (collectively forming Macedo-Bulgarian), it is a member of the Balkan sprachbund and South Slavic dialect continuum of the Indo-European language family.
Montana, BulgariaMontana (Bulgarian: Монтана [monˈtanɐ]) is a town in northwestern Bulgaria. It is the administrative centre of Montana Province. In the 2021 census, it had a population of 36,455.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.