Holy Roman EmpireToday part ofFranceBelgiumNetherlandsGermanyItalyLuxembourgSwitzerlandLiechtensteinAustriaCzech RepublicSloveniaPolandThe Holy Roman Empire, also known as the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation after 1512, was a polity comprising and controlling much of Central Europe and Western Europe, headed by the Holy Roman Emperor and characterized by a decentralized political structure.
Meuse (department)Meuse (French pronunciation: [møz] ) is a department in northeast France, named after the river Meuse. Meuse is part of the current region of Grand Est and is landlocked and borders by the French departments of Ardennes, Marne, Haute-Marne, Vosges, Meurthe-et-Moselle, and Belgium to the north. Parts of Meuse belong to Parc naturel régional de Lorraine. It had a population of 180,290 in 2023.
Departments of FranceAdministrative subdivision in FranceIn the administrative divisions of France, the department (French: département, pronounced) is one of the three levels of government under the national level ("territorial collectivities"), between the administrative regions and the communes. There are a total of 101 departments, consisting of ninety-six departments in metropolitan France, and five overseas departments (which are also classified as overseas regions).
Treaty of VerdunThe Treaty of Verdun (French: Traité de Verdun; German: Vertrag von Verdun), agreed to on 10 August 843, ended the Carolingian civil war and divided the Carolingian Empire between Lothair I, Louis II and Charles II, the surviving sons of the emperor Louis I. The treaty was the culmination of negotiations lasting more than a year.
FranceCountry primarily in Western EuropeFrance, officially the French Republic, is a country primarily located in Western Europe. Its overseas regions and territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the North Atlantic, the French West Indies, and many islands in Oceania and the Indian Ocean.
MetzCity in Grand Est, FrancePrefecture and commune in Grand Est, FranceMetz ( ; French:; Latin: Divodurum Mediomatricorum, then Mettis) is a city in northeast France located at the confluence of the Moselle and the Seille rivers. Metz is the prefecture of the Moselledepartment and the seat of the parliament of the Grand Estregion.
ToulToul (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Meurthe-et-Moselledepartment in north-eastern France. It is a sub-prefecture of the department. GeographyToul is between Commercy and Nancy, and the river Moselle and Canal de la Marne au Rhin. ClimateToul has an oceanic climate (Köppen climate classificationCfb). The average annual temperature in Toul is 9.8 °C (49.6 °F). The average annual rainfall is 761.1 mm (29.96 in) with June as the wettest month.
Carolingian EmpireThe Carolingian Empire (800–887) was a Frankish-dominated empire in Western and Central Europe during the Early Middle Ages. It was ruled by the Carolingian dynasty, which had ruled as kings of the Franks since 751 and as kings of the Lombards in Italy from 774. In 800 Pope Leo III crowned King Charlemagne as the Roman emperor in return for political protection, disregarding the universalist claims of the weakened Byzantine Empire.
Grand EstGrand Est (French: [ɡʁɑ̃t‿ɛst] ; English: "Greater East") is one of France's landlocked administrative regions, this being in northeastern France.
ArrondissementAn arrondissement (UK: , US: , French:) is any of various administrative divisions of France, Belgium, Haiti, Cameroon and certain other Francophone countries, as well as the Netherlands. EuropeFranceThe 101 French departments are divided into 342 arrondissements, which may be roughly translated into English as districts. The capital of an arrondissement is called a subprefecture.
American EnglishAmerican English, sometimes called United States English or U.S. English, is the set of varieties of the English language native to the United States. English is the most widely spoken language in the U.S., as well as the common language used in government, education, and commerce in all 50 states, the District of Columbia, and in all U.S. territories except Puerto Rico. Since the late 20th century, American English has become the most influential form of English worldwide.British EnglishBritish English is the set of varieties of the English language native to the United Kingdom, especially Great Britain. More narrowly, it can refer specifically to the English language in England, or, more broadly, to the collective dialects of English throughout the United Kingdom taken as a single umbrella variety, for instance additionally incorporating Scottish English, Welsh English, and Northern Irish English.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.