Outer spaceVoid between celestial bodiesFor other uses, see Outer space (other).Being essentially empty, outer space allows the earliest (redder) galaxies to be viewed without obstruction, as in the Webb's First Deep Field image.Outer space, or simply space, is the expanse that exists beyond Earth's atmosphere and between celestial bodies.
SpaceSpace is a three-dimensional continuum containing positions and directions. In classical physics, physical space is often conceived in three lineardimensions. Modern physicists usually consider it, with time, to be part of a boundless four-dimensionalcontinuum known as spacetime. The concept of space is considered to be of fundamental importance to an understanding of the physical universe.
Vacuum chamberA vacuum chamber is a rigid enclosure from which air and other gases are removed by a vacuum pump. This results in a low-pressure environment within the chamber, commonly referred to as a vacuum. A vacuum environment allows researchers to conduct physical experiments or to test mechanical devices which must operate in outer space (for example) or for processes such as vacuum drying or vacuum coating.
PressureForce distributed over an area Pressure (symbol: p or P) is the force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per unit area over which that force is distributed. Gauge pressure (also spelled gage pressure) is the pressure relative to the ambient pressure. Various units are used to express pressure.
SuctionSuction is the day-to-day term for the movement of gases or liquids along a pressure gradient with the implication that the movement occurs because the lower pressure pulls the gas or liquid. However, the forces acting in this case do not originate from just the lower pressure side, but instead from the side of the higher pressure, as a reaction to the pressure difference.
Atmospheric pressureAtmospheric pressure, also known as air pressure or barometric pressure (after the barometer), is the pressure within the atmosphere of Earth. The standard atmosphere (symbol: atm) is a unit of pressure defined as 101.325 kPa (1,013.25 hPa), which is equivalent to 1,013.25 millibars, 760torr (or about 760mmHg), about 29.9212inHg, or about 14.696psi.
Vacuum cleanerA vacuum cleaner, also known simply as a vacuum (or a hoover in the UK), is a device that uses suction, and often agitation, in order to remove dirt and other debris from carpets, hard floors, and other surfaces. The dirt is collected into a dust bag or a plastic bin. Vacuum cleaners, which are used in homes and in commercial settings, exist in a variety of sizes and types, including stick vacuums, handheld vacuums, upright vacuums, canister vacuums, and robot vacuums.Ultra-high vacuumUltra-high vacuum (often spelled ultrahigh in American English, UHV) is the vacuum regime characterised by pressure lower than about 1×10−9 torrs (1×10−9 mbar; 1×10−7 Pa). UHV conditions are created by pumping the gas out of a UHV chamber, and in some cases by cooling the chamber to cryogenic temperatures.
LaboratoryA laboratory (UK: ; US: ; colloquially lab) is a facility that provides controlled conditions in which scientific or technological research, experiments, and measurement may be performed.
MatterSomething that has mass and volumeHydrogen in its plasma state is the most abundant ordinary matter in the universe.In physical science, matter is anything that has mass and occupies space by having volume. All everyday objects that can be touched are ultimately composed of atoms, which are made up of interacting subatomic particles.
EngineeringEngineering is the practice of systematically applying natural science and mathematics to design and improve systems, devices, or processes that solve problems under constraints. It is typically motivated by satisfying human needs, resulting in creations such as bridges, engines, smartphones, pacemakers, the internet, spacecraft, and washing machines.
Ancient GreeceAncient Greece (Ancient Greek: Ἑλλάς, romanized: Hellás) was an ancient civilization existing from the Greek Dark Ages of the 12th–9th centuries BC to the end of classical antiquity (c. 600 AD), comprising a loose collection of culturally and linguistically related city-states and regions, primarily centered in the northeastern area of the . Prior to the Roman period, most of this area was officially unified only once, from 338 to 323 BC under the Kingdom of Macedon.
Special:Search/vacuumRelated word or term.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.