VedasThe Vedas ( or ; Sanskrit: वेदः, romanised: Vēdaḥ, lit.'knowledge'), sometimes collectively called the Veda, are a large body of religious texts originating in ancient India. Composed in Vedic Sanskrit, the texts constitute the oldest layer of Sanskrit literature and the oldest scriptures of Hinduism. There are four Vedas: the Rigveda, the Yajurveda, the Samaveda and the Atharvaveda.
BhimaBhima (Sanskrit: भीम, IAST: Bhīma), also known as Bhimasena (Sanskrit: भीमसेन, IAST: Bhīmasena), is a hero and one of the most prominent characters in the Hindu epic Mahabharata. As the second of the five Pandava brothers, Bhima was born to Kunti—the wife of King Pandu—fathered by Vayu, the wind god, which bestowed upon him superhuman strength from birth.
SanskritAncient Indo-Aryan language of South AsiaSanskrit (; stem form संस्कृत; nominal singular संस्कृतम्, saṃskṛtam,) is a classical language belonging to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages. It arose in South Asia after its predecessor languages had diffused there from the northwest in the late Bronze Age.
Hindu deitiesGods and goddesses in HinduismExamples of Hindu deities (from top): Ganesha, Vishnu, Shiva, Indra, Krishna, Durga, Parvati, Lakshmi and Saraswati.Hindu deities are the gods and goddesses in Hinduism. Deities in Hinduism are as diverse as its traditions, and a Hindu can choose to be polytheistic, pantheistic, monotheistic, monistic, or even agnostic, atheistic or humanistic.
Madhvacharya13th century Hindu Dvaita philosopherMadhvacharya (IAST: Madhvācārya; pronounced; 1199–1278 CE or 1238–1317 CE), also known as Purna Prajna (IAST: Pūrṇa-Prajña) and Ānanda Tīrtha, was an Indian philosopher, theologian and the chief proponent of the Dvaita (dualism) school of Vedanta. Madhva called his philosophy Tattvavāda meaning "arguments from a realist viewpoint".
VishvarupaVishvarupa (Sanskrit: विश्वरूप, romanized: Viśvarūpa, lit.'universal form'), also spelt as Vishwaroopa and known as Virāḍrūpa, is an iconographical form and theophany of Hindu deity Vishnu in contemporary Hinduism.
Soma (drink)Soma (Sanskrit: सोम, romanized: soma) is a ritual drink of importance in the Historical Vedic religion of the early Vedic Indo-Aryans. The Rigveda mentions it, particularly in the Soma Mandala. It is equivalent to the Iranian haoma, and associated with immortality (amrita) and the conquering of territory by a king. The texts describe the preparation of soma by means of extracting the juice from a plant, the identity of which is now unknown and debated among scholars.
IndraIndra (; Sanskrit: इन्द्र, IPA: [in̪d̪rɐ]) is the Vedic god of weather, considered the king of the devas and the realm of Svarga in Hinduism. He is associated with the sky, lightning, weather, thunder, storms, rains, river flows, and war. Indra is the most frequently mentioned deity in the Rigveda.
HanumanHanuman (; Sanskrit: हनुमान्, IAST: Hanumān), also known as Maruti, Bajrangabali, and Anjaneya, is a deity in Hinduism, revered as a divine vanara, and a devoted companion of Lord Rama. Central to the Ramayana, Hanuman is celebrated for his unwavering devotion to Rama and is considered a chiranjivi. He is traditionally believed to be the spiritual offspring of the celestial wind-god Vayu.
UpanishadsThe Upanishads (; Sanskrit: उपनिषद्, IAST: Upaniṣad, pronounced [ˈupɐniʂɐd]) are Sanskrit texts of the late Vedic and post-Vedic periods that "document the transition from the archaic ritualism of the Veda into new religious ideas and institutions" and the emergence of the central religious concepts of Hinduism.
Guardians of the directionsThe Guardians of the Directions (Sanskrit: दिक्पाल, IAST: Dikpāla) are the deities who rule the specific directions of space according to Hinduism, Jainism and VajrayānaBuddhism—especially Kālacakra. As a group of eight deities, they are called Aṣṭa-Dikpāla (अष्ट-दिक्पाल), literally meaning guardians of eight directions.
Literal translationLiteral translation, direct translation, word-for-word translation, word-by-word translation, or word-to-word translation is the translation of a text done by translating each word separately without analysing how the words are used together in a phrase or sentence. In translation theory, another term for literal translation is metaphrase (as opposed to paraphrase for an analogous translation).
Indian epic poetryIndian epic poetry is the epic poetry written in the Indian subcontinent, traditionally called Kavya (IAST: Kāvyá). The Ramayana and the Mahabharata, which were originally composed in Sanskrit and later translated into many other Indian languages, and the Five Great Epics of Tamil literature and Sangam literature are some of the oldest surviving epic poems ever written.
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