Square planar molecular geometryIn chemistry, the square planar molecular geometry describes the stereochemistry (spatial arrangement of atoms) that is adopted by certain chemical compounds. As the name suggests, molecules of this geometry have their atoms positioned at the corners.
Coordination complexA coordination complex is a chemical compound consisting of a central atom or ion, which is usually metallic and is called the coordination centre, and a surrounding array of boundmolecules or ions, that are in turn known as ligands or complexing agents. Many metal-containing compounds, especially those that include transition metals (elements like titanium that belong to the periodic table's d-block), are coordination complexes.
Trans effectIn inorganic chemistry, the trans effect is the increased lability of ligands that are trans to certain other ligands, which can thus be regarded as trans-directing ligands. It is attributed to electronic effects and it is most notable in square planar complexes, although it can also be observed for octahedral complexes. The analogous cis effect is most often observed in octahedral transition metal complexes.
CisplatinCisplatin is a chemical compound with formulacis-[Pt(NH3)2Cl2]. It is a coordination complex of platinum that is used as a chemotherapy medication used to treat a number of cancers. These include testicular cancer, ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, bladder cancer, head and neck cancer, esophageal cancer, lung cancer, mesothelioma, brain tumors and neuroblastoma. It is given by injection into a vein.
Molecular symmetryIn chemistry, molecular symmetry describes the symmetry present in molecules and the classification of these molecules according to their symmetry. Molecular symmetry is a fundamental concept in chemistry, as it can be used to predict or explain many of a molecule's chemical properties, such as whether or not it has a dipole moment, as well as its allowed spectroscopic transitions. To do this it is necessary to use group theory.
Alfred WernerAlfred Werner (12 December 1866 – 15 November 1919) was a Swiss chemist who was a student at ETH Zurich and a professor at the University of Zurich. He won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1913 for proposing the octahedral configuration of transition metal complexes. Werner developed the basis for modern coordination chemistry. He was the first inorganic chemist to win the Nobel Prize, and the only one prior to 1973.DimethylformamideDimethylformamide, DMF is an organic compound with the chemical formula HCON(CH3)2. Its structure is HC(=O)−N(−CH3)2. Commonly abbreviated as DMF (although this initialism is sometimes used for dimethylfuran, or dimethyl fumarate), this colourless liquid is miscible with water and the majority of organic liquids. DMF is a common solvent for chemical reactions.
ThioureaThiourea () is an organosulfur compound with the formulaSC(NH2)2 and the structureH2N−C(=S)−NH2. It is structurally similar to urea (H2N−C(=O)−NH2), with the oxygen atom replaced by sulfur atom (as implied by the thio- prefix). The properties of urea and thiourea differ significantly. Thiourea is a reagent in organic synthesis. Thioureas are a broad class of compounds with the formula SC(NHR)(NH2), SC(NHR)2, etcStructure and bondingThiourea is a planar molecule.Oxidative additionOxidative addition and reductive elimination are two important and related classes of reactions in organometallic chemistry. Oxidative addition is a process that increases both the oxidation state and coordination number of a metal centre. Oxidative addition is often a step in catalytic cycles, in conjunction with its reverse reaction, reductive elimination.
Hydrochloric acidNames IUPAC nameChloraneOther names Muriatic acidSpirits of saltHydronium chlorideChlorhydric acidIdentifiers CAS Number7647-01-0ChEMBLChEMBL1231821ChemSpider307DrugBankDB13366ECHA InfoCard100.210.665EC Number231-595-7E numberE507 (acidity regulators, ...)PubChemCID313monohydrate: 21885828dihydrate: 21899424trihydrate: 21864422hexahydrate: 22077275UNIIQTT17582CBUN number1789 InChImonohydrate: InChI=1S/ClH.H2O/h1H;1H2Key: DKAGJZJALZXOOV-UHFFFAOYSA-Ndihydrate: InChI=1S/ClH.2H2O/h1H;2*1H2Key: NSNHWTBQMQIDCF-UHFFFAOYSA-Ntrihydrate: InChI=1S/ClH.3H2O/h1H;3*1H2Key: CUGZEDSDRBMZMY-UHFFFAOYSA-Nhexahydrate: InChI=1S/ClH.6H2O/h1H;6*1H2Key: VOAPTKOANCCNFV-UHFFFAOYSA-NSMILESmonohydrate: [OH3+].[Cl-]dihydrate: O.[OH3+].[Cl-]trihydrate: O.O.[OH3+].[Cl-]hexahydrate: O.O.O.O.O.[OH3+].[Cl-]Properties Chemical formulaHCl(aq) Molar mass36.46 g·mol Appearance Colorless, transparent liquid, fumes in air if concentrated OdorPungent characteristic Density1.18 g/cm (37%Wt at 20°C) Melting pointConcentration-dependent – see tableBoiling pointConcentration-dependent – see tablelog P0.00 Acidity (pKa) −5.9 (HCl gas) Pharmacology ATC codeA09AB03 (WHO) B05XA13 (WHO) Hazards Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): Main hazardsCorrosive, reactive, toxic fumes GHS labelling: PictogramsSignal wordDangerHazard statementsH290, H314, H335Precautionary statementsP234, P261, P271, P280, P303+P361+P353, P305+P351+P338NFPA 704 (fire diamond) 301ACIDFlash pointNon-flammable Related compounds Other anionsHydrofluoric acidHydrobromic acidHydroiodic acidRelated compoundsHydrogen chlorideSupplementary data page Hydrochloric acid (data page)Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).Nverify ( ?)
Metal aquo complexIn chemistry, metal aquo complexes are coordination compounds containing metal ions with only water as a ligand. These complexes are the predominant species in aqueous solutions of many metal salts, such as metal nitrates, sulfates, and perchlorates. They have the general stoichiometry[M(H2O)n]. Their behavior underpins many aspects of environmental, biological, and industrial chemistry.
Cis–trans isomerismCis–trans isomerism, also known as geometric isomerism, describes certain arrangements of atoms within molecules. The prefixes "cis" and "trans" are from Latin: "this side of" and "the other side of", respectively. In the context of chemistry, cis indicates that the functional groups (substituents) are on the same side of some plane, while trans conveys that they are on opposing (transverse) sides.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.